Catalyst Support and Solvent Effects during Lignin Depolymerization and Hydrodeoxygenation

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 16952-16958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Héroguel ◽  
Xuan Trung Nguyen ◽  
Jeremy S. Luterbacher
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Lignin Depolymerization

scholarly journals Alkali Lignin Catalytic Hydrogenolysis with Biofuel Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Elena I. Shimanskaya ◽  
Esther M. Sulman ◽  
Mikhail G. Sulman ◽  
Irina Yu. Tiamina
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Supercritical Solvent ◽  
Crosslinked Polystyrene ◽  
Donor Solvent ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Lignin Depolymerization ◽  
Fuel Components

AbstractIn this paper synthesized palladium (Pd)-containing catalysts were used in the hydrogenolysis of lignin in the presence of a hydrogen donor solvent, i-propanol, to obtain liquid fuel components. A study of the influence of the catalyst support nature, catalyst preparation method and supercritical solvent nature on the lignin depolymerization was completed. It was found that the use of Pd-containing catalysts results in the formation of aromatic compounds (mainly benzene and toluene) for both supercritical solvents used (i-propanol and CO2). The maximum conversion of lignin (50 %) was achieved when the supercritical i-propanol was used and maximum selectivity to aromatics (over 70 %) was observed in the presence of the Pd-containing catalyst synthesized by hydrothermal deposition on the polymeric matrix of hyper-crosslinked polystyrene.

Kinetic Solvent Effects in Organic Reactions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belinda Slakman ◽  
Richard West
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effect ◽  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Kinetic Modeling ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Solvent Phase ◽  
High Throughput Manner

<div> <div> <div> <p>This article reviews prior work studying reaction kinetics in solution, with the goal of using this information to improve detailed kinetic modeling in the solvent phase. Both experimental and computational methods for calculating reaction rates in liquids are reviewed. Previous studies, which used such methods to determine solvent effects, are then analyzed based on reaction family. Many of these studies correlate kinetic solvent effect with one or more solvent parameters or properties of reacting species, but it is not always possible, and investigations are usually done on too few reactions and solvents to truly generalize. From these studies, we present suggestions on how best to use data to generalize solvent effects for many different reaction types in a high throughput manner. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Support and Goal Outcomes during COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Marika Vowels ◽  
Katherine Carnelley
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Daily Diary ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Partner Support ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Instrumental Support ◽  
The Face ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Sources Of Support

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people have been stuck indoors with their partners for months. Having a supportive partner is likely to be especially important during this time where access to outside sources of support is limited. Individuals have to continue to work on goals and tasks while dealing with demands caused by the pandemic. The present mixed-methods study aimed to investigate how partner support is associated with goal outcomes during COVID-19. The quantitative participants (n = 200) completed a daily diary for a week and weekly longitudinal reports for a month and 48 participants attended a semi-structured interview. The quantitative results showed that higher relational catalyst support was associated with better goal outcomes; qualitative analyses revealed partners use direct and indirect forms of emotional and instrumental support toward goal pursuit. Across both forms of data, participants’ resilience in the face of the pandemic was evident.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document