scholarly journals Alkali Lignin Catalytic Hydrogenolysis with Biofuel Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Elena I. Shimanskaya ◽  
Esther M. Sulman ◽  
Mikhail G. Sulman ◽  
Irina Yu. Tiamina
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Supercritical Solvent ◽  
Crosslinked Polystyrene ◽  
Donor Solvent ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Lignin Depolymerization ◽  
Fuel Components

AbstractIn this paper synthesized palladium (Pd)-containing catalysts were used in the hydrogenolysis of lignin in the presence of a hydrogen donor solvent, i-propanol, to obtain liquid fuel components. A study of the influence of the catalyst support nature, catalyst preparation method and supercritical solvent nature on the lignin depolymerization was completed. It was found that the use of Pd-containing catalysts results in the formation of aromatic compounds (mainly benzene and toluene) for both supercritical solvents used (i-propanol and CO2). The maximum conversion of lignin (50 %) was achieved when the supercritical i-propanol was used and maximum selectivity to aromatics (over 70 %) was observed in the presence of the Pd-containing catalyst synthesized by hydrothermal deposition on the polymeric matrix of hyper-crosslinked polystyrene.

Catalytic Hydrogenolysis of Alkaline Lignin With a Production of Biofuel

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
E. Shimanskaya ◽  
O. Grebennikova ◽  
A. Sulman
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Fuel Components

Synthesized 5% Pd/Al2O3 and 5% Pd/ATP were used in the hydrogenolysis of lignin in the presence of a solvent of a hydrogen donor, propanol-2, to obtain liquid fuel components. It has been established that the use of Pd-containing alumina-based catalysts makes it possible to obtain phenolic compounds, while in the presence of catalysts based on a polymer matrix from hyperastained polystyrene, the main products are cycloalkanes. In addition, the study of the hydrogenolysis process showed that when using propanol-2 as a solvent, the formation of aromatic compounds is mainly observed, while in the aqueous medium a high yield of phenols is achieved.

An eco-friendly biomass pretreatment strategy utilizing reusable enzyme mimicking nanoparticles for lignin depolymerization and biofuel production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv CHANDRA RAJAK ◽  
Pathikrit Saha ◽  
Mamata S Singhvi ◽  
Darae Kwak ◽  
Danil Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Biomass Pretreatment ◽  
Enzyme Mimicking ◽  
Lignin Depolymerization

Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass to specifically depolymerise lignin moieties without loss of carbohydrates as well as to minimize the generation of harmful intermediates during the process is a major challenge...

Catalyst Support and Solvent Effects during Lignin Depolymerization and Hydrodeoxygenation

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 16952-16958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Héroguel ◽  
Xuan Trung Nguyen ◽  
Jeremy S. Luterbacher
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Lignin Depolymerization

scholarly journals Thermodynamic Analysis of Evaporation of Levitated Binary and Ternary Liquid Fuel Droplets under Normal Gravity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Raghuram ◽  
Vasudevan Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Normal Gravity ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Droplet Surface ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Ternary Fuel ◽  
Fuel Components

The present study presents a thermodynamic model for predicting the vaporization characteristics of binary and ternary hydrocarbon fuel droplets under atmospheric pressure and normal gravity conditions. The model employs activity coefficients based on UNIFAC group contribution method and evaluates the vapor-liquid equilibrium of binary and ternary droplets. The gas-phase properties have been evaluated as a function of temperature and mixture molecular weight. The model has been validated against the experimental data available in literature. The validated model is used to predict the vaporization characteristics of binary and ternary fuel droplets at atmospheric pressure under normal gravity. Results show multiple slopes in the droplet surface regression indicating preferential vaporization of fuel components based on their boiling point and volatility. The average evaporation rate is dictated by the ambient temperature and also by composition of the mixture.

scholarly journals Determining structural and technological parameters of the polymer films winding process for pipelines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.E. Nekhoroshikh
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Multilayer Film ◽  
Film Structure ◽  
Film Material ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Total Leakage ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Fuel Components ◽  
Material Permeability

The paper considers issues related to technology of manufacturing pipelines by winding polymer film materials and assessing their tightness with respect to gaseous and liquid fuel components. The shell is made by winding the required number of layers of continuous film tape with a given width, thickness and overlap on a rigid removable mandrel. The multilayer film structure of the shell made by winding a narrow polymer tape is considered as a computational model of the sealing shell of the pipeline. The tightness of the polymer pipeline shell is determined both by the physical and chemical parameters of the film material (permeability and diffusion coefficients) and by the structural and technological parameters of the wound shell. The simulation results allowed determining the main structural and technological parameters of the winding process as applied to the polyimide-fluoroplastic film PMF-352, which provide the total leakage of the film fuel lines within the requirements.

Influences of Preparation Parameters of Catalyst Support on the SCR Denitration Activity of Mn-Ce/TiO2

2016 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Yan Xia Wu ◽  
Hai Long Liang ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Yu Feng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Component ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Active Components ◽  
No Removal ◽  
Denitrification Activity ◽  
Co Precipitation

The catalytic performance of NO removal was studied over Mn-Ce/TiO2 catalysts prepared by different preparation parameters, such as preparation method, Ce/(Mn+Ce) molar ratio and calcination temperature. It was found that samples prepared by co-precipitation method, which had the largest surface area and highly dispersed active component particles, showed the best denitrification activity. The highest NO conversion of 95% is achieved at the Ce/(Mn+Ce) molar ratio of 15% which is much higher than that of the pure manganese constituent. The increase of calcining temperature favored the crystallization of active components, leading to the decline of catalytic activity.

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