Design and Implementation of a Self-Directed Stereochemistry Lesson Using Embedded Virtual Three-Dimensional Images in a Portable Document Format

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy A. Cody ◽  
Paul A. Craig ◽  
Adam D. Loudermilk ◽  
Paul M. Yacci ◽  
Sarah L. Frisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Portable Document Format ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Three Dimensional Images ◽  
Document Format

scholarly journals Towards an easy generation of scientific three-dimensional models for embedding into 3D PDF (Portable Document Format) files

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Newe
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Portable Document Format ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Biomedical Image Processing ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Biomedical Image ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Document Format

The Portable Document Format (PDF) allows for embedding three-dimensional (3D) models and is therefore particularly suitable to exchange and present respective data, especially as regards scholarly articles. The generation of the necessary model data, however, is still challenging, especially for inexperienced users. This prevents an unrestrained proliferation of 3D PDF usage in scientific communication. This article introduces a new module for the biomedical image processing framework MeVisLab. It enables even novice users to generate the model data files without requiring programming skills and without the need for an intensive training by simply using it as a conversion tool. Advanced users can benefit from the full capability of MeVisLab to generate and export the model data as part of an overall processing chain. Although MeVisLab is primarily designed for handling biomedical image data, the new module is not restricted to this domain. It can be used for all scientific disciplines.

scholarly journals Introduction to teaching science with three-dimensional images of dinosaur footprints from Cristo Rey, New Mexico

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Valeria V. Martinez ◽  
Laura F. Serpa
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Portable Document Format ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Virtual Field ◽  
Fossil Site ◽  
Three Dimensional Images ◽  
Cristo Rey

Abstract. In this paper we discuss the use of three-dimensional (3-D) imagery and virtual field trips to teach pre-university and non-major university geoscience courses. In particular, 3-D PDF (Portable Document Format) files can be used to either prepare students for or completely replace a field trip when logistical problems make the actual trip too difficult to be effective or when some students need an alternative accommodation. Three-dimensional images can replace or supplement classroom activities, such as the identification of rocks and minerals from hand samples or the identification of geologic structures from 2-D photographs and limited field observations. Students can also become involved in data collection and processing to further their understanding of photogrammetry and visualization. The use of 3-D imagery can make additional time available to instructors to cover more advanced topics and teach students more about the role of science in geologic research. We use an example from Cristo Rey, New Mexico, where dinosaur footprints and tracks are present but difficult to see in many cases, and they are often in places that are hard to access for many people. At this site, approximately 10 000 photographs were collected and processed as 3-D images to show one approximately 72 m2 area of known footprints. However, we also conducted some very simple digital manipulations of the images that allowed us to identify new footprints and tracks that were not apparent when viewed in the field. The photographs and 3-D images have been donated to the Insights El Paso Science Center (denoted Insights Museum herein) that owns the fossil site, and they are now being used to develop educational materials and lessons for the nearby communities.

scholarly journals 3D Documentation with TLS of Caliphal Gate (Ceuta, Spain)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5377
Author(s):  
Rubén Pérez-Álvarez ◽  
Julio Manuel de Luis-Ruiz ◽  
Raúl Pereda-García ◽  
Gema Fernández-Maroto ◽  
Beatriz Malagón-Picón
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Portable Document Format ◽  
Interactive Applications ◽  
3D Documentation ◽  
Document Format

Three-dimensional surveying with a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) has implied a revolution in the field of 3D modeling, as this methodology provides detailed point-clouds with simplified processes of capture. In addition to the point-clouds, other outputs can be obtained, such as ortho-images, virtual itineraries, 2D cartography, and meshes, which implies a second avenue of multimedia products, such as 3D Portable Document Format (PDF) files and interactive applications. All these options are interesting for the management and broadcast of cultural heritage. The works that have been developed in this research are aimed at setting a workflow for the TLS surveying works and subsequent data management for the generation of a 3D model of the Caliphal Gate of Ceuta, which is considered as one of the most important medieval findings in Spain in recent years, and its immediate surroundings. This model and the different outputs that have been obtained from it allow for the continuation of the historiographic analysis of the complex, while documenting a partial stage in the development of the works of enhancement. In addition to this, these products are not only useful in terms of conservation studies or enhancement, as they are also suitable for the dissemination of the site. Special attention has been set on the paid suitable software for data management while generating the outputs, and for its application by the final users.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Three-Dimensional Portable Document Format (3D PDF) in Clinical Communication and Biomedical Sciences: Applications, Tools, and Protocols (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Newe ◽  
Linda Becker
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Portable Document Format ◽  
Scientific Meeting ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Clinical Communication ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Standard File Format ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Biomedical Publications ◽  
Document Format

BACKGROUND The Portable Document Format (PDF) is the standard file format for the communication of biomedical information via the Internet and for electronic scholarly publishing. Although PDF allows for the embedding of three-dimensional (3D) objects and although this technology has great potential for the communication of such data, it is not broadly used by the scientific community or by clinicians. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review was to provide an overview of existing publications that apply 3D PDF technology and the protocols and tools for the creation of model files and 3D PDFs for scholarly purposes to demonstrate the possibilities and the ways to use this technology. METHODS A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles searched for were in English, peer-reviewed with biomedical reference, published since 2005 in a journal or presented at a conference or scientific meeting. Ineligible articles were removed after screening. The found literature was categorized into articles that (1) applied 3D PDF for visualization, (2) showed ways to use 3D PDF, and (3) provided tools or protocols for the creation of 3D PDFs or necessary models. Finally, the latter category was analyzed in detail to provide an overview of the state of the art. RESULTS The search retrieved a total of 902 items. Screening identified 200 in-scope publications, 13 covering the use of 3D PDF for medical purposes. Only one article described a clinical routine use case; all others were pure research articles. The disciplines that were covered beside medicine were many. In most cases, either animal or human anatomies were visualized. A method, protocol, software, library, or other tool for the creation of 3D PDFs or model files was described in 19 articles. Most of these tools required advanced programming skills and/or the installation of further software packages. Only one software application presented an all-in-one solution with a graphical user interface. CONCLUSIONS The use of 3D PDF for visualization purposes in clinical communication and in biomedical publications is still not in common use, although both the necessary technique and suitable tools are available, and there are many arguments in favor of this technique. The potential of 3D PDF usage should be disseminated in the clinical and biomedical community. Furthermore, easy-to-use, standalone, and free-of-charge software tools for the creation of 3D PDFs should be developed.

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