Ozonation of Chrysene:  Evaluation of Byproduct Mixtures and Identification of Toxic Constituent

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Luster-Teasley ◽  
J. J. Yao ◽  
H. H. Herner ◽  
J. E. Trosko ◽  
S. J. Masten
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Constituent

Microsomal cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of hypaconitine, an active and highly toxic constituent derived from Aconitum species

2011 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Ye ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Caihua Yang ◽  
Lan Tang ◽  
Juan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Microsomal Cytochrome ◽  
Microsomal Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Toxic Constituent

Cytotoxic Screening of Medicinal and Edible Plants in Okinawa, Japan, and Identification of the Main Toxic Constituent ofRhodea japonica(Omoto)

2003 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1401-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiya MASUDA ◽  
Yasuo OYAMA ◽  
Natsuko YAMAMOTO ◽  
Chisato UMEBAYASHI ◽  
Hiromi NAKAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Edible Plants ◽  
Toxic Constituent

Acromelic acid C. A new toxic constituent of clitocybe acromelalga : An efficient isolation of acromelic acids

1990 ◽  
Vol 31 (27) ◽  
pp. 3901-3904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinji Fushiya ◽  
Seiichi Sato ◽  
Toshiyuki Kanazawa ◽  
Genjiro Kusano ◽  
Shigeo Nozoe
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Constituent

Terpenoid chemistry. XVII. ( - )-Ngaoine, a toxic constituent of Myoporum deserti. The absolute configuration of ( - )-Ngaione

1970 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
BF Hegarty ◽  
JR Kelly ◽  
RJ Park ◽  
MD Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Optically Active ◽  
Unsaturated Ketone ◽  
Unsaturated Ketones ◽  
Chemical Race ◽  
Toxic Constituent

Varieties of the shrub Myoporum deserti A. Cunn. (Ellangowan poison bush), which causes heavy losses of stock in inland Australia, yield at least nine different essential oils, most of which are toxic. One oil from plant material of the Longreach chemical race from Blackall, Clermont, Hannaford, Longreach, Meandarra, Moree, and Roma contains the toxic furanoid sesquiterpene ketone, (-)-ngaione, as the principal constituent while two others (the Mitchell and the Blackall races) contain lesser proportions of ngaione. (-)-Ngaione comprises over half of the essential oil of a "greenish leaf" variety of Eremophila latrobei F. Nuell. and a low proportion of the oil of a "silver leaf" variety of the same species. The trans isomer of ngaione [(-)-epingaione], present in low concentration in some of these essential oils, is formed from ( -)-ngaione during fractional distillation or more rapidly by base-catalysed epimerization. "Isongaione acetate" prepared from (-)-ngaione by treatment with acetic anhydride-sodium acetate is shown to be a mixture of a, β- and β, γ-unsaturated ketones and obtainable in optically active form contrary to literature statements. Oxidation of the optically active β,γ-unsaturated ketone yields (-) acetylmalic acid from which it follows that (-)-ngaione is l(S),4(R)-β-(4,8-dimethyl-6-oxo-1,4-epoxynonyl)furan, ipomeamarone is the 1(R),4(S) enantiomer, and (-)-epingaione is the 1(S),4(S) isomer.

9, 21-Didehydroryanodine: a new principal toxic constituent of the botanical insecticide Ryania

1984 ◽  
pp. 1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Waterhouse ◽  
Ian Holden ◽  
John E. Casida
Keyword(s):  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
New Principal ◽  
Toxic Constituent

THE CHEMISTRY OF A TOXIC CONSTITUENT OF XANTHOCEPHALUM SPECIES*

2006 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 737-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted N. Shaver ◽  
Bennie J. Camp ◽  
J. W. Dollahite
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Constituent

scholarly journals ​The Nutritional Facts of Bamboo Shoots have a Potential and Prospects for Utilization as a Health Food: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Singh ◽  
Mamta Rathore ◽  
H.G. Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Meat Products ◽  
Traditional Food ◽  
Bamboo Shoot ◽  
Health Food ◽  
North East ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
The People ◽  
Bamboo Shoots ◽  
Toxic Constituent ◽  
Nutritional Facts

In Indian tradition, bamboo shoot plays an important role in the traditional food of North East State of India. In India, it is used in the traditional food name as ushoi, soibum, rep, mesu, eup, hirring, etc. In the market, this crop fibre is applied in the bakery and meat products. It has lots of health benefits to the human because it is nutritionally important that contain huge amount of protein, carbohydrate, vitamin, fibre, minerals and very trace amount of fat. Mostly its shoot may be consumed as a food either in fresh form or canned form. The main aimed to study the bamboo shoot could be helpful in mitigating the problem of malnutrition and food security and boost immune system are the major challenges for humanity which facing during Covid-19 pandemic situation. The role of bamboo is increasing day-to-day. Due to the present of phytosterols and rich amount of fibre, it becomes nutraceuticals and apply as natural medicine in several diseases. In recent time, the people are aware to improve their immunity to fight against such type of diseases-to improve the digestion and appetite and recover weight or loss, to cure cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer. The part of this crop mainly shoot has important role in the anticancer, antibacterial and also antiviral diseases. The bamboo smell is very strong due to the presence of phenolic compounds. In Tripura, new event are discovered such as bamboo shoot fortified cookies as a healthy snack. So that its unique characteristics, bamboo is known as miracle plant and green gold. It play an important role in the secondary metabolize formation, so that its taste is slightly acidic. Various bamboo shoot processing methods, effect of cooking, technological methods for removal of toxic constituent in shoots have also been discussed.

Circadian clock regulates hepatotoxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii through modulation of metabolism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Zhao ◽  
Yongbin Tong ◽  
Danyi Lu ◽  
Baojian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Diurnal Rhythm ◽  
Clock Gene ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Tripterygium Wilfordii ◽  
Circadian Expression ◽  
Circadian Time ◽  
Toxic Constituent

Abstract Objectives We aimed to determine the diurnal rhythm of Tripterygium wilfordii (TW) hepatotoxicity and to investigate a potential role of metabolism and pharmacokinetics in generating chronotoxicity. Methods Hepatotoxicity was determined based on assessment of liver injury after dosing mice with TW at different circadian time points. Circadian clock control of metabolism, pharmacokinetics and hepatotoxicity was investigated using Clock-deficient (Clock−/−) mice. Key findings Hepatotoxicity of TW displayed a significant circadian rhythm (the highest level of toxicity was observed at ZT2 and the lowest level at ZT14). Pharmacokinetic experiments showed that oral gavage of TW at ZT2 generated higher plasma concentrations (and systemic exposure) of triptolide (a toxic constituent) compared with ZT14 dosing. This was accompanied by reduced formation of triptolide metabolites at ZT2. Loss of Clock gene sensitized mice to TW-induced hepatotoxicity and abolished the time-dependency of toxicity that was well correlated with altered metabolism and pharmacokinetics of triptolide. Loss of Clock gene also decreased Cyp3a11 expression in mouse liver and blunted its diurnal rhythm. Conclusions Tripterygium wilfordii chronotoxicity was associated with diurnal variations in triptolide pharmacokinetics and circadian expression of hepatic Cyp3a11 regulated by circadian clock. Our findings may have implications for improving TW treatment outcome with a chronotherapeutic approach.

The toxic constituent of Indigofera endecaphylla

1955 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anson R. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Constituent

scholarly journals Engineering Microbial Consortia towards Bioremediation

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 2928
Author(s):  
Xianglong Li ◽  
Shanghua Wu ◽  
Yuzhu Dong ◽  
Haonan Fan ◽  
Zhihui Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ecological Mechanisms ◽  
Toxic Constituent ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Hazardous Compounds

Bioremediation is a sustainable remediation technology as it utilizes microorganisms to convert hazardous compounds into their less toxic or non-toxic constituent elements. This technology has achieved some success in the past decades; however, factors involving microbial consortia, such as microbial assembly, functional interactions, and the role of member species, hinder its development. Microbial consortia may be engineered to reconfigure metabolic pathways and reprogram social interactions to get the desired function, thereby providing solutions to its inherent problems. The engineering of microbial consortia is commonly applied for the commercial production of biomolecules. However, in the field of bioremediation, the engineering of microbial consortia needs to be emphasized. In this review, we will discuss the molecular and ecological mechanisms of engineering microbial consortia with a particular focus on metabolic cross-feeding within species and the transfer of metabolites. We also discuss the advantages and limitations of top-down and bottom-up approaches of engineering microbial consortia and their applications in bioremediation.

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