Second Wien Effect in Aqueous Mercuric Chloride Solution

1963 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 636-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Eigen ◽  
Edward M. Eyring
Keyword(s):  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Mercuric Chloride Solution ◽  
Wien Effect

The Takata Reaction on the Cerebro-Spinal Fluid in Syphilis of the Nervous System

1938 ◽  
Vol 84 (349) ◽  
pp. 378-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Fleischhacker
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Spinal Fluid ◽  
Mercuric Chloride Solution

The Takata reaction (1) consists in the production of a flocculation or opacity in fluids on the addition of alkaline mercuric chloride solution. It has been modified and applied to the cerebro-spinal fluid (Takata-Ara (2)), and found to be positive mainly in cases of syphilis of the nervous system. Various modifications in the technique have been described, e.g., Jezler (3) and Ginkel (4), but in the following investigations on 177 specimens of cerebrospinal fluid Ucko's (5) modification of the reaction on serum, whereby the reaction time is reduced from 24 hours to 90 minutes, has been further modified by the author to permit of its application to the cerebro-spinal fluid.

Effects of preservatives and acidification on the stable isotope ratios (15N:14N, 13C:12C) of two species of marine animals

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 2181-2185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith L Bosley ◽  
Sam C Wainright
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratios ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Preservation Methods ◽  
Mercuric Chloride Solution

When animal tissues are prepared for stable isotope ratio analysis, they may or may not be treated with acid prior to analysis to remove carbonates and are loaded into tin or silver weigh boats for quantitative combustion. The effects of these methodological variations are poorly known. The effects of various preservation methods on isotopic compositions are also poorly known. We tested the effects of four preservation methods, (i) formalin, (ii) formalin followed by a transfer to ethanol (formalin/EtOH), (iii) saturated mercuric chloride solution, and (iv) freezing/freeze-drying, on the carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of the muscle tissue of juvenile winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) and the tails (including exoskeleton) of mud shrimp (Crangon septemspinosa). Freezing and freeze-drying were the only preservation methods that did not affect stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen. Formalin, formalin/EtOH, and saturated mercuric chloride solution produced significant increases in δ15N values (0.5-1.4‰) and decreases in δ13C values (0.6-2.3‰) compared with frozen samples. There was also an increase in the variability of δ15N and (or) δ13C values. We also tested the effects of acidification by comparing samples that were acidified either by fuming with concentrated HCl or by the direct application of 1 N HCl containing 1.0% platinum chloride (a combustion catalyst) to unacidified samples. Neither concentrated HCl fumes nor HCl/platinum chloride had a significant effect on the δ15N or δ13C values of either species compared with unacidified samples. Therefore, acidification may be unnecessary in the preparation of some marine animals. Finally, we compared the effects of two types of sample boats: tin and silver. We found no significant effect of boat material on the δ15N or δ13C values of either species.

scholarly journals Notes on the fifty operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-504
Author(s):  
A. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Abdominal Wound ◽  
Absolute Alcohol ◽  
Sulfuric Ether ◽  
Mercuric Chloride Solution ◽  
Entire Thickness ◽  
Boiled Water

At the beginning of his report, the author describes in detail the environment in which he operates. The instruments immediately before the operation are boiled in water for 5 minutes, toothed instruments (tweezers, etc.) are calcined on an alcohol lamp; during the operation, they lie in boiled water. For seams, silk is used, boiled in a 5% carbolic solution and stored in a mixture of equal parts of a 1% (? Ref.) Solution of mercuric chloride and absolute alcohol; is used to apply a catgut disinfected previously lying in the course of 12 hours 0.1% mercuric chloride solution and then kept for several days in a mixture of 1 part ol juniperi and 2 parts alcohol. Sponges are rarely used - they are replaced by tampons from aseptic gauze, which are put into 1/2 solution of mercuric chloride at the time of the operation. The operator and his four assistants put on decontaminated rubber aprons; the sleeves are rolled up above the elbows; hands are washed with green soap and a brush, then with absolute alcohol and mercuric chloride solution. The patient is given a general bath on the eve of the operation and a laxative is given; then, when it is already chloroformed, the hair on mons Veneris is shaved off, the abdominal wall is thoroughly washed with green soap with a brush, sulfuric ether and 1 solution of mercuric chloride. After that, during the operation itself, the author does not use any disinfectant liquids; the abdominal cavity, if necessary, is washed with boiled water. After the operation, the edges of the abdominal wound are washed with mercuric chloride and pulverized with idoform; then sutures are applied, 3-4 deep, covering the entire thickness of the abdominal walls, and many superficial.

Postoperative Mercury Poisoning

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Cross ◽  
I. M. Dale ◽  
H. L. Elliot ◽  
H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Peritoneal Lavage ◽  
Mercury Poisoning ◽  
Mercuric Chloride Solution

Three mercury poisonings (two fatal), following the use of mercuric chloride solution for peritoneal lavage during operations for the removal of cancerous growths, are described. The concentrations of mercury measured in the tissues from these cases are consistent with those found in poisoning by injection, inhalation and ingestion.

Evaluation of Electron Capture Gas Chromatographic Method for Determination of Methyl Mercury in Freezer-Case Seafoods

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-717
Author(s):  
George H Alvarez ◽  
George H Hight ◽  
Stephen G Capar
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Electron Capture ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Methyl Mercury ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Mercuric Chloride Solution ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Method

Abstract A method was recently adopted by AOAC for determination of methylbound mercury in canned and fresh-frozen seafood by electron capture gas chromatography. That method was applied to the analysis of commercially prepared freezer-case seafoods. None of the commercially added ingredients produced electron capture responses that interfered in the analysis for methyl mercury. Recoveries of 95.7-114% were obtained in fortification studies of methyl mercury at 0.2 and 1.0 ppm levels. The applicability of aqueous methyl mercuric chloride solution for fortification studies was demonstrated.

The Fine Structure Produced in Cells by Primary Fixatives

1963 ◽  
Vol s3-104 (65) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
JOHN R. BAKER ◽  
BARBARA M. LUKE
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Zymogen Granules ◽  
Electron Dense Material ◽  
Mouse Pancreas ◽  
Exocrine Cells ◽  
Mercuric Chloride Solution

The exocrine cells of the mouse pancreas were fixed in mercuric chloride solution, embedded in plexigum, and examined by electron microscopy. The cytoplasm was found to be coagulated as a continuous substance containing innumerable subspherical cavities, mostly between 40 and 200 mµ in diameter and separate from one another. The zymogen granules were preserved, but no trace remained of mitochondria or Golgi apparatus. The nuclear sap was coagulated as a coarse network with thickenings at the nodes. Lumps of electron-dense material (? DNA) were present at the periphery of the nucleus and round the nucleolus. The proteins of the cell appear to have been fixed by mercuric chloride, but the membranous constituents, which rely for their form on a phospholipid component, are not clearly recognizable. The lipids have presumably been lost during dehydration and embedding.

scholarly journals Developmental Time, Mortality and Weight of Immature FIeshfIy Bercaea cruentata (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) Larvae Exposed to Mercury

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
F.A.M. AI-Misned
Keyword(s):  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Mercuric Chloride Solution ◽  
Males And Females

The total developmental time of the fleshfly, Bercaea cruentata (Meigen) reared on ground beef media treated with mercuric chloride solution (Hg concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ug/g dry ground beef), from first-instar larvae to adult was 20.5, 20.5, 20.9, 20.9, 20.9 and 21.1 days and 20.3, 20.3, 20.7, 20.4, 20.5 and 20.8 days for males and females, respectively. There was no significant correlation (p > 0.05) between mercury concentrations and developmental time (larvae, pupae and total), mortality (larvae, pupae and total) and weights (pupae and adults). The immature stages of the fleshfly B. cruentata proved to be highly tolerant to mercury.

scholarly journals On the Colorimetric Determination of pH in Sea-Water

1931 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Gómez Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Buffer Solutions ◽  
Mercuric Chloride Solution ◽  
Small Correction ◽  
Air Space ◽  
Board Ship

1. It is not always feasible to determine pH on board ship, owing to bad light and other conditions, although it may be possible to collect water samples.2. By preserving the water samples on collection with mercuric chloride solution (four drops per 100 c.c. of water) and by taking care to leave only a small air-space in the bottles it is possible to keep the water practically unchanged for many days.3. Test tubes containing such water (10 c.c.) plus 0·02% cresol red (0·5 c.c.) have been-kept unchanged for three weeks at 12–14° C. and for two days at 33° C, whereas unpreserved water showed a drop in pH of 0·05 unit in one day at 12° C.4. McClendon buffer solutions may also be preserved by mercuric chloride, but in this case a small correction must be applied since complex formation leads to a removal of effective buffer salts from the solution and a small decrease in pH.

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