Type III Surface Tension Curves with Minimum in Dilute Solution in Pure Hydrocarbons

1940 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 989-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. L. McBain ◽  
L. H. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Tension Curves

Article

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Catherine E Drennan ◽  
Rachelle J Hughes ◽  
Vincent C Reinsborough ◽  
Oladega O Soriyan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Mixed Micelles ◽  
Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Surfactant Solution ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Stopped Flow ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Surfactant Micelles

Kinetic studies through stopped-flow spectroscopy were undertaken in the dilute solution range of anionic surfactants where pronounced rate enhancement or inhibition of Ni2+-ligand complexations is often observed at surfactant concentrations much below the critical micelle concentration (CMC). The results are interpreted in terms of Ni-surfactant micelles as the agents responsible for the rate changes in dilute surfactant solution. At higher surfactant concentrations these micelles are transformed into mixed micelles (counterion and size changes), eventually becoming normal surfactant micelles close to the CMC. Surface tension, dye solubility, conductivity, and fluorescent probe investigations support this interpretation.Key words: micellar catalysis, sodium dodecyl sulfate, micelles, critical micelle concentration, premicelles, Ni2+-ligand complexations.

Isothermes of Grain Boundary Tension and Grain Boundary Adsorption in Cu-Sn System

2006 ◽  
Vol 258-260 ◽  
pp. 427-432
Author(s):  
Danil V. Vaganov ◽  
Sergei Zhevnenko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Free Surface ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Boundary Surface ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Tin Alloys ◽  
Tension Free

Grain boundary surface tension and surface tension of free surface for pure copper and copper-tin alloys are measured. On the base of these data isothermes of grain boundary tension, free surface tension and isothermes of adsorption are constructed in assumption of a dilute solution.

scholarly journals Surface tension of O2-Ar, N2-Ar and O2-N2-Ar mixtures

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Mauricio García-Martínez ◽  
Benjamín Ibarra-Tandi ◽  
Daniel Porfirio Luis-Jiménez ◽  
Jorge López-Lemus
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Force Fields ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Binary And Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Experimental Surface ◽  
Argon Mixture ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Tension Curves ◽  
Good Agreement

The surface tension of some binary and ternary mixtures was calculated by means of molecular dynamics simulations in a canonical set. The analyzed mixtures were oxygen-argon, nitrogen-argon and oxygen-nitrogen-argon. The force field for argon was recalculated in order to reproduce the experimental surface tension. The corresponding force fields for O2 and N2 were taken from a previous work [Mol. Simul. 45 (2019) 958-966], where it was shown that such force fields reproduce the experimental surface tension curves, as pure fluids. The nitrogen-argon surface tension was calculated for several mole fractions of argon. The obtained curve was compared with those experimental data and a good agreement was found. The standard Lorentz-Berthelot combining rules were employed. For the oxygen-argon mixture it was necessary to modify the cross term of the combining rules in order to reproduce theoretical and experimental data. The surface tension of the ternary mixture was also estimated varying the mole fraction of argon at a certain concentration of oxygen and nitrogen, previously adjusted. Several temperatures were used in order to show a tendency mostly at relatively low temperatures. After comparing the available experimental data, which are scarce, a good agreement was observed.

scholarly journals Adsorption of lauryl sulphonic acid in the surface of its aqueous solution, and the Gibbs theorem

1940 ◽  
Vol 174 (958) ◽  
pp. 286-298 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Sulphonic Acid ◽  
The Other ◽  
Absolute Amount ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Exposed Surface ◽  
No Adsorption ◽  
Interferometer Method ◽  
Negative Adsorption

The absolute amount of adsorption per square centimetre of exposed surface of a solution may be measured with certainty and with moderate accuracy. In the microtome method (McBain and Humphreys 1932; McBain and Swain 1936; McBain, Ford and Mills 1940) the quiescent surface is cut from a solution in complete equilibrium with its vapour, collected, and analysed. In the interferometer method (Ford and McBain 1936; McBain, Mills and Ford 1940) a similar surface in equilibrium is compressed into the bulk of the liquid in the path of an interferometer beam which measures excess coming from the known surface destroyed. Both methods applied to solutions of lauryl sulphonic acid, C 12 H 25 SO 3 H, agree in showing strong positive adsorption over the whole range of concentrations. On the other hand, the curve of surface tension with concentration is of Type III, showing very great lowering in extreme dilution, leading immediately to a minimum, followed by a definite rise to a shallow maximum, with a slight decrease of this already low value with further concentration. The Gibbs theorem demands an initial positive adsorption of the acid, followed by no adsorption at all where the surface tension is most lowered, followed by strong negative adsorption, then zero adsorption, still in dilute solution with very low surface tension, followed by slight positive adsorption.

Isothermes of Surface and Grain Boundary Tension of Cu-Based Alloys with Sb, Sn, In

2008 ◽  
Vol 273-276 ◽  
pp. 608-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny I. Gershman ◽  
Sergei Zhevnenko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Free Energies

Grain boundary and surface tension for pure copper and copper-based alloys with Sb, Sn and In are measured by zero creep method. On the base of these and literature data, using the Shyshkovsky equation for a dilute solution, the isothermes of surface tension and grain boundary tension are constructed in Cu-based alloys with Sb, Sn, In and also Bi and Au. It is shown that all solutes are active on the surface tension of copper. The free energies of adsorption are negative and decrease in a following consequence: Bi, Sb, Sn, In, and Au.

Study of the adsorption of anti-wear additives on the surface of butosyl in oil dispersions

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
E.V. Golovanova ◽  
◽  
I.R. Tatur ◽  
S.I. Tverdokhleb ◽  
D.I. Moskalenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Dispersion Medium ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Industrial Oil ◽  
Reference Medium ◽  
The Media ◽  
Plastic Lubricants ◽  
Tension Curves ◽  
Tribological Parameters

The method for evaluating the adsorption capacity of surfactants for plastic lubricants on inorganic thickener, such as silica gel, bentonite, carbon black, colloidal graphite, and others was proposed. The Gibbs adsorption values were calculated based on surface tension curves of samples in oil media, and the adsorption isotherms for each of the media were plotted based on the calculated data. According to the results of the study of the surface tension and refractive index of DF-11 additive solutions in heptane, it was found that 1% of the mass goes to fill the butosil surface, and the rest of its amount remains in the volume. But for the A-22 additive in the reference medium, the filling of the butosil surface occurs at a concentration of 2 % mass. It is shown that the additive A-22 should be used at higher concentrations than DF-11 to improve tribological parameters of silica gel lubricants. It was found that use of butasil based silica-gel grease the mixture of the industrial oil I-40A and PMS-400 as a dispersion medium, allows to reduce concentration of DF-11 and A-22 additives.

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