PρTBehavior of a Lean Synthetic Natural Gas Mixture Using Magnetic Suspension Densimeters and an Isochoric Apparatus: Part I

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Atilhan ◽  
S. Aparicio ◽  
S. Ejaz ◽  
D. Cristancho ◽  
K. R. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Magnetic Suspension ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas ◽  
Apparatus Part

p–ρ–TBehavior of Three Lean Synthetic Natural Gas Mixtures Using a Magnetic Suspension Densimeter and Isochoric Apparatus from (250 to 450) K with Pressures up to 150 MPa: Part II

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 3766-3774 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Atilhan ◽  
S. Aparicio ◽  
S. Ejaz ◽  
D. Cristancho ◽  
I. Mantilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Magnetic Suspension ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas

Measurement and correlation of the volumetric properties of a synthetic natural gas mixture

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Mollerup ◽  
Per Angelo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Volumetric Properties ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas

Hydrate Formation of a Synthetic Natural Gas Mixture in Aqueous Solutions Containing Electrolyte, Methanol, and (Electrolyte + Methanol)

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hai Mei ◽  
Jian Liao ◽  
Ji-Tao Yang ◽  
Tian-Min Guo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas

scholarly journals Green energy recovery by blending treated biogas into town gas pipeline networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Mario Ho Tak Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas ◽  
Pipeline Networks

Biogas can be converted into treated biogas or synthetic natural gas, which can be blended into town gas pipeline network at a designed mixing ratio. Specific gravity and calorific value of biogas are adjusted to satisfy gas safety and quality standard. Carbon dioxide pressure swing adsorption is selected and applied for specific gravity reduction and calorific value enrichment. 95% nitrogen, defined according to the flammability plot, is mixed with biogas for tuning the calorific value at the end of the process end. Gas interchangeability of the gas mixture of treated biogas and town gas was predicted by using maximum combustion potential (MCP) chart and their maximum mixing ratio for safe use was indicated. Gas interchangeability of the gas mixture was tested to confirm the prediction. The South East New Territories Processing Facilities were designed and built according to the above principle, and has been in operation to convert biogas into synthetic natural gas successfully since 2017.

scholarly journals Investigation of Co–Fe–Al Catalysts for High-Calorific Synthetic Natural Gas Production: Pilot-Scale Synthesis of Catalysts

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Tae Young Kim ◽  
Seong Bin Jo ◽  
Jin Hyeok Woo ◽  
Jong Heon Lee ◽  
Ragupathy Dhanusuraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas ◽  
Co Conversion ◽  
Ft Ir

Co–Fe–Al catalysts prepared using coprecipitation at laboratory scale were investigated and extended to pilot scale for high-calorific synthetic natural gas. The Co–Fe–Al catalysts with different metal loadings were analyzed using BET, XRD, H2-TPR, and FT-IR. An increase in the metal loading of the Co–Fe–Al catalysts showed low spinel phase ratio, leading to an improvement in reducibility. Among the catalysts, 40CFAl catalyst prepared at laboratory scale afforded the highest C2–C4 hydrocarbon time yield, and this catalyst was successfully reproduced at the pilot scale. The pelletized catalyst prepared at pilot scale showed high CO conversion (87.6%), high light hydrocarbon selectivity (CH4 59.3% and C2–C4 18.8%), and low byproduct amounts (C5+: 4.1% and CO2: 17.8%) under optimum conditions (space velocity: 4000 mL/g/h, 350 °C, and 20 bar).

CO2 valorization into synthetic natural gas (SNG) using a Co–Ni bimetallic Y2O3 based catalysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radwa A. El-Salamony ◽  
Sara A. El-Sharaky ◽  
Seham A. Al-Temtamy ◽  
Ahmed M. Al-Sabagh ◽  
Hamada M. Killa
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas ◽  
Methanation Reaction ◽  
Co2 Valorization

Abstract Recently, because of the increasing demand for natural gas and the reduction of greenhouse gases, interests have focused on producing synthetic natural gas (SNG), which is suggested as an important future energy carrier. Hydrogenation of CO2, the so-called methanation reaction, is a suitable technique for the fixation of CO2. Nickel supported on yttrium oxide and promoted with cobalt were prepared by the wet-impregnation method respectively and characterized using SBET, XRD, FTIR, XPS, TPR, and HRTEM/EDX. CO2 hydrogenation over the Ni/Y2O3 catalyst was examined and compared with Co–Ni/Y2O3 catalysts, Co% = 10 and 15 wt/wt. The catalytic test was conducted with the use of a fixed-bed reactor under atmospheric pressure. The catalytic performance temperature was 350 °C with a supply of H2:CO2 molar ratio of 4 and a total flow rate of 200 mL/min. The CH4 yield was reached 67%, and CO2 conversion extended 48.5% with CO traces over 10Co–Ni/Y2O3 catalyst. This encourages the direct methanation reaction mechanism. However, the reaction mechanism over Ni/Y2O3 catalyst shows different behaviors rather than that over bi-metal catalysts, whereas the steam reforming of methane reaction was arisen associated with methane consumption besides increase in H2 and CO formation; at the same temperature reaction.

Evaluation of hydrogen related degradation of API X42 pipeline under hydrogen/natural gas mixture conditions using small punch test

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 102961
Author(s):  
Thanh Tuan Nguyen ◽  
Jong Seo Park ◽  
Seung Hoon Nahm ◽  
Un Bong Beak
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Small Punch Test ◽  
Small Punch ◽  
Punch Test

scholarly journals Influence of Ni on Fe and Co-Fe Based Catalysts for High-Calorific Synthetic Natural Gas

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
Tae-Young Kim ◽  
Seongbin Jo ◽  
Yeji Lee ◽  
Suk-Hwan Kang ◽  
Joon-Woo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Ni Catalysts ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas ◽  
Fe Catalyst ◽  
Ni Addition ◽  
Hydrocarbon Yield ◽  
Fe Catalysts

Fe-Ni and Co-Fe-Ni catalysts were prepared by the wet impregnation method for the production of high-calorific synthetic natural gas. The influence of Ni addition to Fe and Co-Fe catalyst structure and catalytic performance was investigated. The results show that the increasing of Ni amount in Fe-Ni and Co-Fe-Ni catalysts increased the formation of Ni-Fe alloy. In addition, the addition of nickel to the Fe and Co-Fe catalysts could promote the dispersion of metal and decrease the reduction temperature. Consequently, the Fe-Ni and Co-Fe-Ni catalysts exhibited higher CO conversion compared to Fe and Co-Fe catalysts. A higher Ni amount in the catalysts could increase C1–C4 hydrocarbon production and reduce the byproducts (C5+ and CO2). Among the catalysts, the 5Co-15Fe-5Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst affords a high light hydrocarbon yield (51.7% CH4 and 21.8% C2–C4) with a low byproduct yield (14.1% C5+ and 12.1% CO2).

Membranes utilization for biogas upgrading to synthetic natural gas

2019 ◽  
pp. 245-274
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Medrano ◽  
Margot Anabell Llosa-Tanco ◽  
David Alfredo Pacheco Tanaka ◽  
Fausto Gallucci
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas
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