Konflikte um Erneuerbare-Energien-Anlagen im kommunalen Bereich

Given the key role of municipalities in the transformation of the energy system and observing the increased occurrence of conflicts about the construction of renewable energy plants, the author analyses conflicts relating to renewable energy plants from a sociological perspective. For this purpose, she undertakes three case studies on the construction of biogas and wind power plants, focusing in particular on the parties involved in the conflicts and their positions, perceptions, actions and potency. She shows that the conflicting parties were either in favour of the construction of the plants or advocated the preservation of the sites on which the plants were proposed to be built.

Characterizing power transformer frequency responses using bipolar pseudo-random current impulses

The behaviour of a power transformer is complex and difficult to predict during transient conditions or during operation at frequencies below or above its nominal frequency, a phenomenon common in renewable energy plants due to harmonic distortion. Furthermore, the accuracy of a power system simulation depends on the models of critical subsystems such as the power transformers. This paper presents the use of a unique excitation waveform comprising of pseudo-random current impulses to accurately identify the wideband characteristics of a power transformer. By injecting the excitation waveform to the relevant transformer terminals, frequency responses are determined by cross-correlation of the perturbation signal, and the measured response. Compared to the traditional transformer identification methods, the pseudo-random current impulses offer a wideband excitation with a higher degree of controllability such that its spectral energy can be focused in the frequency band of interest. The proposed method was investigated on a 16 kVA, 22 kV/240 V single-phase transformer. The obtained wideband frequency responses provide useful information in harmonic penetration and over-voltage studies and are also used to estimate, with a high degree of accuracy, the lumped parameters of the equivalent transformer broadband circuit model.

Plant LHC-like proteins show robust folding and static non-photochemical quenching

Life on Earth depends on photosynthesis, the conversion of light energy into chemical energy. Plants collect photons by light harvesting complexes (LHC)—abundant membrane proteins containing chlorophyll and xanthophyll molecules. LHC-like proteins are similar in their amino acid sequence to true LHC antennae, however, they rather serve a photoprotective function. Whether the LHC-like proteins bind pigments has remained unclear. Here, we characterize plant LHC-like proteins (LIL3 and ELIP2) produced in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (hereafter Synechocystis). Both proteins were associated with chlorophyll a (Chl) and zeaxanthin and LIL3 was shown to be capable of quenching Chl fluorescence via direct energy transfer from the Chl Qy state to zeaxanthin S1 state. Interestingly, the ability of the ELIP2 protein to quench can be acquired by modifying its N-terminal sequence. By employing Synechocystis carotenoid mutants and site-directed mutagenesis we demonstrate that, although LIL3 does not need pigments for folding, pigments stabilize the LIL3 dimer.

Development of Rose Model for Hybrid Renewable Energy Generation and Analysis of Carbon Foot Printing QOS Parameters

The risk presented by world-wide weather transformation is known and so the government panel about weather transformation prompts that guidelines need to be consider limiting world-wide median temperature boost. I expect effective strategies meant for the statistic and administration of GHG exhausts for aim for positioning and determining the accomplishment of climate change minimization activities. ‘Carbon footprints’ are progressively being acknowledged as an important signal in the arena of GHG and carbon exhausts supervision. During COVID-19 pandemic the GHG percentage dropped considerably for a moment worldwide, but there is an immense need of lowering carbon foot printing with development of new hybrid renewable energy sources. This paper presents the innovative development in the same direction by development of rose model for automation of energy plants to reach its installed capacity with identification of MPPT along with optimum ratio of demand-supply. Paper also presents the analysis of proposed developments.

The Impact of Electricity Price on Power-Generation Structure: Evidence From China

Being affected by a variety of factors, power-generation structure plays an essential role in a high-quality and sustainable development. The focus of this paper is to evaluate the influence of electricity price on it. First, we provide a microeconomic framework to understand the impact mechanism. We discuss two effects through which price level can affect power generation, and then the power-generation structure. After that, an empirical test is conducted using provincial panel data, and the results of it are robust. We also test the above-mentioned mechanism empirically. There are two main conclusions. First, the electricity price has a positive effect on the share of thermal power in electricity generation. Second, the mechanism test shows that an increase of electricity price can not only improve efficiency of power plants but also propel firms to invest in more renewable energy plants.