Dynamic Growth Rate Behavior of a Carbon Nanotube Forest Characterized by in Situ Optical Growth Monitoring

Nano Letters ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do-Hyung Kim ◽  
Hoon-Sik Jang ◽  
Chang-Duk Kim ◽  
Dong-Soo Cho ◽  
Hee-Sun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Rate Behavior ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Dynamic Growth Rate

scholarly journals On selection-regulated population dynamics in birds and mammals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Witting
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Dynamic ◽  
North American ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Breeding Bird ◽  
The North ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Dynamic Growth Rate

I use the North American Breeding Bird Survey (Sauer et al. 2017) to construct 462 population trajectories with about 50 yearly abundance estimates each. Applying AIC model-selection, I find that selection-regulated population dynamics is 25,000 (95%:0.42-1.7e17) times more probable than density-regulated growth. Selection is essential in 94% of the best models explaining 82% of the population dynamics variance across the North American continent. Similar results are obtained for 111, 215, and 420 populations of British birds (BTO 2020), Danish birds (DOF 2020), and birds and mammals in the Global Population Dynamic Database (GPDD 2010). The traditional paradigm---that the population dynamic growth rate is a function of the environment, with maximal per-capita growth at low population densities, and sub-optimal reproduction from famine at carrying capacities with strong competition for limited resources---is not supported. Selection regulation generates a new paradigm where the world is green and individuals are selected to survive and reproduce at optimal levels at population dynamic equilibria with sufficient resources. It is only the acceleration of the population dynamic growth rate, and not the growth rate itself, that is determined by the density-dependent environment, with maximal growth occurring at the densities of the population dynamic equilibrium.

Determination of anti-Aspergillus activity of antifungal agents based on the dynamic growth rate of a single hypha

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kibong Oh ◽  
Hideaki Matsuoka ◽  
Yasuyuki Nemoto ◽  
Osao Sumita ◽  
Kosuke Takatori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Single Hypha ◽  
Dynamic Growth Rate

Simulation of dynamic growth rate of focused ion beam-induced deposition using Hausdorff distance

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
Kang-In Lee ◽  
Hyun-Taek Lee ◽  
Ki-Hwan Jang ◽  
Sung-Hoon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Hausdorff Distance ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Dynamic Growth Rate

scholarly journals In situ giant clam growth rate behavior in relation to temperature: A one-year coupled study of high-frequency noninvasive valvometry and sclerochronology

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1940-1951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Schwartzmann ◽  
Gilles Durrieu ◽  
Mohamedou Sow ◽  
Pierre Ciret ◽  
Claire E. Lazareth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Giant Clam ◽  
Rate Behavior ◽  
One Year

The threshold energy for atom displacement in fcc metals

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
Wilfried Sigle ◽  
Matthias Hohenstein ◽  
Alfred Seeger
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Threshold Energy ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Atom Displacement ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Fcc Metal

Prolonged electron irradiation of metals at elevated temperatures usually leads to the formation of large interstitial-type dislocation loops. The growth rate of the loops is proportional to the total cross-section for atom displacement,which is implicitly connected with the threshold energy for atom displacement, Ed . Thus, by measuring the growth rate as a function of the electron energy and the orientation of the specimen with respect to the electron beam, the anisotropy of Ed can be determined rather precisely. We have performed such experiments in situ in high-voltage electron microscopes on Ag and Au at 473K as a function of the orientation and on Au as a function of temperature at several fixed orientations.Whereas in Ag minima of Ed are found close to <100>,<110>, and <210> (13-18eV), (Fig.1) atom displacement in Au requires least energy along <100>(15-19eV) (Fig.2). Au is thus the first fcc metal in which the absolute minimum of the threshold energy has been established not to lie in or close to the <110> direction.

IN SITU LASER ASSISTED DIAGNOSTICS ON GROWTH RATE OF THICK PACVD ORGANOSILICON FILMS

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Supiot ◽  
C. Vivien ◽  
M. Aimard ◽  
R. Sumera ◽  
B. Bocquet
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate

scholarly journals In situ formation of a carbon nanotube buckypaper for improving the interlaminar properties of carbon fiber composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 109535
Author(s):  
Yadong Wu ◽  
Xiuyan Cheng ◽  
Shaoyun Chen ◽  
Bo Qu ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
In Situ Formation

scholarly journals Supramolecular ionic polymer/carbon nanotube composite hydrogels with enhanced electromechanical performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 478-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Fei Zhang ◽  
Fei-Peng Du ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Ka-Wai Yeung ◽  
Yuqing Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Composite Hydrogels ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Electromechanical Performance ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Composite ◽  
Robotic Devices

AbstractElectroactive hydrogels have received increasing attention due to the possibility of being used in biomimetics, such as for soft robotics and artificial muscles. However, the applications are hindered by the poor mechanical properties and slow response time. To address these issues, in this study, supramolecular ionic polymer–carbon nanotube (SIPC) composite hydrogels were fabricated via in situ free radical polymerization. The polymer matrix consisted of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), styrene sulfonic sodium (SSNa), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-grafted acrylamide, and ferrocene (Fc)-grafted acrylamide, with the incorporation of SSNa serving as the ionic source. On applying an external voltage, the ions accumulate on one side of the matrix, leading to localized swelling and bending of the structure. Therefore, a controllable and reversible actuation can be achieved by changing the applied voltage. The tensile strength of the SIPC was improved by over 300%, from 12 to 49 kPa, due to the reinforcement effect of the CNTs and the supramolecular host–guest interactions between the β-CD and Fc moieties. The inclusion of CNTs not only improved the tensile properties but also enhanced the ion mobility, which lead to a faster electromechanical response. The presented electro-responsive composite hydrogel shows a high potential for the development of robotic devices and soft smart components for sensing and actuating applications.

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