The Rorschach and the Body

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Lottenberg Semer ◽  
Latife Yazigi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Object Relation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Object Representations ◽  
Complex Relation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rorschach Comprehensive System ◽  
Psychosomatic Aspects ◽  
The Mind

Introduction: The Rorschach has proved to be of value in studies addressing the mind-body relationship since it enhances the understanding of this complex relation and its repercussions. Objective: To use some aspects of the Rorschach to explore the mental representation of the body through the study of self-esteem in children with enuresis. Method: The Rorschach Comprehensive System was administrated to 26 children with enuresis and 26 children without enuresis (children of the same age and social class) and 10 selected variables were tested; the Concept of the Object Scale for assessing object representations (ORS) was also used. Results: There is a significant difference in the X+% and EGO, so the children with enuresis show low self-esteem and difficulties perceiving reality. As for ORS, the children without enuresis showed greater freedom to fantasize, to use their imagination, and to identify their emotions and anxieties. The children with enuresis exhibited a greater tendency toward fragmentation in the perception of the self and of others, thus, a partial object relation. Conclusions: The Concept of the Object Scale for assessing object representations proved to be a useful instrument to grasp the level of the child’s psychological development. The study of the psychosomatic aspects permits an identification of relations between the body and self-esteem.

Hedonism

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-188
Author(s):  
Voula Tsouna
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Complex Relation ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Comprehensive Account ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Theory Of Motivation

This chapter aims to give a fairly comprehensive account of Epicurean hedonism, highlighting its philosophical interest and its complex relation to rival doctrines. Evidence is used from relatively unexplored sources, in particular Philodemus and Diogenes of Oenoanda, as well as from Epicurus, his early associates, and Lucretius. The discussion will bring out the distinctive nature of Epicurean hedonism, its originality and sophistication, and its enduring core as well as its peripheral developments over time. The topics discussed include the following: Epicurus’s conception of the moral end and his theory of motivation; Epicurus’s conceptual amplification and defense of his hedonism (especially the controversial distinction between kinetic and katastematic pleasure, the claim that the removal of pain is the highest pleasure, and the respective roles of the body and the mind in the achievement of the supreme good); the Epicurean classification of desires and its ethical implications; and the unique importance of virtue in the rational pursuit of pleasure. Finally, the chapter considers some of the criticisms rehearsed by Cicero against Epicurean hedonism and discusses whether the Epicureans have sufficient resources to respond to them.

scholarly journals Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Benlik Saygısının Yordayıcısı Olarak Beden İmgesi Baş Etme Stratejileri

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
pp. 30-50
Author(s):  
Çiçek Nilsu VARLIKLAR DEMİRKAZIK
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study is to examine whether the body image coping strategies of university students in emerging adulthood affect their self-esteem. In line with sub-goals, it was also examined whether the variables showed a significant difference according to various demographic characteristics and social media usage attitudes. The research was designed as a cross-sectional research in the relational survey model, which is one of the quantitative research methods, one of the general survey model. The study group consist of a total of 105 students who are 1st year students in Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Department of Social Work (n=57) and Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation (n=48). Body Image Coping Strategies Inventory, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory and Personal Information Form were used as data collection tools. The data were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 21 program using statistical analyses method. The findings show that there is a significant difference between the participants’ self-esteem and their use of appearance correction strategy and their selfie-taking behaviors. There is a positive and low correlation between avoidance and self-esteem, and the avoidance variable was a significant predictor of self-esteem. As a result, the examination of the emerging adulthood was considered important fot the future of societies and the concepts of body image/self-esteem were evaluated together with the technological development.

scholarly journals Body Dissatisfaction and Self-Esteem in Female Students Aged 9-15: the Effects of Age, Family Income, Body Mass Index Levels and Dance Practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian A. Monteiro ◽  
Jefferson S. Novaes ◽  
Mara L. Santos ◽  
Helder M. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Good Internal Consistency

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the effects of age, family income, body mass index and dance practice on levels of body dissatisfaction and self-esteem in female students. The sample consisted of 283 female subjects attending a public school with a mean age of 11.51±1.60 years and a mean body mass index of 18.72 kg/m2 (SD=3.32). The instruments used were the Body Dissatisfaction Scale for Adolescents and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, both of which showed good internal consistency (0.77 and 0.81, respectively). The tests were applied (two-factor ANOVA) to compare the students practicing and those not practicing dance; the differences in the levels of body dissatisfaction (p=0.104) and self-esteem (p=0.09) were considered significant. The results demonstrated that age negatively correlated with body dissatisfaction (r=-0.19; p<0.01) and that higher body mass index levels were associated with greater body dissatisfaction (r=0.15, p=0.016) and lower levels of self-esteem (r=-0.17, p<0.01) only in non-practitioners. The practice of dance had a significant effect on levels of body dissatisfaction (F=4.79; p=0.030; η2=0.02), but there was no significant difference in self-esteem (F=1.88; p=0.172; η2=0.02). It can be concluded that female children and adolescents practicing dance have higher self-esteem, and are more satisfied with their body weight and their appearance. Moreover, results showed that self-esteem and body dissatisfaction were influenced by the body mass index levels only in the nonpractitioners group.

scholarly journals AB0754 THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON BODY COMPOSITION AND SELF-ESTEEM IN ADULTS WITH JUVENIL IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1405.1-1405
Author(s):  
R. De Oliveira ◽  
P. Julio ◽  
P. Fernandes ◽  
R. Marini ◽  
S. Appenzeller
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Significant Difference

Background:With improvement of treatment, long-term factors influencing quality of life have to be addressed in the care of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients.Objectives:To compare body composition, level of physical activity and self-esteem of adult patients with JIA with control group (CG).Methods:The levels of physical activity were analyzed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short version. The body composition data were collected using the Omrom HBF 514 C vertical electric bioimpedance device. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was used to assess positive and negative attitude and feelings about themselves, where the lower the score, the higher the individual’s self-esteem. For the statistical analysis of the data, the IBM SPSS software was used with a significance index of p <0.05.Results:We included 81 individuals >18 years, 38 with JIA and 43 healthy people. The female sex was the largest participant in this research, being. There was no significant difference regarding sex [female =28 (73.7%) in JIA and 26 (60.5%) in CG] and age of the groups (29.39 ± 7.6 vs. 31.1 ± 3.1, p = 0.18). The CG showed greater height and body weight (163.5 ± 9.8 vs. 169.6 ± 8.0, p<0.001; 63.07 ± 16.65 vs. 69.33 ± 6.88, p = 0.003, respectively), but no difference in Body Mass Index (BMI) was observed (24.32 ± 4.9 vs. 24.12 ± 2.09, p = 0.8). JIA had a higher percentage of total fat mass (31.65 ± 10.20 vs. 28.47 ± 4.9, p = 0.07), while the CG had a higher percentage of total muscle mass (29.7 ± 6.5 vs. 35.86 ± 6.05, p<0.001). The self-esteem of JIA patients was lower than in the CG (21 ± 3.9 vs. 16.26 ± 4.3, p<0.001). In the IPAQ classifications, JIA patients were classified as less physically active than the CG (2.63% vs. 20.93%, p = 0.022), less irregularly active (5.26% vs. 23.25, p = 0.023) and a higher level of sedentary lifestyle (65.78% vs. 25.58%, p<0.001). A higher percentage of muscle mass was associated with greater self-esteem (r=-0.3; p=0.01).Conclusion:The low practice of physical activities by patients with JIA seems to directly influence both, their body composition and their self-esteem. These patients should be encouraged to increase physical activity from an early age by a multiprofessional healthcare team to seek improvement their quality of life.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Burnout of the Mind – Burnout of the Body?

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Traunmüller ◽  
Kerstin Gaisbachgrabner ◽  
Helmut Karl Lackner ◽  
Andreas R. Schwerdtfeger
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urinary Catecholamines ◽  
Morning Cortisol ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Cortisol Increase

Abstract. In the present paper we investigate whether patients with a clinical diagnosis of burnout show physiological signs of burden across multiple physiological systems referred to as allostatic load (AL). Measures of the sympathetic-adrenergic-medullary (SAM) axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis were assessed. We examined patients who had been diagnosed with burnout by their physicians (n = 32) and were also identified as burnout patients based on their score in the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and compared them with a nonclinical control group (n = 19) with regard to indicators of allostatic load (i.e., ambulatory ECG, nocturnal urinary catecholamines, salivary morning cortisol secretion, blood pressure, and waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]). Contrary to expectations, a higher AL index suggesting elevated load in several of the parameters of the HPA and SAM axes was found in the control group but not in the burnout group. The control group showed higher norepinephrine values, higher blood pressure, higher WHR, higher sympathovagal balance, and lower percentage of cortisol increase within the first hour after awakening as compared to the patient group. Burnout was not associated with AL. Results seem to indicate a discrepancy between self-reported burnout symptoms and psychobiological load.

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