Covering Your Face on Facebook

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 166-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele M. Strano ◽  
Jill Wattai Queen
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Identity Management ◽  
Potential Model ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Identity ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Survey Results

This study examines the ways in which identity is managed on social networking sites through image suppression practices – namely, untagging and requesting deletion on Facebook. Goffman’s theory of impression management is used, focusing on his understudied ideas about how individuals respond to what others communicate about them, by controlling for information that is discrepant with their desired self-presentation. Data are reported from an exploratory set of qualitative interviews and an online quantitative survey. Results showed that many Facebook users engaged in suppression strategies, albeit infrequently. In addition, users were statistically more likely to not post a potentially damaging image than they were to untag it, and were more likely to untag it than to request that another user delete it. The authors suggest that one possibility is that users avoid more overt identity management strategies because they carry the risk of making users look duplicitous. A potential model is suggested that future research might test to develop a fuller understanding of online identity management.

scholarly journals Low Self-Esteem and Selfie Posting Among Young Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-168
Author(s):  
Roberta Biolcati
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Self-esteem is a critical factor in online impression management strategies and could play a crucial role in explaining women’s selfie-posting behaviours. Previous works examining relationships between self-esteem and self-presentation on social media have yielded controversial results. Objective: This study was performed to clarify the relationship between self-esteem and the frequency of taking and posting own, group and partner selfies on Social Networking Sites (SNS). Methods: A sample of 692 Italian young women (18-28 years old) completed questionnaires on self-esteem, satisfaction with life, body satisfaction and selfie posting bahaviours. The low self-esteem group was compared with the high self-esteem group. Results: Results showed that women with low self-esteem are more dissatisfied with their body image and life and significantly they post fewer types of selfies compared to women with high self-esteem. Conclusion: Findings from this study provide new insights into the relation between self-esteem and selfie impression management strategies.

Older and Younger Job Seekers' Impression Management on LinkedIn

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Franciska Krings ◽  
Irina Gioaba ◽  
Michèle Kaufmann ◽  
Sabine Sczesny ◽  
Leslie Zebrowitz
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Job Offers ◽  
Research Show

Abstract. The use of social networking sites such as LinkedIn in recruitment is ubiquitous. This practice may hold risks for older job seekers. Not having grown up using the internet and having learned how to use social media only in middle adulthood may render them less versed in online self-presentation than younger job seekers. Results of this research show some differences and many similarities between younger and older job seekers' impression management on their LinkedIn profiles. Nevertheless, independent of their impression management efforts, older job seekers received fewer job offers than younger job seekers. Only using a profile photo with a younger appearance reduced this bias. Implications for the role of job seeker age in online impression management and recruitment are discussed.

scholarly journals Testing the effect of historical representations on collective identity and action

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damilola Makanju ◽  
Andrew G Livingstone ◽  
Joseph Sweetman
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Identity Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
African History ◽  
Historical Representation ◽  
African People ◽  
African Context ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Historical Representations

Historical representation of collective identity offer means of influencing the extent to which group members engage in activities in line with the collective interests of their group vs. their own individual interests. This research tested the effect of different historical representations of the African people on Africans’ perceptions of African social identity and engagement in identity management strategies across two studies. In Study 1 (N = 162), we tested the effect of two historical representations: positive (prestigious precolonial African history and resistance to the colonial power) and negative (inhumane practices of precolonial Africans). In Study 2 (N = 431), we tested the effect of two historical representations: positive (prestigious precolonial African history) and negative factual (inhuman practices of precolonial Africans) while also making salient the ubiquitous historical representation of the African people (negative colonial-perspective) across all history conditions. We predicted that positive (vs. negative) historical representation would lead to more positive perceptions of African identity, which in turn would predict more collectively-oriented identity management strategies. Altogether, results provided no support for these predictions. We highlight methodological (and by extension theoretical) features – such as, psychological reactance and outgroup audience effect – which may have limited the effect of the manipulations to help inform the interpretation of the null findings obtained. We conclude by discussing other limitations and the theoretical implications of our work, before pointing out various avenues for future research to help us better test, and understand, the role of historical representation in the African context.

scholarly journals The effect of applicant’s impression management strategies on personality rating in interview

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-164
Author(s):  
SoHyun Park ◽  
TaeYong Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Big 5 ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Strategy Condition ◽  
Big 5 Personality

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of impression management strategies on Big 5 personality rating in interview. We made up four different videos that the same hypothetical applicant used different impression management strategies during the three minutes interview. The hypothetical applicant used a combination of the assertive strategy(high versus low) and non-verbal strategy(use versus no-use). The sixty-eight raters evaluated Big 5 personality traits of the applicant after they watched one of four videos(2 × 2 experimental conditions). It was found that the raters evaluated the applicant's emotional stability and openness were high when the applicant used high assertive strategy than low assertive strategy. Also, the raters evaluated the applicant was more extroverted, agreeable, conscientious, emotionally stable, open when the applicant used non-verbal strategy(such as eye-contact, smiling, and nodding) than not used. In addition, interaction effect between the assertive strategy(high versus low) and non-verbal strategy(use versus no-use) was found in the rating of emotional stability. Specifically, the simple main effect of assertive strategy was not strong when the applicant used non-verbal strategy. But the rater evaluated the applicant was more emotionally stable in high assertive strategy condition than low assertive strategy condition when the applicant not used non-verbal strategy. Finally, theoretical and practical implications, limitations of this study, and future research tasks were discussed.

scholarly journals Self-presentation in “unsuitable” resumes: A case from Serbia

Sociologija ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Simic ◽  
Milica Vukelic ◽  
Vesna Djordjevic
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Self Construal ◽  
Job Candidates ◽  
Employment Needs

The main goal of this research was to explore the ways people portray themselves in resumes, labelled as ?unsuitable? after the first review of the recruiters in a manufacturing company in Serbia. The form and the content of fifty resumes were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, inductive approach. Personal life stories described in an intimate and submissive tone were predominantly present in resumes, compared to the description of work experience and competencies. Concerning the content of the resumes, two core categories emerged - I as a worker and Employment needs. Finding support in the literature dealing with postsocialist transformation in Serbia and Hofstede?s theory, results are interpreted as pointing to the opposition of two value systems in Serbia: that of the authors of ?unsuitable? resumes, reflecting collectivistic and feminine values and that of the job market in Serbia, reflecting manly individualistic and masculine values. The authors of "unsuitable" resumes display interdependent self-construal, use defensive impression management strategies and their need to work is exclusively financial in nature. Finally, the need for better understanding between job candidates and employers, having different value systems, especially in the context of actual socio-economic changes in Serbia is discussed.

Communities, Communication, and Online Identities

2014 ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikko Jäkälä ◽  
Eleni Berki
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Identity Management ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Online Identity ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Online Identities

Social media and online communities offer increased possibilities for connection, interaction and participation but also new media with tools for self-presentation and identity management. Interacting anonymously or eponymously, having one, none or many identities online expresses richness in online communication. Contentious identities for communication are part of everyday online and offline interaction. The authors examine critically five types of online identity and analyse the differences, similarities, advantages, pitfalls, and disadvantages of using them. Examples illustrate the usage of these identity types, clarify possible misconceptions, and provide the reader with an improved understanding, increasing at the same time the usage awareness and knowledge on their distinctive features.

Facing Off on Twitter: A Generation Y Interpretation of Professional Athlete Profile Pictures

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Lebel ◽  
Karen Danylchuk
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Strategic Alignment ◽  
Positive Word ◽  
Professional Athlete ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Profile Pictures

This study investigated how professional athletes present themselves in their Twitter profile pictures and how athlete self-presentation is interpreted by a Generation Y audience (N = 206). Goffman’s theory of self-presentation guided the analysis with a specific focus on the notions of front- and backstage performances as they relate to impression-management strategies. Participants assessed a sample of profile photos of the most followed male and female athletes on Twitter by providing their first impressions of each athlete’s image and then evaluating photo favorability and effectiveness. This research provides evidence to suggest that individuals invest meaning in the social cues provided in athlete profile pictures. Athletes who highlighted a sport context were consistently ranked most favorably and effectively and were linked with positive word associations. These findings underscore the importance of a strategic alignment between social-media profile content, profile photos, and the brand established by athletes.

scholarly journals Inside out: Avatars as an indirect measure of ideal body self-presentation in females

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Thomas ◽  
Mark K. Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Body Image Scale ◽  
Ideal Body Image ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Body Self

Prior research has shown that individuals engage in impression management online, both in a social networking context and when using avatars. However, avatar creation research often directly asks participants about their creation motivations or primes a specific social context. Such direct methodologies potentially lead to biases which may give a distorted picture of how ideal characteristics are reflected in avatars. Our research used a less explicit measure to test for the expression of ideal body image during avatar creation. Female participants created two avatars in the virtual world of Second Life. For the first, participants were instructed to design an avatar that looked like themselves. For the second, participants were given no design restrictions and could design any avatar they wanted to. This first avatar acted as a baseline, to identify which attributes were the focus of change in the second. Avatar creation order was counterbalanced across participants. When given no design restrictions, participants who showed a desire to be thinner created avatars which had a lower body mass. This desire was measured after avatar creation using a standard body image scale. The generalizability of the results is discussed in the context of suggestions for future research utilising this paradigm.

Communities, Communication, and Online Identities

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikko Jäkälä ◽  
Eleni Berki
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Identity Management ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Online Identity ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Online Identities

Social media and online communities offer increased possibilities for connection, interaction and participation but also new media with tools for self-presentation and identity management. Interacting anonymously or eponymously, having one, none or many identities online expresses richness in online communication. Contentious identities for communication are part of everyday online and offline interaction. The authors examine critically five types of online identity and analyse the differences, similarities, advantages, pitfalls, and disadvantages of using them. Examples illustrate the usage of these identity types, clarify possible misconceptions, and provide the reader with an improved understanding, increasing at the same time the usage awareness and knowledge on their distinctive features.

Impression Management 2.0

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole C. Krämer ◽  
Stephan Winter
Keyword(s):  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Major Motive ◽  
The Relationship

Social networking sites like MySpace, Facebook, and StudiVZ are popular means of communicating personality. Recent theoretical and empirical considerations of homepages and Web 2.0 platforms show that impression management is a major motive for actively participating in social networking sites. However, the factors that determine the specific form of self-presentation and the extent of self-disclosure on the Internet have not been analyzed. In an exploratory study, we investigated the relationship between self-reported (offline) personality traits and (online) self-presentation in social networking profiles. A survey among 58 users of the German Web 2.0 site, StudiVZ.net, and a content analysis of the respondents’ profiles showed that self-efficacy with regard to impression management is strongly related to the number of virtual friends, the level of profile detail, and the style of the personal photo. The results also indicate a slight influence of extraversion, whereas there was no significant effect for self-esteem.

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