Attitude-Consistent Health Messages About Electronic Cigarettes Increase Processing Time

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelby Wilcox ◽  
Richard Huskey ◽  
David C. DeAndrea
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood ◽  
Message Processing ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Processing Times ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Online contexts are becoming a widely available space to disseminate health information and target specific populations for health campaigns. Limited evidence for health message engagement in these contexts exists. This study draws on the elaboration likelihood model and construal-level theory to predict processing time and recall when individuals are presented with messages for or against electronic cigarette use from socially close or distant sources. Participants ( N = 159) were shown messages about electronic cigarettes, designed to look like tweets, from socially close and socially distant message senders. Processing times were highest for pro-attitudinal messages while messages from socially close sources were more likely to be recalled, and furthering social distance increased the difference in processing times for pro- and counter-attitudinal messages. We demonstrate the applicability of behavioral measures in online studies, while finding that attitudes, social distance, and their interaction affect measures of message processing. These findings suggest further exploration may be needed to differentiate between processing time and counterarguing. From our findings, we offer applied practitioners guidance on how to develop messages that target audiences will spend more time considering and are more likely to remember.

Persuasive Communication from a Military Force to Local Civilians

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Yves Bergier ◽  
Colette Faucher
Keyword(s):  
Elaboration Likelihood Model ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Persuasive Communication ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood ◽  
Message Processing ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Asymmetric Conflicts ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Psychological Operations

Here is presented a model of message processing using one of the leading paradigms in social psychology of persuasion as main theoretical framework: the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM). Adapting this dual process theory to military context and actions and more specifically psychological operations in asymmetric conflicts allows developing a model taking into account many message characteristics as well as specific factors such as local culture of the audience. It focuses on measuring capacity and motivation of the agents to determine the effect of message sending on attitudes through a detailed cognitive treatment.

scholarly journals DOES THE NEED FOR COGNITION, NEED FOR AFFECT AND PERCEIVED HUMOUR INFLUENCE CONSUMERS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE ADVERTISED BRANDS?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafizah Omar Zaki ◽  
Yusniza Kamarulzaman ◽  
Mozard Mohtar
Keyword(s):  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood Model ◽  
Brand Attitude ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood ◽  
Message Processing ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Processing Theory ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
Need For Affect

Cognition has long been known as a mechanism to process message besides forming desirable attitude. However, the engagement of emotions that has been limited in its discussions to the message processing theory such as the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) could also function as influencer to message processing and contributor to attitude formation. Hence, the purpose of this research is to examine the effects of need for cognition (NFC), need for affect (NFA) and perceived humour on consumers’ attitude towards the brands advertised. The research engaged three main studies and has adopted a quantitative basic experimental design with a random selection and distribution of participants into treatment groups. Result of study 1 showed that advertising attitude mediates between NFC and brand attitude. Study 2 found that NFA moderates between NFC and brand attitude. Study 3 revealed that NFA moderates between perceived humour and brand attitude. Finally, the results also determined that NFC, NFA, and perceived humour influence the processing of advertising message in the low and high involvement conditions of message elaborations. The findings encourage future researchers to further assess consumers’ attitude towards brand in various advertising contexts in more detail. The study contributes to the advertising guidelines for advertising firms and policy makers. In addition, the study contributes to the theoretical establishment of the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) that can be used for future research extension.    Keywords: Brand attitude, involvement, need for cognition, need for affect, perceived humour.

Persuasive Communication From a Military Force to Local Civilians

2018 ◽  
pp. 222-236
Author(s):  
Jean-Yves Bergier ◽  
Colette Faucher
Keyword(s):  
Elaboration Likelihood Model ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Persuasive Communication ◽  
Elaboration Likelihood ◽  
Message Processing ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Asymmetric Conflicts ◽  
Likelihood Model ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Psychological Operations

Here is presented a model of message processing using one of the leading paradigms in social psychology of persuasion as main theoretical framework: the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM). Adapting this dual process theory to military context and actions and more specifically psychological operations in asymmetric conflicts allows developing a model taking into account many message characteristics as well as specific factors such as local culture of the audience. It focuses on measuring capacity and motivation of the agents to determine the effect of message sending on attitudes through a detailed cognitive treatment.

Processing Time of Contour Integration: The Role of Colour, Contrast, and Curvature

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p3164 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 833-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H A Beaudot ◽  
Kathy T Mullen
Keyword(s):  
Processing Time ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Contour Integration ◽  
Additional Time ◽  
Processing Times ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Curved Paths ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Path Detection

We investigated the temporal properties of the red-green, blue – yellow, and luminance mechanisms in a contour-integration task which required the linking of orientation across space to detect a ‘path’. Reaction times were obtained for simple detection of the stimulus regardless of the presence of a path, and for path detection measured by a yes/no procedure with path and no-path stimuli randomly presented. Additional processing times for contour integration were calculated as the difference between reaction times for simple stimulus detection and path detection, and were measured as a function of stimulus contrast for straight and curved paths. We found that processing time shows effects not apparent in choice reaction-time measurements. (i) Processing time for curved paths is longer than for straight paths. (ii) For straight paths, the achromatic mechanism is faster than the two chromatic ones, with no difference between the red – green and blue – yellow mechanisms. For curved paths there is no difference in processing time between mechanisms. (iii) The extra processing time required to detect curved compared to straight paths is longest for the achromatic mechanism, and similar for the red – green and blue – yellow mechanisms. (iv) Detection of the absence of a path requires at least 50 ms of additional time independently of chromaticity, contrast, and path curvature. The significance of these differences and similarities between postreceptoral mechanisms is discussed.

A new tool for rapid development of electron microscopy negatives and micrographs: Initial impressions of the MOHR/PRO-8 processor

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 972-973
Author(s):  
James C. Long
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Processing Times ◽  
Initial Impressions ◽  
Transport Method

Over the years, many techniques and products have been developed to reduce the amount of time spent in a darkroom processing electron microscopy negatives and micrographs. One of the latest tools, effective in this effort, is the Mohr/Pro-8 film and rc paper processor.At the time of writing, a unit has been recently installed in the photographic facilities of the Electron Microscopy Center at Texas A&M University. It is being evaluated for use with TEM sheet film, SEM sheet film, 35mm roll film (B&W), and rc paper.Originally designed for use in the phototypesetting industry, this processor has only recently been introduced to the field of electron microscopy.The unit is a tabletop model, approximately 1.5 × 1.5 × 2.0 ft, and uses a roller transport method of processing. It has an adjustable processing time of 2 to 6.5 minutes, dry-to-dry. The installed unit has an extended processing switch, enabling processing times of 8 to 14 minutes to be selected.

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