scholarly journals Dynamic capillary effects in a small-volume unsaturated porous medium: Implications of sensor response and gas pressure gradients for understanding system dependencies

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Hou ◽  
Lixia Chen ◽  
Tohren C. G. Kibbey
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Sensor Response ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Capillary Effects ◽  
Unsaturated Porous Medium

Intrapleural fluid movements described by a porous flow model

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 2511-2516 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Miserocchi ◽  
D. Venturoli ◽  
D. Negrini ◽  
M. C. Gilardi ◽  
R. Bellina
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Gamma Camera ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Hydraulic Radius ◽  
Porous Flow ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs

We injected technetium-labeled albumin (at a concentration similar to that of the pleural fluid) in the costal region of anesthetized dogs (n = 13) either breathing spontaneously or apneic. The decay rate of labeled activity at the injection site was studied with a gamma camera placed either in the anteroposterior (AP) or laterolateral (LL) projection. In breathing animals (respiratory frequency approximately 10 cycles/min), 10 min after the injection the activity decreased by approximately 50% on AP and approximately 20% on LL imaging; in apneic animals the corresponding decrease in activity was reduced to approximately 15 and approximately 3%, respectively. We considered label translocation from AP and LL imaging as a result of bulk flows of liquid along the costomediastinal and gravity-dependent direction, respectively. We related intrapleural flows to the hydraulic pressure gradients existing along these two directions and to the geometry of the pleural space. The pleural space was considered as a porous medium partially occupied by the mesh of microvilli protruding from mesothelial cells. Solution of the Kozeny-Carman equation for the observed flow velocities and pressure gradients yielded a mean hydraulic radius of the pathways followed by the liquid ranging from 2 to 4 microns. The hydraulic resistivity of the pleural space was estimated at approximately 8.5 x 10(5) dyn.s.cm-4, five orders of magnitude lower than that of interstitial tissue.

Interface scaling in a two-dimensional porous medium under combined viscous, gravity, and capillary effects

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Méheust ◽  
Grunde Løvoll ◽  
Knut Jørgen Måløy ◽  
Jean Schmittbuhl
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Capillary Effects

Measurement of two-fluid saturations in a fine to medium sand

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1014-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
C F Gravelle ◽  
M A Knight ◽  
R J Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Porous Medium ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Unsaturated Porous Medium ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
Two Fluid

The infiltration of a light nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) into an unsaturated porous medium will result in varying amounts of water, LNAPL, and air within the soil voids. A simple and reliable method of determining the percent saturation of each fluid is needed to analyze laboratory infiltration experiments. This note reviews the available methodologies for determining the oil content in porous media and presents an experimental study of a simple and reliable method for determining water and oil contents in an unsaturated fine to medium sand. Key words: fluid saturations, oil content, gravimetric, extraction, assay.

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