scholarly journals Constraining Fossil Fuel CO 2 Emissions From Urban Area Using OCO‐2 Observations of Total Column CO 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Ye ◽  
Thomas Lauvaux ◽  
Eric A. Kort ◽  
Tomohiro Oda ◽  
Sha Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Total Column

scholarly journals Constraining fossil fuel CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from urban area using OCO-2 observations of total column CO<sub>2</sub>

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Ye ◽  
Thomas Lauvaux ◽  
Eric A. Kort ◽  
Tomohiro Oda ◽  
Sha Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Model Errors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pseudo Data ◽  
Total Column

Abstract. Expanding urban populations and the significant contribution of cities to global fossil-fuel CO2 (CO2ff) emissions emphasize the necessity of achieving independent and accurate quantifications of the emissions from urban area. In this paper, we assess the utility of total column dry air CO2 mole fraction (XCO2) data retrieved from NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-2) observations to quantify CO2ff emissions from cities. Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) are implemented by forward modeling of meteorological fields and column XCO2. The impact of transport model errors on the inverse emissions estimates is examined for two “plume cities” (Riyadh, Cairo) and a “basin city” (Los Angeles metropolitan region, LA). The pseudo data experiments indicate convergence of emission uncertainties related to transport model errors with increasing amount of observations. The 1-σ uncertainty of emission estimates is constrained to approximately 15 %/5 % with about 10 pseudo tracks for plume city/basin city. The systematic wind speed biases in simulated wind fields for LA lead to overestimations in total CO2ff emission, which require data assimilation to improve high-resolution atmospheric transport. The contribution of biogenic fluxes gradients in urban and rural area of Pearl River Delta metropolitan region in China are examined by simulations with biospheric fluxes imposed by the Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) from multiple terrestrial biosphere models, which show about 24 ± 21 % (1σ) and 19 ± 15 % (1σ) contributions to the total XCO2 enhancements for the two cases examined. The representations of transport model errors for the emission optimization are examined for Riyadh, Cairo and LA ¬in real cases. The determination of background XCO2 is discussed for LA by using constant and simulated background with biospheric fluxes included, demonstrating the need of careful consideration of the variations in background XCO2 for identifying concentration enhancements due to fossil fuel emissions.

scholarly journals Towards constraints on fossil fuel emissions from total column carbon dioxide

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4349-4357 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Keppel-Aleks ◽  
P. O. Wennberg ◽  
C. W. O'Dell ◽  
D. Wunch
Keyword(s):  
General Circulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Atmospheric General Circulation Model ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Total Column ◽  
Gosat Satellite ◽  
Fossil Fuel Emissions

Abstract. We assess the large-scale, top-down constraints on regional fossil fuel emissions provided by observations of atmospheric total column CO2, XCO2. Using an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) with underlying fossil emissions, we determine the influence of regional fossil fuel emissions on global XCO2 fields. We quantify the regional contrasts between source and upwind regions and probe the sensitivity of atmospheric XCO2 to changes in fossil fuel emissions. Regional fossil fuel XCO2 contrasts can exceed 0.7 ppm based on 2007 emission estimates, but have large seasonal variations due to biospheric fluxes. Contamination by clouds reduces the discernible fossil signatures. Nevertheless, our simulations show that atmospheric fossil XCO2 can be tied to its source region and that changes in the regional XCO2 contrasts scale linearly with emissions. We test the GCM results against XCO2 data from the GOSAT satellite. Regional XCO2 contrasts in GOSAT data generally scale with the predictions from the GCM, but the comparison is limited by the moderate precision of and relatively few observations from the satellite. We discuss how this approach may be useful as a policy tool to verify national fossil emissions, as it provides an independent, observational constraint.

Toward quantification and source sector identification of fossil fuel CO2emissions from an urban area: Results from the INFLUX experiment

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 292-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn C. Turnbull ◽  
Colm Sweeney ◽  
Anna Karion ◽  
Timothy Newberger ◽  
Scott J. Lehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Fossil Fuel

scholarly journals Technical Note: Latitude-time variations of atmospheric column-average dry air mole fractions of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 7767-7777 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Saito ◽  
P. K. Patra ◽  
N. Deutscher ◽  
D. Wunch ◽  
K. Ishijima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Circulation ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Model Estimate ◽  
Total Column

Abstract. We present a comparison of an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM)-based chemistry-transport model (ACTM) simulation with total column measurements of CO2, CH4 and N2O from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). The model is able to capture observed trends, seasonal cycles and inter hemispheric gradients at most sampled locations for all three species. The model-observation agreements are best for CO2, because the simulation uses fossil fuel inventories and an inverse model estimate of non-fossil fuel fluxes. The ACTM captures much of the observed seasonal variability in CO2 and N2O total columns (~81 % variance, R>0.9 between ACTM and TCCON for 19 out of 22 cases). These results suggest that the transport processes in troposphere and stratosphere are well represented in ACTM. Thus the poor correlation between simulated and observed CH4 total columns, particularly at tropical and extra-tropical sites, have been attributed to the uncertainties in surface emissions and loss by hydroxyl radicals. While the upward-looking total column measurements of CO2 contains surface flux signals at various spatial and temporal scales, the N2O measurements are strongly affected by the concentration variations in the upper troposphere and stratosphere.

scholarly journals Monitoring CO emissions of the metropolis Mexico City using TROPOMI CO observations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Borsdorff ◽  
Agustín García Reynoso ◽  
Gilberto Maldonado ◽  
Bertha Mar-Morales ◽  
Wolfgang Stremme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Source Inversion ◽  
The North ◽  
Total Column ◽  
Co Observations

Abstract. The Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on ESA Copernicus Sentinel-5 satellite (S5-P) measures the carbon monoxide (CO) total column concentration as one of its primary targets. In this study, we analyse 551 TROPOMI overpasses over Mexico City (more than 2 years of measurements) using collocated CO simulations of the regional Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to conclude on the emissions from different urban districts in the region. The WRF simulation distinguishes the CO emissions from Tula, Pachuca, Tulancingo, Toluca, Cuernavaca, Cuautla, Tlaxcala, Puebla, the metropolian area of Mexico City (CDMX), and the adjoint urban area (ACDMX, CDMX surrounding municipalities from estate of Mexico) by 10 separate tracers. Using a regularised source inversion approach, the TROPOMI observations yields 0.10 Tg/yr and 0.08 Tg/yr CO emissions from the Tula and Pachuca urban areas in the North of Mexico city. This exceeds significantly the Inventario Nacional de Emisiones de Contaminantes Criterio (INEM) inventory that was adapted to the period 2017–2019 and results in an emissions 

scholarly journals Latitude-time variations of atmospheric column-average dry air mole fractions of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 5679-5704 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Saito ◽  
P. K. Patra ◽  
N. Deutscher ◽  
D. Wunch ◽  
K. Ishijima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Circulation ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Model Estimate ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Total Column

Abstract. We present a comparison of an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM)-based chemistry-transport model (ACTM) simulation with total column measurements of CO2, CH4 and N2O from the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON). The model is able to capture observed trends, seasonal cycles and inter hemispheric gradients at most sampled locations for all three species. The model-observation agreements are best for CO2, because the simulation uses fossil fuel inventories and an inverse model estimate of non-fossil fuel fluxes. The ACTM captures much of the observed seasonal variability in CO2 and N2O total columns (~81% variance, R>0. 9 between ACTM and TCCON for 19 out of 22 cases). These results suggest that the transport processes in troposphere and stratosphere are well represented in ACTM. Thus the poor correlation between simulated and observed CH4 total columns, particularly at tropical and extra-tropical sites,have been attributed to the uncertainties in surface emissions and loss by hydroxyl radicals. While the upward-looking total column measurements of CO2 contains surface flux signals at various spatial and temporal scales, the N2O measurements are strongly affected by the concentration variations in the upper troposphere and stratosphere.

scholarly journals Variability of Solar UV Radiation and Its Relationship to Pollutants in Baghdad City

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Firas Sabeeh Basheer ◽  
Ahmed Ali Hameed ◽  
Ahmed Abdulla Kokaz
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Abu Ghraib ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Solar Uv Radiation ◽  
Medium Range ◽  
Solar Uv ◽  
Total Column

The atmospheric constituents generated by the activities of an urban area may affect UV radiation reaching the ground. In this study, two areas were chosen in Baghdad city (Zafaraniyah and Abu Ghraib). Parameters of the pollutants data (Total column NO2 and Total column CO) and UV radiation for specific bands were collected and analyzed for the period of three years (2017-2019) were taken hourly from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for each parameter through the years. The results show that the concentrations of pollutants in Zafaraniyah higher than Abu Ghraib throughout the year, Where total column NO2 reaching to about 9.6 * 10-5 kg m-2 in 2019 for Zafaraniyah and 8.48 * 10-5 kg m-2 for Abu Ghraib. While total column CO reaching to about 45 * 10-4 kg m-2 in 2019 for Zafaraniyah and 43 * 10-4 kg m-2 for Abu Ghraib in the same year. While the values of UV radiation in Abu Ghraib higher value 487.3W/m2 than 443.7 W/m2 Zafaraniyah throughout the year.

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