scholarly journals Modeling the Unfrozen Water Content of Frozen Soil Based on the Absorption Effects of Clay Surfaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Jin ◽  
Wen Yang ◽  
Xiaoqing Gao ◽  
Jian‐Qi Zhao ◽  
Zhenchao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
Unfrozen Water Content

Strength of frozen saline soils

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.G. Hivon ◽  
D.C. Sego
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Constant Strain Rate ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Unfrozen Water Content ◽  
The Time Domain

This paper summarizes an extensive laboratory program undertaken to study the influence of soil type, temperature, and salinity on the strength of three different frozen soils under conditions of unconfined constant strain rate tests. Since the effects of temperature and salinity can be unified by studying the variation of unfrozen water content, measurements of unfrozen water at different temperatures were carried out using the time-domain reflectometry (TDR) method. The stress–strain behavior is influenced by the presence of fine particles in the soil, and an increase in temperature and salinity (unfrozen water content) causes a significant loss of strength. For each soil tested, a predictive model of its strength in terms of salinity and temperature (unfrozen water content) is presented. Key words : frozen soil, saline, unfrozen water, strength.

scholarly journals Coupled cellular automata for frozen soil processes

SOIL ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Nagare ◽  
P. Bhattacharya ◽  
J. Khanna ◽  
R. A. Schincariol
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Soil Freezing ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
First Order ◽  
Unfrozen Water Content

Abstract. Heat and water movement in variably saturated freezing soils is a strongly coupled phenomenon. The coupling is a result of the effects of sub-zero temperature on soil water potential, heat carried by water moving under pressure gradients, and dependency of soil thermal and hydraulic properties on soil water content. This study presents a one-dimensional cellular automata (direct solving) model to simulate coupled heat and water transport with phase change in variably saturated soils. The model is based on first-order mass and energy conservation principles. The water and energy fluxes are calculated using first-order empirical forms of Buckingham–Darcy's law and Fourier's heat law respectively. The liquid–ice phase change is handled by integrating along an experimentally determined soil freezing curve (unfrozen water content and temperature relationship) obviating the use of the apparent heat capacity term. This approach highlights a further subtle form of coupling in which heat carried by water perturbs the water content–temperature equilibrium and exchange energy flux is used to maintain the equilibrium rather than affect the temperature change. The model is successfully tested against analytical and experimental solutions. Setting up a highly non-linear coupled soil physics problem with a physically based approach provides intuitive insights into an otherwise complex phenomenon.

Effect of Sulfate Contaminant on Soil Properties and Infrastructure Safety in Permafrost Regions

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1208-1211
Author(s):  
Xi Zhong Yuan ◽  
Yuan Lin Zhu ◽  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Exponential Relationship ◽  
Unfrozen Water Content

Contamination of unfrozen water in frozen soil could have adverse effects on surrounding infrastructure such as foundation instability or deterioration of trafficability. This paper describes the results of the experimental examination of the physical properties and mechanical behavior of Na2SO4 contaminated soil. Initial freezing temperature test, unfrozen water content test and unconfined compression tests were conducted on silts with 3 levels of concentrations (6, 18 and 42 ppt) of Na2SO4 and nonsaline cases at temperatures ranging between 0°C and -20°C. The test results indicate that the presence of salt significantly affect the physical properties and mechanical behavior of the frozen soil. Contamination of soils will cause depression of freezing temperature and degradation of permafrost. The freezing temperature depression ratio of Na2SO4 contaminated soil is 0.028°C/ppt. The unfrozen water content increases with an increase in salinity and temperature. The strength decreases with an increase in salinity, and the strength loss ratio of Na2SO4 contaminated soil is among 0.02-0.04MPa/ppt. Combined the effect of salinity and temperature on the strength, the decrease in strength with increase in unfrozen water content follows an exponential relationship. So estimation of salt concentration in the soil, and predictions of future increases of salt in the soil, is essential for design of buildings and roadways in permafrost.

Unfrozen water content in saline soils: results using time-domain reflectometry

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Patterson ◽  
M. W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Probe Design ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
Use Of Time ◽  
Unfrozen Water Content ◽  
Pore Water Salinity ◽  
Apparent Dielectric Constant

The use of time-domain reflectometry (TDR) for determining the phase composition of saline permafrost from measurement of the apparent dielectric constant, Ka, is examined.Combined TDR–dilatometry experiments were performed to assess whether the TDR method could be used on frozen soil samples with high pore water salinity. In general, unfrozen water content determinations by TDR were within ±0.025 cm3∙cm−3 of those obtained by dilatometry, with no marked influence due to salinity. A novel probe design for use on saline core samples shows promise as a means for determining unfrozen water contents in the field.

Analysis on Unfrozen Water Content of Mohe Permafrost Based on NMR Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1185-1188
Author(s):  
Hao Lin Yu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Yuan Shun Ma ◽  
Xue Yan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
Nmr Method ◽  
Unfrozen Water Content ◽  
Ice Content ◽  
Function Relationship

Unfrozen water content has an important influence on the physical and mechanical properties of frozen soil. Little research has been done on unfrozen water content of permafrost in the Northeast Region, China, so the experimental investigation was performed on Mohe permafrost (4 kinds of samples were taken from 4 kinds of undisturbed frozen soil) based on NMR method, and the relationship and between frozen temperatures (-1°C, -4°C, -7°C, -11°C, -14°C, -16°C) and unfrozen water content was obtained. The test results indicate that, Unfrozen water content decreased with the reduction of frozen temperature of permafrost and there was a power function relationship between unfrozen water content and frozen temperature. The unfrozen water content reduction of No.3 sample was the slowest, because it had the lowest water content and the least frost-heave and thawed amount. It also can be attained that ice content of Mohe permafrost became more and more, but bound water and free water content got less and less while frozen temperature fell continuously.

scholarly journals A Scientometric Review of Research Status on Unfrozen Soil Water

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 708
Author(s):  
Shuna Feng ◽  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Jialong Lv ◽  
Miles Dyck ◽  
Qingbai Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Publishing Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Unfrozen Water ◽  
Research Status ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Unfrozen Water Content ◽  
User Friendly

Unfrozen soil water affects the physical, chemical, hydrological, and mechanical properties of frozen soils, and climate change makes these relationships more complicated. The objective of this study was to investigate the research status of unfrozen soil water using scientometrics. Publications on unfrozen water in frozen soil (UWFS) retrieved from the Web of Science were analyzed with scientometric software tools including VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and HistCite Pro. The annual publication trend, co-authorship of authors, organizations, and countries, and the co-occurrence of keywords were analyzed. The most utilized journals and high-impact publications were identified. The results showed that 2007 (the year the “Bali Road Map” was released) represents a turning point (from slow to rapid) in the development of research on unfrozen water in frozen soil. Researchers and organizations from China and the United States are the major contributors, while Cold Regions Science and Technology is the most utilized journal for publishing research pertaining to UWFS. Currently, there is still a lack of reliable and user-friendly methods and techniques for measuring unfrozen water content. Future efforts are required to understand the mechanisms governing the magnitude of unfrozen water content and to develop new approaches to accurately and rapidly measure unfrozen water content in both laboratory and in situ.

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