An Eye in the Sky Tracks Air Pollution Inequality in U.S. Cities

This study focuses on heavy metals contained in organic soil horizons resulting from the industrial air pollution caused by local enterprises. Polymetallic dust containing heavy metals is one of the main by-products in the smelting of non-ferrous metals. We evaluated the contents of Ni, Cu, and Co in the upper soil horizons containing the maximum amount of these pollutants (due to the formation of stable compounds with organic components of these horizons). Sampling was carried out at various distances from the source of pollution at previously established test sites. The study found acid-soluble heavy metals at various distances from the source of pollution and revealed the regularity of their content, both qualitative and quantitative.

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The Effect of Efficient Pricing of Air Pollution on Intraurban Land-Use Patterns

Environment and Planning A Economy and Space ◽

10.1068/a070293 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 293-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Y Oron ◽

D Pines

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Air Pollution ◽

External Effect ◽

Land Use Patterns ◽

External Effects ◽

Use Patterns ◽

Efficient Price ◽

Stable Source ◽

The City ◽

Source Of Pollution

This paper presents an analysis of the effect of an efficient price system on the degree of suburbanization when there exists a stable source of pollution located in the center of the city. It is shown that the city becomes more suburbanized when the external effect, associated with the emission of pollutants, is internalized by proper taxation. Under the assumptions of the model, the introduction of efficient pricing (which internalizes the external effects) is not neutral with regard to the composition of consumption. The introduction of efficient pricing results in an increase in the consumption of housing and a decrease in the consumption of all other goods.

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Root Growth Responses of Melilotis indicus (L.) All. to Air Pollution

Ecoprint An International Journal of Ecology ◽

10.3126/eco.v16i0.3470 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 29-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Saquib

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Power Plant ◽

Root Growth ◽

Primary Productivity ◽

Root Length ◽

Root Biomass ◽

Net Primary Productivity ◽

Coal Consumption ◽

Middle Stage ◽

Source Of Pollution

The root length, root biomass and net primary productivity of Melilotus indicus were studied at the monthly intervals from a wheat cropland, growing at the four selected sites situated at 0.5, 2, 4 and 20 km leeward from the source of pollution caused by coal burning of a thermal power plant of Kasimpur (U.P, India). Root growth varied with the level of pollution, age of the stand and the coal consumption rate as well as the release of major gases from the power plant. The data indicate that the degree of response increased with decreasing distance from the source of pollution. The root length and root biomass were affected significantly at the 0.5 and 2 km. respectively in the seedling stage, while in the middle and old stages the loss significantly increased up to 4 km in comparison to the reference site situated at 20 km away from the source of pollution. The percent loss in the root growth of M. indicus increased from seedling to middle stage and decline at the old stage. Root length, root biomass and net primary productivity suffered greater in the middle stage, may be due to high coal consumption and greater release of gaseous pollutants from the power plant. The root length and root biomass showed a significant positive relationship with the distance from the source.Key words: Air pollution, root growth, Melilotus indicus, wheat cropland, biomass. DOI: 10.3126/eco.v16i0.3470ECOPRINT 16: 29-34, 2009

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PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS VACCINIUM VITIS-IDAEA AND THEIR RESPONSE TO THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

chemistry of plant raw material ◽

10.14258/jcprm.2019024090 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 59-66

Author(s):

Natal'ya Aleksandrovna Artemkina

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Condensed Tannins ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Pine Forests ◽

Age Classes ◽

Industrial Air Pollution ◽

Mature Leaves ◽

Source Of Pollution

Cowberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) is one of the dominants of the herbaceous-shrubby layer of the forest vegetation of the Kola Peninsula. Plays an important role in the involvement of nutrients cycle, as well in the formation of soil fertility due to the ability to synthesize a large number of phenolic compounds, especially condensed tannins. Some regularities of changing the content in phenolic compounds, flavonoids and lignin in various tissues of Vaccinium vitis-idaea growing under industrial air pollution conditions have been studied. It was found that the concentration of lignin in mature leaves Vaccinium vitis-idaea decrease when approaching the source of pollution in spruce and pine forests. Biogeocenosis and age influence factors on the chemical leaves composition Vaccinium vitis-idaea have been revealed. Cowberry accumulates phenolic compounds, including tannins, in the leaves of older age classes. Concentrations of cellulose and lignin are decreased in perennial (mature) leaves. As the result of investigation, the phenolic compounds are proved to play the significant role in Vaccinium vitis-idaea adaptation to the influence of abiotic and biotic environmental factors. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids and lignin of Vaccinium vitis-idaea leaves behave differently under conditions of air pollution of different intensity.

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Methods and information systems for identification of sources of radioactive air pollution by inverse modeling

Mathematical machines and systems ◽

10.34121/1028-9763-2021-4-78-90 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 78-90

Author(s):

R.O. Synkevych ◽

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Information Systems ◽

Inverse Modeling ◽

Atmospheric Transport ◽

Inverse Simulation ◽

Reverse Mode ◽

Future System ◽

Order Of Magnitude ◽

Source Of Pollution ◽

Air Pollution Forecasting

The paper reviews the methods for identifying an unknown source of pollution by inverse mod-eling and information systems for air pollution forecasting and analysis. Several different for-eign and Ukrainian air pollution forecasting systems, such as the European Union's Nuclear Emergency Response System RODOS, have been developed on the basis of atmospheric transport models. However, the key data that determine the quality of forecasting in such sys-tems are the characteristics of the emission sources. In the case of detection of pollution from an unknown emission source, there should be performed inverse simulation. The use of the RODOS system, as well as other existing forecasting systems for such a task is possible but it requires multiple manual start of calculations of atmospheric transfer models in the reverse mode. Presented in the paper results of the application of inverse modeling methods during ra-diation incidents of the last decade demonstrate that modern methods of inverse modeling are sufficiently developed to set the task of automating inverse modeling in information systems for air pollution analysis and forecasting. Even though these methods not always can exactly identify the source of emissions due to the lack of measurements and poor conditioning of the inverse atmospheric transport problem, their application always leads to a significant reduction (by an order of magnitude or more) in the search for unknown sources compared to the detec-tion of pollutants. At present, in the existing forecasting systems the methods of inverse model-ing are only partially automated, namely for the case of known location and unknown emissions of the source of pollution. Therefore, this paper proposes the architecture of the future system for identifying unknown sources of emissions by inverse modeling.

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