scholarly journals Risk factors for cesarean section of primiparous women aged over 35 years

2002 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Kozinszky ◽  
Hajnalka Orvos ◽  
Tünde Zoboki ◽  
Márta Katona ◽  
Kornélia Wayda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Primiparous Women

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Urinary Incontinence During the Third Trimester and First Postpartum Year in Primiparous Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Linda Birch ◽  
P. M. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Stress Incontinence ◽  
Urge Incontinence ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Bladder Emptying ◽  
Primiparous Women

OBJECTIVES: To identify the prevalence of and risk factors for urinary incontinence (UI) during the antenatal period and postpartum year in primiparous women.DESIGN: A longitudinal, prospective, repeated measures and cohort study.SETTING: Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.PARTICIPANTS: Primiparous women with no preexisting disease (N = 516) recruited after a normal 20-week obstetric ultrasound scan.METHOD: Data were collected in the last trimester of pregnancy and at 6 weeks, at 6 months, and at 1 year postpartum using validated questionnaires. Obstetric data were extracted from case notes.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: UI symptoms.RESULTS: Stress incontinence during the third trimester was reported by 39.7% (n = 185) of the women participating in the study. At 6 weeks postpartum, 28.2% (n = 114); at 6 months postpartum, 31% (n = 123); and at 1 year postpartum, 26.5% (n = 89) of participants also reported stress incontinence.Urge incontinence was reported by 23.5% (n = 110) of participants in the third trimester, 21.2% (n = 86) at 6 weeks postpartum, 21.4% (n = 85) at 6 months postpartum, and 16.4% (n = 55) at 1 year postpartum.Women younger than 20 years old had higher rates of postpartum urge incontinence (p < .001) possibly associated with increased rates of infection. Body mass index (BMI) >30 was associated with higher rates of antenatal stress incontinence but was not significant in the postpartum period. BMI <20 was associated with an increase in postpartum urge incontinence. Prolonged periods in labor without bladder emptying was associated with increased rates of UI (odds ratio [OR] = 2.36). Forceps delivery was associated with postpartum stress incontinence (OR = 2.41). Although cesarean section appeared protective against UI initially, long-term data show a progressive increase in reported rates of UI even after elective cesarean section. Perineal trauma was associated with UI throughout the postpartum year with those women having anal sphincter disruption with the highest rates of stress incontinence (p < .005). Birth weight, duration of labor, feeding method, epidural anesthesia, and smoking were not significant. Overall, UI appears to be a regressive condition. Some participants had a progressive, deteriorating condition, which appears to be associated with a higher BMI or >6 hours from bladder emptying to delivery of the newborn.CONCLUSION: There are several identifiable risk factors that increase the prevalence and/or severity of UI symptoms.

P279 Risk factors for cesarean section in primiparous women admitted at IMIP

2009 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. S492-S492
Author(s):  
M. Amorim ◽  
I. Coutinho ◽  
L. Katz ◽  
S. Serpa ◽  
A. Kelner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Primiparous Women

scholarly journals Women’s empowerment and elective cesarean section for a single pregnancy: a population-based and multivariate study in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam de Loenzien ◽  
Quoc Nhu Hung Mac ◽  
Alexandre Dumont
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Elective Cesarean Section ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
Elective Cesarean ◽  
Primiparous Women

Abstract Background Women’s empowerment, and maternal and neonatal health are important targets of the Sustainable Development Goals. Our objective is to examine the relationship between women’s empowerment and elective cesarean section (ECS), focusing on Vietnam, a country where the use of CS has increased rapidly in recent decades, which raises public health concerns. Methods We hypothesized that in the context of the developing biomedicalization of childbirth, women’s empowerment increases the use of ECS due to a woman’s enhanced ability to decide her mode of delivery. By using microdata from the 2013–2014 Multiple Indicator Clusters Survey, we conducted a multivariate analysis of the correlates of ECS. We studied a representative sample of 1343 institutional single birth deliveries. Due to higher ECS rates among multiparous (18.4%) than primiparous women (10.1%) and the potential interaction between parity and other correlates, we used separate models for primiparous and multiparous women. Results Among the indicators of women’s external resources, which include a higher level of education, having worked during the previous 12 months, and having one’s own mobile phone, only education differed between primiparous and multiparous women, with a higher level among primiparous women. Among primiparous women, no resource indicator was significantly linked to ECS. However, considering women’s empowerment facilitated the identification of the negative impact of having had fewer than 3 antenatal care visits on the use of ECS. Among multiparous women, disapproval of intimate partner violence (IPV) was associated with a doubled likelihood of undergoing ECS (odds ratio = 2.415), and living in an urban area also doubled the likelihood of ECS. The positive association with living in the richest household quintile was no longer significant when attitude towards IPV was included in the model. In both groups, being aged 35 or older increased the likelihood of undergoing ECS, and this impact was stronger in primiparous women. Conclusions These results underline the multidimensionality of empowerment, its links to other correlates and its contribution to clarifying the influence of these correlates, particularly for distinguishing between medical and sociocultural determinants. The results advocate for the integration of women's empowerment into policies aimed at reducing ECS rates.

Risk factors associated with infection following cesarean section

1981 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Hawrylyshyn ◽  
P. Bernstein ◽  
F.R. Papsin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Factors Associated

170 What are the independent risk factors for repeated cesarean section in trial of VBAC?

2001 ◽  
Vol 185 (6) ◽  
pp. S127
Author(s):  
Zahi Ben-Aroya ◽  
Mordechai Hallak ◽  
David Segal ◽  
Michael Friger ◽  
Miriam Katz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

scholarly journals Analysis of risk factors associated with caesarean section surgical site infections: a case control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 5075
Author(s):  
Riya Rano ◽  
Purvi K. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Duration Of Surgery

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is defined as infection occurring within 30 days after a surgical procedure and affecting either the incision or deep tissues at the operation site. SSIs are the most common nosocomial infections, accounting for 38% of hospital-acquired infections. Despite the advances in SSI control practices, SSIs remain common causes of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. This study was undertaken with an objective to determine and analyze the risk factors associated with cesarean section SSIs.Methods: The study was carried out at Medical College and SSG Hospital, Baroda. After obtaining informed consent to be a part of the study, 140 subjects having cesarean section SSI as per the definition, were included as cases in the study. The controls (140) were also selected from the hospital subjects. The primary post-operative care was similar for the cases as well as controls. For patients who had SSI, samples of discharge from the cesarean section wound were collected and transported for culture. Antibiotics were given accordingly. Details about patient characteristics and outcomes were collected in the proforma for cases and controls and data analyzed.Results: The cesarean section SSI rate was 4.78%. Of the parameters studied, maternal age, parity, gestational age, HIV status, meconium stained amniotic fluid, amount of blood loss, previous surgery, duration of surgery were not associated with cesarean section SSI.Conclusions: Number of antenatal care (ANC) visits, haemoglobin, total white blood cells (WBC) count, pre eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), non-progression in 2nd stage and subcutaneous tissue thickness were the independent significant risk factors associated with post-cesarean SSI.

Risk factors for cesarean section

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. C86-C86
Author(s):  
S.A.T. Essinger ◽  
A.A. Cunha ◽  
S.C. Machado ◽  
A.M.S. Catharino
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cesarean Section

scholarly journals 3162 Colonization of Pregnant Women with Group B streptococcus in Latin America and Infant Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
Elena HogenEsch ◽  
Lisa Haddad ◽  
Inci Yildirim ◽  
Saad B Omer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Risk Factor ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Study Population

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The primary objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of maternal GBS colonization and demographic risk factors associated with maternal GBS colonization in Latin America. Secondary objectives include: To determine if there is an association between maternal colonization with GBS and stillbirth or preterm birth in Latin America. To determine the effect of cesarean section (CS) on the incidence of neonatal sepsis with GBS in mothers colonized with GBS. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Study Population: Pregnant women who received prenatal care at sites that utilize the Perinatal Information System (SIP) from 1989 through 2015, and were screened for GBS between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation. Maternal exclusion criteria included spontaneous abortion, stillbirth before 35 weeks, and lack of screening for GBS. Methods: Estimated prevalence (and 95% confidence interval) of maternal GBS colonization for the entire data set, by region, and by country. The prevalence data for each country further stratified by maternal age, ethnicity, education, civil status and habitation. Descriptive statistics calculated for each clinical prenatal and clinical perinatal health indicator as well as for each clinical history variable for GBS colonized and non-GBS colonized women. Odds ratios will be calculated for each demographic and clinical risk factor. Fisher’s exact tests will be used to test hypotheses about the relationship between maternal GBS colonization and specific perinatal outcomes such as stillbirth or preterm birth. We will use multiple logistic regression models to test the hypotheses about the relationships between demographic variables, maternal GBS colonization and perinatal outcomes. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Preliminary results: 712,061 records included in database. 98,852 records with data for GBS screening. o90.6% White, 7.4% Mixed, 0.6% Black, 0.3% Native Indian, 0.1% Other. GBS prevalence among screened women, 17.5% There was a significant association between maternal GBS colonization and ethnicity (X2 (4, N=97006)=569.901, p<0.01) o Prevalence rates by ethnicity: 20.5% Black, 18.4% White, 15.2% Native Indian, 8.8% Mixed, 3.3% Other. There was a significant association between maternal GBS colonization and age (X2 (4, N=98655)=119.901, p<0.01) o Prevalence rates by age group:. Age ≤ 20 - 15.2%. Age 21-34 – 17.8%. Age ≥ 35 – 19.6% Anticipated results:. GBS positive mothers will have an increased burden of stillbirth and preterm birth compared to GBS negative mothers. Neonates born to GBS colonized mothers who deliver via cesarean section will have a decreased incidence of sepsis compared to neonates born to GBS colonized mothers who deliver vaginally DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: There have been no comprehensive studies to date that use the CLAP data to characterize the epidemiology of maternal GBS colonization and GBS disease and the burden of neonatal GBS disease in Latin America. Taking advantage of this unique database, this is the first region-wide study using systematically collected data. Our preliminary analysis indicates that GBS colonization status among pregnant women in Latin America is 17.5%, which is greater than previously reported. While there is evidence that maternal carriage of GBS is associated with stillbirth, this will be the first study to quantify the burden of GBS-associated stillbirth in Latin America. Additionally, previous work has been inconclusive in regards to maternal colonization with GBS and its association with preterm birth. This will be the largest study to evaluate the association of maternal GBS carriage with preterm birth. Findings from this study have the potential to inform public health policy and interventions by identifying the prevalence and risk factors.

scholarly journals Multi-omics analysis reveals the influence of genetic and environmental risk factors on developing gut microbiota in infants at risk of celiac disease

Microbiome ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen M. Leonard ◽  
◽  
Hiren Karathia ◽  
Meritxell Pujolassos ◽  
Jacopo Troisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Risk Factor ◽  
Cesarean Section Delivery

Abstract Background Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune digestive disorder that occurs in genetically susceptible individuals in response to ingesting gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley. Research shows that genetic predisposition and exposure to gluten are necessary but not sufficient to trigger the development of CD. This suggests that exposure to other environmental stimuli early in life, e.g., cesarean section delivery and exposure to antibiotics or formula feeding, may also play a key role in CD pathogenesis through yet unknown mechanisms. Here, we use multi-omics analysis to investigate how genetic and early environmental risk factors alter the development of the gut microbiota in infants at risk of CD. Results Toward this end, we selected 31 infants from a large-scale prospective birth cohort study of infants with a first-degree relative with CD. We then performed rigorous multivariate association, cross-sectional, and longitudinal analyses using metagenomic and metabolomic data collected at birth, 3 months and 6 months of age to explore the impact of genetic predisposition and environmental risk factors on the gut microbiota composition, function, and metabolome prior to the introduction of trigger (gluten). These analyses revealed several microbial species, functional pathways, and metabolites that are associated with each genetic and environmental risk factor or that are differentially abundant between environmentally exposed and non-exposed infants or between time points. Among our significant findings, we found that cesarean section delivery is associated with a decreased abundance of Bacteroides vulgatus and Bacteroides dorei and of folate biosynthesis pathway and with an increased abundance of hydroxyphenylacetic acid, alterations that are implicated in immune system dysfunction and inflammatory conditions. Additionally, longitudinal analysis revealed that, in infants not exposed to any environmental risk factor, the abundances of Bacteroides uniformis and of metabolite 3-3-hydroxyphenylproprionic acid increase over time, while those for lipoic acid and methane metabolism pathways decrease, patterns that are linked to beneficial immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusions Overall, our study provides unprecedented insights into major taxonomic and functional shifts in the developing gut microbiota of infants at risk of CD linking genetic and environmental risk factors to detrimental immunomodulatory and inflammatory effects.

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