Historical review and appraisal of research on the learning, retention, and transfer of human motor skills.

1987 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack A. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Learning Retention ◽  
Human Motor

scholarly journals Modeling Human Motor Skills to Enhance Robots’ Physical Interaction

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Averta ◽  
Visar Arapi ◽  
Antonio Bicchi ◽  
Cosimo della Santina ◽  
Matteo Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Human Motor

scholarly journals Neuromotricidad, Psicomotricidad y Motricidad. Nuevas aproximaciones metodológicas (Neuromotricity, Psychomotricity and Motor skills. New methodological approaches)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 924-938
Author(s):  
Eliseo Andreu Cabrera ◽  
Francisco Javier Romero-Naranjo
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Psychomotor Skills ◽  
Special Area ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Practical Level

  El propósito de este artículo es analizar la terminología relacionada con la motricidad humana, al objeto de proponer el neologismo de neuromotricidad como concepto del siglo XXI, que se diferencie conceptualmente de otros términos similares, como motricidad o psicomotricidad. Los avances en el estudio del cerebro y su relación con el movimiento, nos empuja a la creación de un área especial dentro de la Ciencia de la motricidad humana, con planteamientos metodológicas innovadores. El método BAPNE (Romero, 2004) se postula como una posibilidad para optimizar el rendimiento del cerebro en el ámbito de la motricidad humana. Así mismo, aportamos una pirámide explicativa que muestra gráficamente la jerarquía terminológica dentro del ámbito de la motricidad, tanto a nivel teórico como práctico. Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyse the terminology related to human motor skills in order to propose the neologism of neuromotor skills (Neuromotricity) as a concept for the 21st century, which is conceptually different from other similar terms such as motor skills or psychomotor skills. Advances in the study of the brain and its relationship with movement have led to the creation of a special area within the science of human motor skills, with innovative methodological approaches. The BAPNE method (Romero, 2004) is postulated as a possibility to optimise the performance of the brain in the field of human motor skills. We also provide an explanatory pyramid that graphically shows the terminological hierarchy within the field of motor skills, both on a theoretical and practical level.

Knowledge-based control of grasping in robot hands using heuristics from human motor skills

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 709-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Bekey ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
R. Tomovic ◽  
W.J. Karplus
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Robot Hands ◽  
Human Motor

scholarly journals Comparing video-based versions of Halsted’s ‘See One, Do One’ and Peyton’s ‘4-step Approach’ for teaching surgical skills: a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Benedikt Seifert ◽  
Benedikt Schnurr ◽  
Maria-Christina Stefanescu ◽  
Robert Sader ◽  
Miriam Rüsseler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
Learning Retention ◽  
Complex Motor ◽  
High Level ◽  
Complex Motor Skills ◽  
Teaching Time

Abstract Background: Teaching complex motor skills at a high level remains a challenge in medical education. Established methods often involve large amounts of teaching time and material. The implementation of standardized videos in those methods might help save resources. In this study, video-based versions of Peyton’s ‘4-step Approach’ and Halsted’s ‘See One, Do One’ are compared. We hypothesized that the video-based ‘4-step Approach’ would be more effective in learning procedural skills than the ‘See One, Do One Approach’. Methods: One-hundred-two naïve students were trained to perform a structured facial examination and a Bellocq’s tamponade with either Halsted’s (n = 57) or Peyton’s (n = 45) method within a curricular course. Steps 1 (Halsted) and 1-3 (Peyton) were replaced by standardized teaching videos. The performance was measured directly (T1) and 8 weeks (T2) after the intervention by blinded examiners using structured checklists. An item-analysis was also carried out. Results: At T1, performance scores significantly differed in favor of the video-based ‘4-step Approach’ (p < 0.01) for both skills. No differences were found at T2 (p < 0.362). The item-analysis revealed that Peyton’s method was significantly more effective in the complex subparts of both skills. Conclusions: The modified video-based version of Peyton’s ‘4-step Approach’ is the preferred method for teaching especially complex motor skills in a large curricular scale. Furthermore, an effective way to utilize Peyton’s method in a group setting could be demonstrated. Further studies have to investigate the long-term learning retention of this method in a formative setting.

scholarly journals Basic gymnastics as an effective means of enriching the motor experience of young athletes

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Alfiіa Deineko ◽  
Larysa Lutsenko ◽  
Dmitry Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Young Athlete ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Motor Experience ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Balance Exercises ◽  
Comprehensive Development ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Motor Actions

The article analyzes and summarizes the issue of enriching the motor experience of young athletes in the context of basic gymnastics usage. It is shown that due to the constant internal development, gymnastics is a powerful and universal means of influencing human motor activity through a large number of different physical exercises. It is highlighted that basic gymnastics has passed a difficult path of historical development and arose as a continuation of the Swedish (general development) direction in the development of gymnastics, and its founder is considered to be the Dane Nils Buk. It is noted that basic gymnastics is aimed at the comprehensive development and strengthening of the human body, its mastery of the general principles of movement (formation of a school of movements), the education of physical, moral and volitional qualities necessary in all areas of human activities. The traditional means are the following groups of exercises: marching - joint actions in the order that promote the education of organization and discipline, accustom to joint organized actions, form the correct posture, make it more fit, agile, slender; applied - walking, running, simple jumps, throwing, climbing, carrying loads, balance exercises; general developmental, allowing a person to master such motor skills that he can use to build motor actions of any complexity; free - combinations of different gymnastic exercises in combination with elements of acrobatics and choreography; the simplest acrobatic - combining acrobatic jumps and balancing exercises, including static positions, as well as basic rhythmic gymnastics exercises, exercises in hanging and projectile stops, dance movements, games and relay races. It has been established that the more various motor skills a young athlete has, the easier and faster it is possible to teach him new motor actions.

scholarly journals The dynamics of cortical GABA in human motor learning

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Kolasinski ◽  
Emily L. Hinson ◽  
Amir P. Divanbeighi Zand ◽  
Assen Rizov ◽  
Uzay E. Emir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Learning ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Cortical Inhibition ◽  
Subsequent Learning ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Local Circuitry

The ability to learn novel motor skills is both a central part of our daily lives and can provide a model for rehabilitation after a stroke. However, there are still fundamental gaps in our understanding of the physiological mechanisms that underpin human motor plasticity. The acquisition of new motor skills is dependent on changes in local circuitry within the primary motor cortex (M1). This reorganisation has been hypothesised to be facilitated by a decrease in local inhibition via modulation of the neurotransmitter GABA, but this link has not been conclusively demonstrated in humans. Here, we used 7T MR Spectroscopy to investigate the dynamics of GABA concentrations in human M1 during the learning of an explicit, serial reaction time task. We observed a significant reduction in GABA concentration during motor learning that was not seen in an equivalent motor task lacking a learnable sequence, nor during a passive resting task of the same duration. No change in glutamate was observed in any group. Furthermore, baseline M1 GABA was strongly predictive of the degree of subsequent learning, such that greater inhibition was associated with poorer subsequent learning. This result suggests that higher levels of cortical inhibition may present a barrier that must be surmounted in order achieve an increase in M1 excitability, and hence encoding of a new motor skill. These results provide strong support for the mechanistic role of GABAergic inhibition in motor plasticity, raising questions regarding the link between population variability in motor learning and GABA metabolism in the brain.Funding informationJ.K.:Wellcome Trust Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellowship (204696/Z/16/Z). C.J.S.: Wellcome Trust/Royal Society Henry Dale Fellowships (102584/Z/13/Z).

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