Recovery Signals of Rhodoliths Beds since Bottom Trawling Ban in the SCI Menorca Channel (Western Mediterranean)

One of the objectives of the LIFE IP INTEMARES project is to assess the impact of bottom trawling on the vulnerable benthic habitats of the circalittoral bottoms of the Menorca Channel (western Mediterranean), designated a Site of Community Importance (SCI) within the Natura 2000 network. The present study compares the epibenthic communities of four areas, subjected to different bottom trawl fishing intensity levels. The assignment of fishing effort levels was based on the fishing effort distribution in the area calculated from Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data and the existence of two Fishing Protected Zones in the Menorca Channel. Biological samples were collected from 39 beam trawl stations, sampled during a scientific survey on April 2019. We compare the diversity, composition, and density of the epibenthic flora and fauna, together with the rhodoliths coverage and the morphology of the main species of rhodoliths of four areas subjected to different levels of bottom trawl fishing effort, including one that has never been impacted by trawling. Our results have shown negative impacts of bottom trawling on rhodoliths beds and the first signals of their recovery in areas recently closed to this fishery, which indicate that this is an effective measure for the conservation of this habitat of special interest and must be included in the management plan required to declare the Menorca Channel as a Special Area of Conservation.

The Attraction of Literary Local Lore Material and Information from the Native Literature of Students in the Study of A.M. Gorky

The problem of perceiving fiction has aesthetic, sociological, historical and psychological aspects. In this regard, in the methodology of teaching Russian literature to the national audience, special attention is paid to the deep, faithful and subtle reproduction of the literary works of writers, the development of the reader’s talent. Fiction as a form of art is a special area of the aesthetic. In a truly fictional work, all its elements are subordinate to the expression of a certain content, expressive, figurative, therefore, the reader’s understanding of a literary work is not only aesthetic, but also evaluative in nature. There are three stages of students’ perception of the writer’s creation: 1) recreation and experience of images of the work, with the leading process of imagination; 2) understanding of the ideological content; V.G. Belinsky called this stage “true pleasure”; 3) the influence of fiction on the personality of the reader as a result of the perception of the work. Fiction affects the worldview, speech, moral behavior in society, aesthetic and artistic development, in general, the formation of a person’s personality. The teacher tries to ensure that students have the necessary knowledge, developed, recreational imagination, emotional sensitivity, a sense of the poetic word, observation, the ability to make comparisons, comparisons, generalizations, conclusions. Their perception of a work of art is a difficult process that directly depends on previous knowledge of literature, facts of the history of culture, history of society. The complexity of the spiritual world of a modern young person is due to the development of personality in the context of the rapid progress of society. All this poses a difficult task for methodological science - to diversify the means of analysis, its types and techniques, effective ways of influencing art on students. In the national audience, the main problem of studying Russian literature - the teacher needs to reveal Russian-national literary ties with specific examples, based on certain historical conditions, national specifics, use translations of the works of the Russian writer into the native language of students, literary local history material, highlight the attitude of cultural figures of the native people to the work of the Russian writer, to his personality.

Improving Scientific Knowledge of Mallorca Channel Seamounts (Western Mediterranean) within the Framework of Natura 2000 Network

The scientific exploration of Mallorca Channel seamounts (western Mediterranean) is improving the knowledge of the Ses Olives (SO), Ausias March (AM), and Emile Baudot (EB) seamounts for their inclusion in the Natura 2000 network. The aims are to map and characterize benthic species and habitats by means of a geological and biological multidisciplinary approach: high-resolution acoustics, sediment and rock dredges, beam trawl, bottom trawl, and underwater imagery. Among the seamounts, 15 different morphological features were differentiated, highlighting the presence of 4000 pockmarks, which are seafloor rounded depressions indicators of focused fluid flow escapes, usually gas and/or water, from beneath the seabed sediments. So far, a total of 547 species or taxa have been inventoried, with sponges, fishes, mollusks, and crustaceans the most diverse groups including new taxa and new geographical records. Up to 29 categories of benthic habitats have been found, highlighting those included in the Habitats Directive: maërl beds on the summits of AM and EB, pockmarks around the seamounts and coral reefs in their rocky escarpments as well as fields of Isidella elongata on sedimentary bathyal bottoms. Trawling is the main demersal fishery developed around SO and AM, which are targeted to deep water crustaceans: Parapenaeus longirostris, Nephrops norvegicus, and Aristeus antennatus. This study provides scientific information for the proposal of the Mallorca Channel seamounts as a Site of Community Importance and for its final declaration as a Special Area of Conservation.

A legal norm: general theoretical characteristic

The article carries out a general theoretical research of the legal norms. It is emphasized that a legal norm is one of the key concepts of the theory of law, and the importance of a detailed study of the problems of legal norms is due primarily to the fact that the law has such feature as normativity. It is noted that the issue of regulating the behavior of subjects through the legal norms is especially relevant in the legal field, because the fulfillment of the requirements of these rules depends on the state of order of public relations, that is law and order. A legal norm is defined as a fixed in the sources of law binding general rule, which determines the standard of obligatory or permitted behavior or the consequences of its violation in the field of crucial social relations, the effective action of which is ensured by the state. The features of legal norms are considered in two aspects: 1) the features of legal norms that are common to the features of other social norms; 2) specific features of legal norms. The features of the first group include the following: the norms of law are the rules of behavior that regulate social relations and normalize social communication; are socially determined rules of behavior; ensure stability and order in society; are typical models of behavior; have a general character; are created and realized due to human will and mind; supported by remedies of influence (sanctions) in case of violation. The second group is formed by the following features: the norms of law are the primary, elementary components of law; they establish a standard of lawful behavior of a person and determine the consequences of its violation; regulate the special area of social relations, which are most important for the existence, development and functioning of society; have an official state-authoritative character; are binding, supported by the possibility of state coercion; have specific sources of expression. It is also emphasized that the norms of law are fixed in official sources not directly, but through a special form of its external expression – normative-law prescriptions, with which they relate as content and form. On this basis, a normative-law prescription is defined as a written, logically complete legal provision formulated by an authorized subject, which establishes a rule of behavior in a specific source of law and is a technical and legal remedy of formal expression of a legal norm.

Monitoring of Land Use Suitability Based on Detail Urban Spatial Plan Data 2018-2038 (Case study: Gayungan District, Surabaya City)

Land use planning in an area will refer to the regulations that have been established by the City Planning Office of each region. This is because each region has the authority to plan spatial plans in their respective regions. The border area is an area whose land use can be influenced by two different regional regulations. This is because the border area is a special area located on the border between two regions, each of which has spatial planning regulations. Gayungan District is one of the sub-districts included in the Border Area between Surabaya City and Sidoarjo Regency. To prevent overlapping spatial regulations that may occur in Gayungan District, it is necessary to monitor the suitability of land use using geographic information system technology and remote sensing. The data used in this study are the 2019 Gayungan District RDTRK Map and very high resolution satellite imagery of Pleiades Surabaya City 2019. The method used is the Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA) method. The result of this research is the suitability of land use in Gayungan District. A land use can be said to be suitable if the existing land use is in accordance with the land use in the plan. Meanwhile, land use is said to be inappropriate if the existing land use is different from the planned spatial use. All land use classes in Gayungan District in 2019 had a higher percentage of unsuitable land than the percentage of suitable land. Each percentage of land is not suitable for each land use class, namely: water body class by 92.593%, road class by 78.035%, industrial class by 77.838%, defense class by 76.706%, green open space class by 69.736%, and residential class by 52,27%. So it can be said that the land use in Gayungan District in 2019 was not in accordance with the plans in the City Spatial Detail Plan Map for 2018-2038, but the land use could be appropriate in its designation for the future, because there is a possibility of development for residential class, industrial class, and defense class on open land that is still widely available.

Accelerated Keyboard Musicianship

Approaches towards the formal learning of piano playing with respect to musicianship is one that demands the understanding of musical concepts and their applications. Consequently, it requires the boldness to immerse oneself in performance situations while trusting one’s instincts. One needs only to cultivate an amazing ear and a good understanding of music theory to break down progressions “quickly”. Like an alchemist, one would have to pick their creative impulses from their musical toolbox, simultaneously compelling their fingers to coordinate with the brain and the music present to generate “pleasant sounds”. My exploration leading to what will be considered Keyboard Musicianship did not begin in a formal setting. Rather it was the consolidation of my involvement in playing the organ at home, Sunday school, boarding school at Presec-Legon, and playing at weekly gospel band performances off-campus and other social settings that crystalized approaches that can be formally structured. In fact, I did not then consider this lifestyle of musical interpretation worthy of academic inclusivity until I graduated from the national academy of music and was taken on the staff as an instructor in September, 1986. Apparently, what I did that seemed effortless was a special area that was integral to holistic music development. The late Dr. Robert Manford, the then director of the Academy, assigned me to teach Rudiments and Theory of Music to first year students, Keyboard Musicianship to final year students, and to continue giving Piano Accompaniment to students – just as I have been voluntarily doing to help students. The challenge was simply this; there was no official textbook or guide to use in teaching keyboard musicianship then and I was to help guide especially non-piano majors for practical exams in musicianship. What an enterprise! The good news though was that exemplifying functionalism in keyboard, organ, piano, etc. has been my survival activity off campus particularly in church and social settings.Having reflected thoroughly and prayerfully, it dawned on me that piano literacy repertoires were crafted differently than my assignments in Musicianship. Piano literacy repertoires of western music were abundant on campus but applied musicianship demanded a different approach. Playing a sonata, sonatina, mazurka, and waltzes at different proficiency levels was different from punching chords in R&B, Ballard style, Reggae, Highlife or even Hymn playing. However, there are approaches that can link them and also interpretations that can categorize them in other applicable dimensions. A “Retrospective Introspection” demanded that I confront myself constructively with two questions: 1. WHAT MUSICAL ACTIVITIES have I already enjoyed myself in that WARRANT or deserve this challenging assignment? 2. WHAT MUSICAL NOURISHMENT do l believe enriched my artistry that was so observable and Measurable? The answers were shocking! They were: 1. My weekend sojourn from Winneba to Accra to play for churches, brass bands, gospel bands and teaching of Choirs – which often left me penniless. 2. Volunteering to render piano accompaniment to any Voice Major student on campus since my very first year. 3. Applying a principle, I learnt from my father – TRANSFER OF LEARNING – I exported the functionalism of my off-campus musical activities to compliment my formal/academic work. 4. The improvisational influences of Rev. Stevenson Alfred Williams (gospel jazz pianist), Bessa Simmons (band director & keyboardist) and at Ghana Broadcasting Corporation, Mr. Ray Ellis “Afro Piano Jazz Fusion Highlife” The trust and support from lecturers and students in the academy injected an overwhelming and high sense of responsibility in me which nevertheless, guided me to observe structures of other established course outlines and apply myself with respect to approaches that were deemed relevant. Thus, it is in this light that I selected specific concepts worth exploring to validate the functionalism of what my assignment required. Initially, hymn structures, chords I, IV, V and short highlife chordal progressions inverted here and there were considered. Basic reading of notes and intense audiation were injected even as I developed technical exercises to help with the dexterity of stiff fingers. I conclude this preface by stating that, this “Instructional guide/manual” is actually a developmental workbook. I have deliberately juxtaposed simple original piano pieces with musicianship approaches. The blend is to equip learners to develop music literacy and performance proficiencies. The process is expected to compel the learner to immerse/initiate themselves into basic keyboard musicianship. While it is a basic book, I expect it to be a solid foundation for those who commit to it. Many of my former and present students have been requesting for a sort of guide to aid their teaching or refresh their memories. Though not exhaustive, the selections presented here are a response to a long-awaited workbook. I have used most of them not only in Winneba, but also at the Callanwolde Fine Arts Center (Atlanta) and the Piano Lab (Accra). I found myself teaching the same course in the 2009 – 2013 academic year in the Music Department of the University of Education, Winneba when Prof C.W.K Merekeu was Head of Department. My observation is that we still have a lot of work to do in bridging academia and industry. This implies that musicianship must be considered as the bloodline of musicality not only in theory but in practice. I have added simplified versions of my old course outlines as a guide for anyone interested in learning. Finally, I contend that Keyboard Musicianship is a craft and will require of the learner a consistent discipline and respect for: 1. The art of listening 2. Skill acquisition/proficient dexterity 3. Ability to interpret via extemporization and delivery/showmanship. For learners who desire to challenge themselves in intermediate and advanced piano, I recommend my book, “African Pianism. (A contribution to Africology)”

Correlation of neuroethics and bioethics

Neuroethics is an interdisciplinary field of study that considers ethical issues raised by increased understanding of how the brain works and development of technologies of research and influence the brain function. In addition, neuroethics is understood as the study of neural processes of moral decision-making. Originally, the problems of neuroethics have developed in bioethical context. With the expansion of the set of questions and the emergence of a separate discussion of the ethics of neuroscience, as well as the development of research on classical issues of ethics using neuroimaging technologies, neuroethics is becoming a separate field of study. In the article, the authors consider two approaches to the relationship between neuroethics and bioethics: (1) neuroethics as a special area of ​​bioethics and (2) neuroethics as an independent discipline that has its specific features. Understanding neuroethics as a part of bioethics predetermines the consideration of its problems as a study of the social consequences of the achievements of neurosciences and the normative regulation of medical and research practice. The approaches that define neuroethics as an independent field emphasize the combination of multidirectional study (ethics of neuroscience and neuroscience of ethics) as a specific feature of the discipline. These studies are related by their common object of research – the brain. The approach of reductionism underlying the dominant research in neuroethics is noted in the article as a factor of a shift of neuroethics from the humanitarian context of bioethics towards neuroscience.

مآثر الدکتور محمود أحمد غازی في مجال السیرة النبویة

Dr.Mahmood Ahmad Ghazi (1950-2010) was a great scholar of the modern era. His scholarly work has been published in various Islamic fields. His special area of interest was Islamic Jurisprudence, Objectives of Shariah and Islamic International Law, but his contribution in Seerah studies was also recognized in academic circles for his multidimensional and critical approaches and work, scattered in various books,lectures,papers,review notes and prefaces of literary books.Most of his important work was produced by his well-known lectures”Muhazarat-i-seerat”. His research includes Prophetic Hijrah, Seerah evolution and Seerah writers, Orientalists contributions and its criticism, Muslim Response to orientalisam, Fiqh Us Seerah, Seerah writings in Sub- Continent and contemporey trends in Seerah.This article eloborates his Seerah Contribution by analyzing his work and highlighting its nevelity.

Neuromotricidad, Psicomotricidad y Motricidad. Nuevas aproximaciones metodológicas (Neuromotricity, Psychomotricity and Motor skills. New methodological approaches)

El propósito de este artículo es analizar la terminología relacionada con la motricidad humana, al objeto de proponer el neologismo de neuromotricidad como concepto del siglo XXI, que se diferencie conceptualmente de otros términos similares, como motricidad o psicomotricidad. Los avances en el estudio del cerebro y su relación con el movimiento, nos empuja a la creación de un área especial dentro de la Ciencia de la motricidad humana, con planteamientos metodológicas innovadores. El método BAPNE (Romero, 2004) se postula como una posibilidad para optimizar el rendimiento del cerebro en el ámbito de la motricidad humana. Así mismo, aportamos una pirámide explicativa que muestra gráficamente la jerarquía terminológica dentro del ámbito de la motricidad, tanto a nivel teórico como práctico. Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyse the terminology related to human motor skills in order to propose the neologism of neuromotor skills (Neuromotricity) as a concept for the 21st century, which is conceptually different from other similar terms such as motor skills or psychomotor skills. Advances in the study of the brain and its relationship with movement have led to the creation of a special area within the science of human motor skills, with innovative methodological approaches. The BAPNE method (Romero, 2004) is postulated as a possibility to optimise the performance of the brain in the field of human motor skills. We also provide an explanatory pyramid that graphically shows the terminological hierarchy within the field of motor skills, both on a theoretical and practical level.