Differences between caregivers and noncaregivers in psychological health and physical health: A meta-analysis.

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Pinquart ◽  
Silvia Sörensen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Meta Analysis

Perceived Workplace Gender Discrimination and Employee Consequences: A Meta-Analysis and Complementary Studies Considering Country Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 2419-2447 ◽  
Author(s):  
María del Carmen Triana ◽  
Mevan Jayasinghe ◽  
Jenna R. Pieper ◽  
Dora María Delgado ◽  
Mingxiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Employee Outcomes ◽  
Physical Health Outcomes ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

We draw on relative deprivation theory to examine how the context influences the relationship between employees’ perceptions of gender discrimination and outcomes at work using a meta-analysis and two complementary empirical studies. Our meta-analysis includes 85 correlations from published and unpublished studies from around the world to assess correlates of perceived workplace gender discrimination that have significant implications for employees. We extend relative deprivation theory to identify national differences in labor laws and cultural norms as contextual factors that affect the threshold for feeling deprived and moderate the relationship between perceived workplace gender discrimination and employee outcomes. Findings show that perceived gender discrimination is negatively related to job attitudes, physical health outcomes and behaviors, psychological health, and work-related outcomes (job-based and relationship-based). Correlations between perceived workplace gender discrimination and physical health outcomes and behaviors were stronger in countries with more broadly integrated labor policies and stringently enforced labor practices focused on promoting gender equality. Correlations were also stronger in countries with more gender-egalitarian cultural practices across multiple employee outcomes of perceived workplace gender discrimination. Further, results from two complementary studies (one employee survey and one experiment) supported the meta-analytic findings and provided evidence of the relative deprivation rationale central to our theory. Implications for research and practice include the need to consider the influence of the country context in organizational decisions to prevent and address gender discrimination and its consequences for employees and ultimately, for employers.

scholarly journals Effects of Yoga on Psychological Health, Quality of Life, and Physical Health of Patients with Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Yin Lin ◽  
Yu-Ting Hu ◽  
King-Jen Chang ◽  
Heui-Fen Lin ◽  
Jau-Yih Tsauo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Health Quality Of Life

Yoga is one of the most widely used complementary and alternative medicine therapies to manage illness. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of yoga on psychological health, quality of life, and physical health of patients with cancer. Studies were identified through a systematic search of seven electronic databases and were selected if they used a randomized controlled trial design to examine the effects of yoga in patients with cancer. The quality of each article was rated by two of the authors using the PEDro Scale. Ten articles were selected; their PEDro scores ranged from 4 to 7. The yoga groups compared to waitlist control groups or supportive therapy groups showed significantly greater improvements in psychological health: anxiety (P=.009), depression (P=.002), distress (P=.003), and stress (P=.006). However, due to the mixed and low to fair quality and small number of studies conducted, the findings are preliminary and limited and should be confirmed through higher-quality, randomized controlled trials.

Does emotional disclosure have any effects? A systematic review of the literature with meta-analyses

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Meads ◽  
Arie Nouwen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Psychological Outcomes ◽  
Emotional Disclosure ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Jadad Score ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objectives:Emotional disclosure has been widely publicized as having beneficial effects on physical and psychological health. A full systematic review was undertaken, with standard health technology appraisal methods, with the aim to assess the effects of emotional disclosure on healthy participants and those with pre-existing morbidity, particularly on longer-term physical health, performance, and psychological outcomes.Methods:Randomized controlled trials of emotional disclosure were obtained from database searches (Medline (1966–2003), Embase (1980–2003), Cochrane Library (2002, issue 4), Web of Science (1981–2003), Cinahl (1982–2003), and Theses (March 2003), Internet sites (including Professor J.W. Pennebaker's home pages), and personal contacts. Quality was assessed qualitatively and by Jadad score. Meta-analysis was conducted, using Revman 4.1 software, where more than two trials reported the same outcome.Results:Sixty-one trials were found meeting the inclusion criteria. Most had less than 100 participants and the median Jadad score was 0. A wide variety of physical, physiological, immunological, performance, and psychological outcomes were measured, but fewer were reported. There was no clear improvement for emotional disclosure compared with controls in objectively measured physical health and most other outcomes assessed.Conclusions:The opinion that this intervention is beneficial needs to be reassessed in light of the totality of evidence available.

scholarly journals More Hype Than Substance? A Meta-Analysis on Job and Task Rotation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Mlekus ◽  
Günter W. Maier
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Employee Attitudes ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Job Rotation ◽  
And Task

Although there exist numerous publications on job and task rotation from various disciplines, there is no consistent evidence of their effectiveness. Drawing on theories from industrial and organizational psychology, knowledge management, ergonomics, and management science, we meta-analytically investigated relationships between job/task rotation and employee attitudes, learning and development, psychological and physical health, and organizational performance. Due to a conceptual overlap and frequent confusion of terminology, we analyzed the design of the rotation (job rotation vs. task rotation) as a possible moderator. The three-level meta-analysis on 56 studies (N = 284,086) showed that rotation was significantly associated with job satisfaction (r = 0.27), organizational commitment (r = 0.16), career success (r = 0.31), labor flexibility (r = 0.32), general psychological health (r = 0.20), stress/burnout (r = −0.13), individual performance (r = 0.13), and productivity (r = 0.13). Positive relationships between rotation and physical health could only be found when rotation was compared to high-intensity work. Task rotation yielded stronger relationships with attitudinal outcomes, job rotation with learning and development, psychological health, and organizational performance outcomes. Further moderator analyses showed that individualism decreased relationships between task rotation and attitudes, and correlations with organizational performance and physical health were stronger for subjective measures. The findings indicate that many expectations toward job and task rotation are not fully supported.

scholarly journals BEHAVIORAL ACTIVATION FOR FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S109-S109
Author(s):  
Xinyi Xu ◽  
Rick Kwan ◽  
Angela Y M Leung
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Physical And Psychological Health

Abstract Behavioural activation (BA) aims to increase positive response-contingent environmental reinforcement and help caregivers to engage in pleasant and constructive activities, and therefore improve psychological and physical health among family caregivers of people with dementia (PWD). However, knowledge of the effectiveness of BA in this population remains limited. The current study applied a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to determine the effectiveness of BA among family caregivers of PWD. Literature was searched in PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Cochrane, Embase and PsycINFO published from March 1988 to March 2018. Seven Randomized Control Trials (RCT)s evaluating the effects of BA in family caregivers of PWD were eligible to be included in this review. Cochrane’s guideline was used in order to measure risk of bias and extract data. A random effects model was used to pool the effect size. Family caregivers of PWD receiving BA that only for caregivers demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in depression (n=3; 311 participants; Cohen’d=0.55; 95% CI: 0.30 to 0.81; P<0.001). BA also had a positive impact on interlukin-6, negative affect of caregiving, relationship satisfaction, dysfunctional thoughts and distress related to neuropsychiatric symptoms of PWD for family caregivers. The available evidence suggests that future studies are needed to focus on better ways of administering BA to family caregivers of PWD, to improve their physical and psychological health. Meanwhile, more RCTs to investigate the effects of BA on psychological and physical health for family caregivers of PWD is needed.

Is Caregiving Hazardous to One's Physical Health? A Meta-Analysis

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Vitaliano ◽  
◽  
James M. Scanlan ◽  
Jianping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Meta Analysis

Meta-analysis of the Yoga Training Effects on Physical Health

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 551-564
Author(s):  
Young-wook Kim ◽  
Su-hak Oh ◽  
Jee-ah Choi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Training Effects

Associations between and coexistence of disadvantages in the oldest old people in Sweden: Patterns of change between 1992 and 2011

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Heap ◽  
Johan Fritzell ◽  
Carin Lennartsson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Old People ◽  
Political Resources ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Nationally Representative

This study explored changes in the associations between and coexistence of disadvantages in several dimensions of living conditions in the oldest old people in Sweden. We used nationally representative data from 1992 (n = 537), 2002 (n = 621) and 2011 (n = 931). Indicators of limited social resources, limited political resources, limited financial resources, psychological health problems, physical health problems and functional limitations were used. The probability of reporting coexisting disadvantages tended to increase and was particularly elevated in 2002. Physical health problems became more common, and functional limitations, limited financial resources and limited political resources became less common during the studied period. Associations between health-related disadvantages remained fairly stable, whereas associations including other kinds of disadvantages varied somewhat over the studied period. These changes suggest that in general, the composition of coexisting disadvantages is likely to have altered over time. Consequently, the challenges faced by disadvantaged groups in 2011 may have been different from those in 1992. Moreover, the healthcare and social care services directed to older people have undergone significant changes during the past decades. These changes to the system accentuate the vulnerability of people experiencing coexisting disadvantages.

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