Genetic Factors in Alcohol Dependence

2001 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Genetic Factors

scholarly journals Towards a molecular epidemiology of alcohol dependence: Analysing the interplay of genetic and environmental risk factors

2001 ◽  
Vol 178 (S40) ◽  
pp. s33-s40 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Heath ◽  
P. A. F. Madden ◽  
K. K. Bucholz ◽  
L. J. Bierut ◽  
J. B. Whitfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Alcohol Sensitivity ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Integrate Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Childhood Conduct

BackgroundProgress in identifying genetic factors protective against alcohol dependence (AIcD) requires a paradigm shift in psychiatric epidemiology.AimsTo integrate analysis of research into the genetics of alcoholism.MethodData from prospective questionnaire and interview surveys of the Australian twin panel, and from a subsample who underwent alcohol challenge, were analysed.ResultsIn men, effects of alcohol dehydrogenase ADH2∗1/∗2 genotype or high alcohol sensitivity (risk-decreasing), and of history of childhood conduct disorder, or having monozygotic co-twin or twin sister with AIcD (risk-increasing) were significant and comparable in magnitude. Religious affiliation (Anglican versus other) was associated with the ADH2 genotype, but did not explain the associations with AIcD symptoms. No protective effect of the ADH2∗1/∗2 genotype was observed in women.ConclusionsThe early onset and strong familial aggregation of AIcD, and opportunity for within-family tests of genetic association to avoid confounding effects, make epidemiological family studies of adolescents and young adults and their families a priority.

scholarly journals Evidence for multiple genetic factors underlying the DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1306-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
K S Kendler ◽  
S H Aggen ◽  
C A Prescott ◽  
J Crabbe ◽  
M C Neale
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Dsm Iv

scholarly journals Genetic factors influencing alcohol dependence

2008 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
R D Mayfield ◽  
R A Harris ◽  
M A Schuckit
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals Hepatic, lipid and genetic factors associated with obesity: crosstalk with alcohol dependence?

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Goodyear ◽  
Mary R. Lee ◽  
Melanie L. Schwandt ◽  
Colin A. Hodgkinson ◽  
Lorenzo Leggio
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Factors Associated

Are genes coding for dopamine receptors implicated in alcoholism?

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Gorwood ◽  
J Ades ◽  
J Feingold
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Linkage Studies ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Genetic Vulnerability ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Familial Factor

SummaryPart of the familial factor of alcoholism is associated with the existence of genetic vulnerability. Genetic factors which interact with the pathogenesis of alcoholism are nevertheless complex, partial and for the moment partly unknown at the biological level. Recently, many association studies have been published concerning alcohol-dependence and genes coding for the second dopamine receptor. These associations, which have had positive replications, raise many questions. First of all, should the inheritance of alcoholism be regarded as a definitive fact? Secondly what is inherited? It could be alcoholism in general, a component of this disease (for instance, dependence on, sensitivity to or the seeking-process for alcohol), a specific pattern of drinking, presence of complications linked to alcohol abuse, or more general features, common to many addiction diseases. Thirdly, how could dopamine be linked to alcoholism? Furthermore, how should these positive associations be considered, given that two of these studies were negative, and that all linkage studies were negative. Lastly, are there other clues and ways of finding genetic vulnerability factors for alcohol abuse?

Hereditary influence in alcohol dependence

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S320-S320
Author(s):  
J. Teixeira ◽  
G. Pereira ◽  
T. Mota ◽  
J. Cabral Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Affected Relative ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionAlcohol dependence is one of the psychiatric disorders for which hereditary influence is strongest. In fact, the importance of genetic factors in transmission of vulnerability to alcohol dependence was first described in literature many years ago by psychiatrists who dedicate to its study. That vulnerability may be explained by an epigenetic model in which biological hereditary factors associate with environmental factors to cause alcohol dependence.ObjectivesStudy the influence of genetic factors on alcohol dependence.MethodsDuring 4 consecutive months a sample of alcoholic patients was collected from the Alcohol Treatment Unit of CHPL (inpatients and outpatients). Biographic data, patient's psychiatric diagnosis and family history of alcohol dependence or of dependence of other drugs were recorded.ResultsInitial sample included 122 patients. After exclusion of patients who were also hospitalized in that period, the final sample included 102 patients (26% female), with a mean age of 48 years old. Main patients’ diagnosis was alcohol dependence but most of them (52%) presented psychiatric comorbidity. Most patients (55%) had family history of alcohol dependence or dependence of other substances, 26% did not have and 19% did not know. For 61% of patients, the father and/or mother were the affected relative. Most patients (61%) who had a family history of alcohol dependence or dependence of other substances had 2 or more affected relatives.ConclusionsMost patients with alcohol dependence have family history of alcohol dependence or dependence of other substances, usually in more than 1 relative, which must be taken in account during treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Relationships between antisocial personality and alcoholism: genetic hypotheses

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Limosin ◽  
J. Adès ◽  
P. Gorwood
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Influence ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Clinical Heterogeneity ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Common Items

SummaryGenetic factors explain a non-negligible part of the vulnerability to alcohol dependence, the genetic influence in males being estimated at around 60%. The search for gene(s) potentially implicated in alcoholism is counteracted by the clinical heterogeneity of alcoholism, but also by heterogeneity of the etiologic factors involved. It is thus necessary to redefine more specific phenotypes with more simple determinism, and to focus on more specific subsets of candidate genes. In this view, the existence of co-occurrence (presence at the same time, whatever the cause) between antisocial personality and alcoholism is frequently reported. Three hypotheses have been previously proposed to explain this co-occurrence. Firstly, it could be a pure artefact or contamination, due to common items in diagnostic manuals widely used, such as the DSM or ICD. Secondly, antisocial personality and alcoholism could share common etiologic factor(s), and determine a ‘real’ co-morbidity. Finally, common genetic factors between these two disorders may exist, with the observation of a co-transmission of both disorders more often than expected by chance alone, meaning the existence of co-aggregation. Each of these three hypotheses will be reviewed and discussed.

Alcohol Dependence and Criminal Behavior: Preliminary Results of an Association Study of Environmental and Genetic Factors in an Italian Male Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Terranova ◽  
Marianna Tucci ◽  
Daniela Sartore ◽  
Fabiano Cavarzeran ◽  
Luisa Barzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Preliminary Results

scholarly journals Kcnn3 as a target for treating aberrant behaviors in stressed, ethanol-dependent mice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey E. Padula ◽  
Jennifer A. Rinker ◽  
Fauzan Khan ◽  
Marcelo F. Lopez ◽  
Megan K. Mulligan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Ethanol Exposure ◽  
Ethanol Drinking ◽  
Chronic Intermittent Ethanol ◽  
Marble Burying ◽  
Positive Modulator ◽  
High Comorbidity

AbstractAnxiety and mood disorders are often comorbid with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and are considered critical in the development, maintenance, and reinstatement of alcohol dependence and harmful alcohol-seeking behaviors. Because of this high comorbidity, it is necessary to determine shared and unique genetic factors driving heavy ethanol drinking and anxiety-related behaviors. We used a model of stress-induced escalation of drinking in ethanol dependent C57BL/6J mice to measure anxiety-like behaviors on the marble burying and novelty-suppressed feeding task (NSFT) during abstinence. In order to identify novel pharmacogenetic targets that may lead to more effective treatment, a targeted bioinformatics analysis was used to quantify the expression of K+ channel genes in the amygdala that covary with anxiety-related phenotypes in the well phenotyped and fully sequenced family of BXD strains. A pharmacological approach was used to validate the key bioinformatics finding in ethanol-dependent, stressed C57BL/6J mice during the NSFT. Amygdalar expression of Kcnn3 correlated significantly with just over 40 anxiety-associated phenotypes. Further examination of Kcnn3 expression revealed a strong eigentrait for anxiety-like behaviors in this family. Kcnn3 expression in the amygdala correlated negatively with binge-like and voluntary ethanol drinking. C57BL/6J mice treated with chronic intermittent ethanol exposure and repeated swim stress consumed more ethanol in their home cages and showed hypophagia on the NSFT during prolonged abstinence. Pharmacologically targeting KCNN3 protein with the KCa2 channel positive modulator 1-EBIO decreased ethanol drinking and reduced latency to approach food during the NSFT in ethanol-dependent, stressed mice. Collectively these validation studies provide central nervous system mechanistic links into to the covariance of stress, anxiety, and AUD in the BXD strains. Further this analytical approach is effective in defining targets for treating alcohol dependence and comorbid mood and anxiety disorders.

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