Choosing Job-Related Personality Traits: Criterion-Related Evidence of Validity

This study examines whether cell phone use stands apart from a general pattern of risky driving practices associated with crashes and impulsivity-related personality traits in young drivers. A retrospective online survey study recruited 384 young drivers from across the United States using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to complete a survey measuring risky driving practices (including cell phone use), history of crashes, and impulsivity-related personality traits. Almost half (44.5%) of the drivers reported being involved in at least one crash, and the majority engaged in cell phone use while driving (up to 73%). Factor analysis and structural equation modeling found that cell phone use loaded highly on a latent factor with other risky driving practices that were associated with prior crashes (b = 0.15, [95% CI: 0.01, 0.29]). There was also an indirect relationship between one form of impulsivity and crashes through risky driving (b = 0.127, [95% CI: 0.01, 0.30]). Additional analyses did not find an independent contribution to crashes for frequent cell phone use. These results suggest a pattern of risky driving practices associated with impulsivity in young drivers, indicating the benefit of exploring a more comprehensive safe driving strategy that includes the avoidance of cell phone use as well as other risky practices, particularly for young drivers with greater impulsive tendencies.

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Polygenic Score for Smoking Is Associated With Externalizing Psychopathology and Disinhibited Personality Traits but Not Internalizing Psychopathology in Adolescence

Clinical Psychological Science ◽

10.1177/21677026211002117 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 216770262110021

Author(s):

Brian M. Hicks ◽

D. Angus Clark ◽

Joseph D. Deak ◽

Mengzhen Liu ◽

C. Emily Durbin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Behavioral Disinhibition ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Normal Range ◽

Polygenic Score ◽

Externalizing Psychopathology ◽

Internalizing Psychopathology ◽

Multiple Time Points ◽

Related Personality

We examined whether a polygenic score (PGS) for smoking measured genetic risk for general behavioral disinhibition by estimating its associations with externalizing and internalizing psychopathology and related personality traits at multiple time points in adolescence (ages 11, 14, and 17 years; N = 3,225). The smoking PGS had strong associations with the stable variance across time for all the externalizing measures (mean standardized β = 0.27), agreeableness (β = −0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [−0.28, −0.16]), and conscientiousness (β = −0.19, 95% CI = [−0.24, −0.13]) but was not significantly associated with internalizing measures (mean β = 0.06) or extraversion (β = 0.01, 95% CI = [−0.05, 0.07]). After controlling for smoking at age 17 years, the associations with externalizing, low agreeableness, and low conscientiousness remained statistically significant. The smoking PGS measures genetic influences that contribute to a spectrum of phenotypes related to behavioral disinhibition, including externalizing psychopathology and normal-range personality traits related to behavioral control but not internalizing psychopathology.

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Sex-role related personality traits and irrationality

Scandinavian Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1111/j.1467-9450.1985.tb01154.x ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 187-189 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

FRANÇOISE D. ALSAKER ◽

OLE J. HOVLAND ◽

FRED VOLLMER

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Sex Role ◽

Related Personality

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Genetic Variation of Serotonin Function and Cognitive Control

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn.2007.19.12.1923 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (12) ◽

pp. 1923-1931 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Alexander Strobel ◽

Gesine Dreisbach ◽

Johannes Müller ◽

Thomas Goschke ◽

Burkhard Brocke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Continuous Performance ◽

Continuous Performance Task ◽

Performance Task ◽

The Impact ◽

Related Personality

Although it is widely accepted that serotonin plays a pivotal role in the modulation of anxiety- and depression-related personality traits as well as in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders and depression, the role of serotonin in cognition is less clear. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of serotonin in cognitive behaviors by examining the impact of genetic variation in key regulators of serotonergic neurotransmission on behavioral measures in a cognitive control task. Eighty-five healthy participants performed a cued continuous performance task (the AX Continuous Performance Task [AXCPT]) and were genotyped for polymorphisms in the transcriptional control regions of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene (TPH2 G-703T; rs4570625) and the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR). The core result was that individuals lacking the rare TPH2 T allele were not faster than T allele carriers, but committed fewer errors and were less variable in responding. These findings parallel those of a recent study where an enhancement of executive control in individuals without the rare TPH2 T/T genotype was observed. Together with recent evidence that individuals without the T allele exhibit higher scores in anxiety- and depression-related personality traits, our results underscore the role of the TPH2 G-703T polymorphism in the modulation of behavior and raise the intriguing possibility that genetic variants associated with higher negative emotionality may have beneficial effects on some cognitive functions.

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