Racial category judgment from appearance is categorical, and asymmetrical for men but not women

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth N. Bartmess ◽  
Lawrence A. Hirschfeld
Keyword(s):  
Category Judgment ◽  
Racial Category

The Blue Flower and the Account Book

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Anne F. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
North American ◽  
American West ◽  
Fur Trade ◽  
Blue Flower ◽  
Racial Category ◽  
North American West ◽  
Mixed Blood ◽  
Anglo American

This essay, a revised version of the August 2015 talk, examines the story of two mixed-blood women, indigenous and Anglo American, who lived in the fur trade North American West. The essay examines a racial category, mixed blood or “half-breed” and considers the challenges for people who lived in and used that category in the nineteenth century. The essay illuminates the challenges of using different kinds of personal records to understand how these nineteenth-century women might have thought about identity, a word they never would have used.

Cultural Brokers in Interwar Orientalism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeehyun Lim
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Far East ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intellectual Tradition ◽  
Cultural Brokers ◽  
Racial Category ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Face

Chapter one examines the formation of Asian American writers in the era of Asian exclusion through a comparative analysis of Younghill Kang’s and Carlos Bulosan’s responses to Orientalism in their works. As legal exclusion created the racial category of Asian in the United States, migrant Asian writers faced the challenge of creating modern Asian subjects in literary English. Cultural brokers between Orientalist images of their countries of origin and the modern experiences of Asian migrants in the United States, Kang and Bulosan tested the boundaries of English to represent migrant experiences lived in languages other than English. As a heterogeneous cultural epistemology, Orientalism placed different constraints on Kang, who contended with the Orientalist valorization of the Far East, and Bulosan, who resorted to the Filipino intellectual tradition of the ilustrado in the face of Orientalist primitivism.

Climate, racial category, and body proportions in the U.S.

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Theodore Steegmann, JR.
Keyword(s):  
Body Proportions ◽  
Racial Category ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Research on the Quantitative Evaluation of Judicial Justice in Environmental Infringement Cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Yonghui Yan ◽  
Songyue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Category Judgment ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
Significant Issue ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Modern Information ◽  
Judicial Justice

<p align="justify">The environmental protection is a significant issue that the current government departments attach great importance, and the environmental justice is the legal means to protect the environment, which is also a very important part of the judicial reform. How to realize judicial fairness in related environmental cases is the focus of public opinion and the difficulty of judicial research. At present, the practice of rule in law evaluation has been able to evaluate the judicial impartiality objectively and quantitatively from the macro perspective, but the specific facts of relevant cases cannot be accurately analyzed from the micro perspective. The discussion of environmental cases in this paper has positive referenced significance for other cases of rights and interests’ infringement and has important value for promoting the realization of judicial category judgment and accurate analysis of specific fields under the condition of modern information, and also provides beneficial help for judicial evaluation.</p>

White Categorical Ambiguity: Exclusion of Middle Eastern Americans From the White Racial Category

2020 ◽  
pp. 194855062093054
Author(s):  
Kimberly E. Chaney ◽  
Diana T. Sanchez ◽  
Lina Saud
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The United States ◽  
North African ◽  
Racial Categorization ◽  
Racial Category ◽  
History Of ◽  
Racially Ambiguous ◽  
Middle Eastern Americans

Despite legal classification as White, Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) Americans experience high levels of discrimination, suggesting low social status precludes them from accessing the White racial category. After first demonstrating that the rated Whiteness of MENA Americans influences support for discriminatory policies (Study 1), the present research explores ratings and perceptions of Whiteness of MENA Americans by demonstrating how MENA ethnicities shift racial categorization of prototypically White and racially ambiguous targets (Studies 2–4), and how MENA Americans’ social status influences rated Whiteness (Study 5). As few studies have explored the relative Whiteness of different ethnicities in the United States despite the fluid history of the White racial category, the present studies have implications for the processes that inform White categorization and lay categorizations of MENA Americans.

The Shared Descent of Semitic and Aryan in Christian Bunsen’s History of Revelation

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 270-295
Author(s):  
Tuska Benes
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
European Language ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Racial Category ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
History Of ◽  
Critical Methods

The desire to uphold monogenesis encouraged Christian Bunsen (1791-1866) to bridge the Semitic and Indo-European language families. Bunsen’s identifying ancient Egyptian as a linguistic bridge had implications for the supposed history of God’s revelation to humankind, as well as for German conceptions of “Semitic” as a racial category in the 1840s. The rise of Sanskrit as a possible Ursprache, as well as new critical methods and the rationalist critique of revelation, altered the position Egypt once held in ancient wisdom narratives. However, the gradual decipherment of hieroglyphs and efforts to historicize ancient Egyptian encouraged Bunsen to rethink the history of religion. His faith in monogenesis and Bunsen’s deriving Aryans and Semites from a common ancestor did not inhibit the racialization of “Semitic” as a category or reverse the loss of status Hebrew antiquity suffered as other scholars located primordial revelation in the Aryan past. Instead religion itself became racialized.

Encoding Tasks Dissociate the Effects of Divided Attention on Category-Cued Recall and Category-Exemplar Generation

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Parker ◽  
Neil Dagnall ◽  
Gary Munley
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Memory ◽  
Divided Attention ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Recall Task ◽  
Cued Recall ◽  
Category Judgment ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Category Exemplar ◽  
Generation Task

The combined effects of encoding tasks and divided attention upon category-exemplar generation and category-cued recall were examined. Participants were presented with pairs of words each comprising a category name and potential example of that category. They were then asked to indicate either (i) their liking for both of the words or (ii) if the exemplar was a member of the category. It was found that divided attention reduced performance on the category-cued recall task under both encoding conditions. However, performance on the category-exemplar generation task remained invariant across the attention manipulation following the category judgment task. This provides further evidence that the processes underlying performance on conceptual explicit and implicit memory tasks can be dissociated, and that the intentional formation of category-exemplar associations attenuates the effects of divided attention on category-exemplar generation.

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