Consciousness and closeness: Implications of socioeconomic position on group identity for Black Caribbeans and African Americans

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Monique Griffin
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Group Identity

scholarly journals The Social Patterning of Sleep in African Americans: Associations of Socioeconomic Position and Neighborhood Characteristics with Sleep in the Jackson Heart Study

SLEEP ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1749-1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayna A. Johnson ◽  
Lynda Lisabeth ◽  
DeMarc Hickson ◽  
Vicki Johnson-Lawrence ◽  
Tandaw Samdarshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
The Social

Differential Associations Between Socioeconomic Position and Depression Among African Americans

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Hudson ◽  
H. W. Neighbors ◽  
A. T. Geronimus ◽  
J. S. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Socioeconomic Position

scholarly journals Life Course Socioeconomic Position and Subclinical Disease: The Jackson Heart Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Deere ◽  
Michael Griswold ◽  
Seth Lirette ◽  
Ervin Fox ◽  
Mario Sims
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
College Education ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Jackson Heart Study ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Subclinical Disease ◽  
Heart Study

<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>African Americans experience higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lower childhood and adult socioeconomic position (SEP). Research that examines the associations of multiple measures of SEP with subclinical CVD markers among African Americans is limited. </p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) were used to examine cross-sectional associations of childhood SEP and adult SEP with subclinical markers among 4,756 African American participants (mean age 54, 64% female), adjusting for age, health behaviors and CVD risk factors. Subclinical markers included prevalent left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), peripheral artery disease (PAD), coronary artery calcification (CAC), and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). </p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of LVH, PAD and CAC was 7%, 6% and 45%, respectively. The mean CIMT was .72 ± .17 mm. In fully-adjusted models, having a college education was inversely associated with PAD (OR, .27; 95% CI .13,.56) and CIMT (β=-29.7, P&lt;.01). Income was inversely associated with LVH after adjustment for health behaviors (OR, .49 95% CI .25,.96), though associations attenuated in the fully-adjusted model. Measures of childhood SEP (material resources and mother’s education) were not consistently associated with subclinical disease measures other than a positive association between material resources and CIMT. </p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Subclinical disease markers were patterned by adult SEP measures among African Americans. <em>Ethn Dis. </em>2016;26(3);355-362; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.355 </p>

Abstract P091: Ethnic Disparities in Social and Psychosocial Factors Modify the Effect of Genes on Body Mass Index

Circulation ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 133 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin B Ware ◽  
Jennifer A Smith ◽  
Jessica Faul ◽  
Sharon L Kardia
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gene Region

Introduction: Obesity/body mass index (BMI) is one of the leading risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in both African American and non-Hispanic white populations. Identifying the range of factors that lead to the persistent and pronounced differences in the BMI of populations is critical for developing effective strategies for reducing these inequalities and ultimately reducing the incidence of CVD. It is posited that these differences arise from the interplay between both biological (genes) and social factors (environments). Standard approaches to this complex problem of incorporating “bio-social” data remain fractured; examining only biological, or only social determinants of the diseases/risk factors in question. This paradigm is not effective in uncovering the origins of diseases that arise from the relationships between multiple systems. By incorporating both biological and sociological data, we seek to better understand the health disparities underlying obesity. Hypotheses: We hypothesize that there will be gene regions associated with BMI in both African and non-Hispanic whites, but not necessarily the same regions across ethnicity. We expect stronger associations in each ethnicity with gene regions defined from meta-analysis of that ethnicity. We hypothesize that low socioeconomic position, lower levels of social support and higher levels of anger, ongoing stressful life events, and depressive symptoms will modify the effects of genetic predictors on BMI. Methods: We used novel, gene region-based analysis methods (Sequence Kernel Association Testing and Gene-Environment Set Association Test) with gene regions identified from 103 known obesity loci (97 from published GWAS meta-analysis in European ancestry and 6 from African ancestry), to examine the effect of gene regions on BMI in up to 3,000 African Americans and up to 12,000 non-Hispanic whites from the Health and Retirement Study. We also investigated the modification of these gene regions’ effects on BMI by social and psychosocial environment and compared across ethnicity. Results and Conclusions: Preliminary results indicate strong gene-region associations in African Americans with several genes including GPRC5B (p=0.024), SH2B1 (p=0.016) and TNNI3K (p=0.004) as well as statistically significant associations between BMI and social/psychosocial variables (bivariate p<0.01 for anger, social support, socioeconomic position, stressful life events and depression scores in non-Hispanic whites; depression score in African Americans). Gene-region results in the non-Hispanic whites and interaction results are forthcoming. In conclusion, investigating gene-by-psychosocial and gene-by-socioeconomic interactions for one of the most important risk factors for chronic diseases in older adults could help motivate new bridges to be built between biological and social scientists.

Race, Socioeconomic Position, and Physical Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jay Turner ◽  
Tony N. Brown ◽  
William Beardall Hale
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Minimal Support ◽  
Health Differences ◽  
Primary Determinant ◽  
Fundamental Cause ◽  
Alternative Research ◽  
Race Ethnicity

A substantial and long-standing body of research supports the widely held conclusion that socioeconomic position (SEP) is a primary determinant of physical health risk. However, supporting evidence derives almost entirely from studies of dominantly white populations, and more recent research suggests that this relationship may vary across race-ethnicity. This article considers the extent to which such evidence applies to African Americans. It does so by examining the within-race relationships between SEP and physical health utilizing alternative research definitions of health and a nearly exhaustive array of measures of SEP. The results offer minimal support for SEP as a fundamental cause of disease among African Americans. They do not challenge the widely held view that health differences are rooted in the fundamental conditions of social context and experience. Rather, they indicate that these conditions tend to be defined more by being black than by being of lower SEP.

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