Gay Men and "Bear" Identity: Group Differences and Psychological Consequences

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magamet R. Borlakov ◽  
Doris F. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Identity Group

Factors Associated with Sexual Risk Behavior Among Persons Living with HIV: Gender and Sexual Identity Group Differences

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cari Courtenay-Quirk ◽  
Sherri L. Pals ◽  
Grant Colfax ◽  
David McKirnan ◽  
Lauren Gooden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Risk Behavior ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Identity Group ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals The Perceived Need To Be Hot: An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Belief In Sexual Stereotypes And Erectile Dysfunction In Gay Men Using Thermal Imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Faaborg-Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Sexual Arousal ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Risky Sex ◽  
Automatic Thoughts ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sexual Stereotypes ◽  
Subjective Sexual Arousal ◽  
The Relationship

Erectile dysfunction (ED) has been associated with considerable mental health and interpersonal problems, an increase in risky sex, and is particularly prevalent among gay and bisexual men. Psychological treatment protocols for sexual dysfunctions often aim at challenging beliefs and cognitions about the importance of a “perfect sexual performance,” known as sexual stereotypes. However, to date, little empirical evidence exists for the relationship between ED and belief in sexual stereotypes (BSS). To address this gap, 70 gay men were recruited; 30 with ED and 40 healthy controls. Participants completed a battery of questionnaires, including a measure of BSS, followed by having their genital temperature measured using a thermal imaging camera, while viewing a sexually explicit film. The study had four main objectives: (1) to evaluate between group differences in subjective sexual arousal and physiological arousal; (2) to examine within group differences in the effects of BSS on physiological and self-reported sexual arousal; (3) to evaluate the relationship between BSS, negative automatic thoughts during sex, and ED; and (4) to evaluate the relationship between ED and risky sex among gay men. Results revealed significant between-group differences in physiological arousal, but not in subjective sexual arousal. While between-group differences were found in BSS, no within-group differences were found in the relation of BSS on physiological and self-reported sexual arousal. No significant relationships were found between BSS, negative automatic thoughts, and ED. Participants with ED were found to be significantly more likely to use erectile enhancing drugs, but no significant differences in condom removal were found between groups; however, substantially more individuals with ED (23.3%) reported removing condoms prior to the completion of sexual activity, as compared to healthy controls (5%). Findings of this study contribute to improving psychological treatments for gay men with ED, as well as better understanding pathways leading to risky sex in gay men.

The Social Psychology of Intergroup Toleration

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maykel Verkuyten ◽  
Kumar Yogeeswaran
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Pluralistic Societies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Psychological Research ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination

The global increase in cultural and religious diversity has led to calls for toleration of group differences to achieve intergroup harmony. Although much social-psychological research has examined the nature of stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination, and its impact on targets of these biases, little research has examined the nature and impact of toleration for intergroup relations. Toleration does not require that people give up their objections to out-group norms and practices but rather mutual accommodation. Integrating research from various social sciences, we explore the nature of intergroup tolerance including its three components—objection, acceptance, and rejection—while drawing out its implications for future social-psychological research. We then explore some psychological consequences to social groups that are the object of toleration. By doing so, we consider the complex ways in which intergroup tolerance impacts both majority and minority groups and the dynamic interplay of both in pluralistic societies.

scholarly journals The Perceived Need To Be Hot: An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Belief In Sexual Stereotypes And Erectile Dysfunction In Gay Men Using Thermal Imaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Faaborg-Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Sexual Arousal ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Risky Sex ◽  
Automatic Thoughts ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sexual Stereotypes ◽  
Subjective Sexual Arousal ◽  
The Relationship

Erectile dysfunction (ED) has been associated with considerable mental health and interpersonal problems, an increase in risky sex, and is particularly prevalent among gay and bisexual men. Psychological treatment protocols for sexual dysfunctions often aim at challenging beliefs and cognitions about the importance of a “perfect sexual performance,” known as sexual stereotypes. However, to date, little empirical evidence exists for the relationship between ED and belief in sexual stereotypes (BSS). To address this gap, 70 gay men were recruited; 30 with ED and 40 healthy controls. Participants completed a battery of questionnaires, including a measure of BSS, followed by having their genital temperature measured using a thermal imaging camera, while viewing a sexually explicit film. The study had four main objectives: (1) to evaluate between group differences in subjective sexual arousal and physiological arousal; (2) to examine within group differences in the effects of BSS on physiological and self-reported sexual arousal; (3) to evaluate the relationship between BSS, negative automatic thoughts during sex, and ED; and (4) to evaluate the relationship between ED and risky sex among gay men. Results revealed significant between-group differences in physiological arousal, but not in subjective sexual arousal. While between-group differences were found in BSS, no within-group differences were found in the relation of BSS on physiological and self-reported sexual arousal. No significant relationships were found between BSS, negative automatic thoughts, and ED. Participants with ED were found to be significantly more likely to use erectile enhancing drugs, but no significant differences in condom removal were found between groups; however, substantially more individuals with ED (23.3%) reported removing condoms prior to the completion of sexual activity, as compared to healthy controls (5%). Findings of this study contribute to improving psychological treatments for gay men with ED, as well as better understanding pathways leading to risky sex in gay men.

Beyond the Sexual Monad: Combining Complementary Cognitions to Explain and Predict Unsafe Sex among Gay Men

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Vincke ◽  
Ralph Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Hiv Interventions ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Social

Successful HIV prevention depends on delivering messages appropriate for specific, targeted audiences. In this article we document the existence of three naturally-occurring clusters of Flemish gay men based on their patterns of participation in eight forms of sexual behavior. MANOVA and discriminant analysis indicate that the clusters differ significantly in the assessment of both the pleasures and dangers of unprotected penetrative sexual practices. The complementarity of group differences underscores the critical importance of the dyadic dynamics in the etiology of risk taking with respect to the potential transmission of HIV during a sexual encounter. This dyadic approach to understanding risky behavior is contrasted with the individualistic paradigms which currently dominate the field of AIDS prevention research. We find that most of the social and psychological variables used in previous models lose their explanatory power when they are analyzed using groups based on sexual style rather than on the etic dimension of riskiness. The implications of the findings for the design of HIV interventions are discussed.

The Long-Term Effects of Extreme War-Related Trauma on the Second Generation of Holocaust Survivors

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Gangi ◽  
Alessandra Talamo ◽  
Stefano Ferracuti
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Holocaust Survivors ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Adjective Check List ◽  
Anxiety Questionnaire

The psychological consequences of intergenerational trauma on the second generation of Holocaust survivors were studied in a sample of 40 nonimmigrant Italian Jews and compared to a control group. Differences between offspring of Holocaust survivors (HSO) and a comparison group were assessed by the Adjective Check List, Anxiety Questionnaire Scale, Defence Mechanism Inventory, and Family Environment Scale. Although the HSO displayed no serious psychological consequences, they had higher anxiety levels than controls, low self-esteem, inhibition of aggression, and relational ambivalence. These data partially confirm previous research on the topic, although the level of psychological distress seems to be lower in the Italian sample than in other samples of second-generation Holocaust survivors.

Between and within sexual identity-group differences in asthma prevalence in the U.S.

2021 ◽  
pp. respcare.09258
Author(s):  
David Adzrago ◽  
Samuel H. Nyarko ◽  
Nnenna Ananaba ◽  
Matt Asare ◽  
Emmanuel Odame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Identity Group ◽  
The U.S

Components of Body Image in Gay Men with HIV/AIDS

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Blashill ◽  
Jillon S. Vander Wal
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Aids Diagnosis ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Negative ◽  
Hiv Aids

The current study examined group differences in various components of body image within a group of gay men. Three groups of gay men were compared: AIDS diagnosed, HIV positive (without an AIDS diagnosis), and HIV negative. Participants were 254 men who responded to an online survey. Results revealed significant group differences on the components of illness orientation and fitness/health evaluation. These results indicated that participants in the AIDS and HIV positive groups reported more awareness of and vulnerability to illness compared with the HIV negative group. Furthermore, men in the AIDS group reported being less fit and in poorer health than HIV positive and HIV negative men. Surprisingly, there were no significant differences between groups on appearance evaluation, suggesting that previous reports of high levels of body dissatisfaction among men living with HIV/AIDS may be because of disproportionate rates of gay (or MSM) men affected by the disease.

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