Evidence-based treatments for PTSD and VHA provider burnout: The impact of cognitive processing and prolonged exposure therapies.

Abstract Despite a rapidly growing understanding of hoarding disorder (HD), there has been relatively limited systematic research into the impact of hoarding on children and adolescents. The goal of this paper is to suggest future research directions, both for children with hoarding behaviours and children living in a cluttered home. Key areas reviewed in this paper include (1) the need for prospective studies of children with hoarding behaviours and those who grow up with a parent with HD; (2) downward extensions of cognitive-behavioural models of adult HD that emphasise different information processing and behavioural biases in youth HD; (3) developmental research into the presentation of emerging HD in childhood compared with adulthood presentations of the disorder, with consideration of typical childhood development and unique motivators for childhood saving behaviours; (4) developmentally sensitive screening and assessment; and (5) the development of evidence-based treatments for this population. The paper concludes with a discussion of methodological suggestions to meet these aims.

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What Is the Impact of Using Evidence-Based Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression in Veterans?

10.7249/rb9600 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Beau Kilmer ◽

Christine Eibner ◽

Jeanne Ringel ◽

Rosalie Pacula

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Evidence Based Treatments ◽

The Impact

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Implementation of evidence-based treatments for borderline personality disorder: The impact of organizational changes on treatment outcome of mentalization-based treatment

Personality and Mental Health ◽

10.1002/pmh.1381 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 266-277 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Dawn L. Bales ◽

Reinier Timman ◽

Patrick Luyten ◽

Jan Busschbach ◽

Roel Verheul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Outcome ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Organizational Changes ◽

Evidence Based Treatments ◽

The Impact

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Promising Psychological Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

The Oxford Handbook of Traumatic Stress Disorders, Second Edition ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190088224.013.34 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Monika M. Stojek ◽

Andrew M. Sherrill ◽

Trevor Stevens ◽

Barbara Olasov Rothbaum

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Integrative Medicine ◽

Cognitive Processing ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Prolonged Exposure ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Ptsd Treatment ◽

Complementary And Integrative Medicine

Trauma-focused therapies, particularly prolonged exposure and cognitive processing therapy, are recommended as first-line treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, a subset of patients refuse, fail to respond, or respond only partially to these interventions. This chapter outlines numerous promising adaptions of and augmentation methods for existing evidence-based PTSD treatments in an effort to improve outcomes for all treatment seekers. These include couple- and family-based adaptions of PTSD treatment, augmenting psychotherapy with pharmacological and neurostimulation interventions, the use of Internet-based and smartphone-based platforms to deliver PTSD treatment, and the use of complementary and integrative medicine approaches to supplement evidence-based psychotherapy. Also reviewed is the evidence for using complementary and integrative medicine approaches to target sleep disturbances. Although many of these approaches are in preliminary stages of development and require further study, they represent important progress in helping clinicians better serve the many needs of individuals with PTSD.

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A Critical Review of Negative Affect and the Application of CBT for PTSD

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838016650188 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 176-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Wilson J. Brown ◽

Daniel Dewey ◽

Brian E. Bunnell ◽

Stephen J. Boyd ◽

Allison K. Wilkerson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Cognitive Processing ◽

Prolonged Exposure ◽

Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽

Initial Information ◽

Emotional Reasoning ◽

Negative Valence ◽

Potential Efficacy ◽

Behavioral Therapies ◽

The Impact

Forms of cognitive and behavioral therapies (CBTs), including prolonged exposure and cognitive processing therapy, have been empirically validated as efficacious treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the assumption that PTSD develops from dysregulated fear circuitry possesses limitations that detract from the potential efficacy of CBT approaches. An analysis of these limitations may provide insight into improvements to the CBT approach to PTSD, beginning with an examination of negative affect as an essential component to the conceptualization of PTSD and a barrier to the implementation of CBT for PTSD. As such, the literature regarding the impact of negative affect on aspects of cognition (i.e., attention, processing, memory, and emotion regulation) necessary for the successful application of CBT was systematically reviewed. Several literature databases were explored (e.g., PsychINFO and PubMed), resulting in 25 articles that met criteria for inclusion. Results of the review indicated that high negative affect generally disrupts cognitive processes, resulting in a narrowed focus on stimuli of a negative valence, increased rumination of negative autobiographical memories, inflexible preservation of initial information, difficulty considering counterfactuals, reliance on emotional reasoning, and misinterpretation of neutral or ambiguous events as negative, among others. With the aim to improve treatment efficacy of CBT for PTSD, suggestions to incorporate negative affect into research and clinical contexts are discussed.

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Dissemination and Implementation of Evidence-Based Interventions for Adults with PTSD

The Oxford Handbook of Traumatic Stress Disorders, Second Edition ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190088224.013.40 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Heidi La Bash ◽

Shannon Wiltsey Stirman

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Processing ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Prolonged Exposure ◽

Empirical Support ◽

The Body ◽

Cognitive Processing Therapy ◽

Dissemination And Implementation ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Active Implementation

This chapter reviews current efforts to disseminate and implement evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for adult posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), like cognitive processing therapy and prolonged exposure. As the body of empirical support for EBIs has been amassed and best practices identified, concerted efforts are being made to integrate EBIs for PTSD into behavioral health organizations. However, implementation is a complex, multi-faceted process, with a range of factors that can benefit or hinder efforts to diffuse an innovation. Working through each stage of implementation, these factors are reviewed from the initial stage of a needs assessment, through the preparation, active implementation, and finally sustained delivery stages. Factors discussed include those related to the broader sociopolitical and cultural context, the organization, the individuals providing and receiving treatment, as well as those specific to the characteristics of the intervention. Strategies to address these barriers and to amplify the effects of factors that facilitate implementation are also discussed. Finally, the chapter discusses future directions and remaining pressing issues for the field.

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Motivational Interviewing in Child Welfare Services: A Systematic Review

Child Maltreatment ◽

10.1177/1077559519893471 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 263-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martin T. Hall ◽

Jeanelle Sears ◽

Matthew T. Walton

Keyword(s):

Child Welfare ◽

Motivational Interviewing ◽

Social Work Students ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Family Outcomes ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Out Of Home Care ◽

Evidence Based Treatments ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

The Impact

Families in the child welfare (CW) system who cannot be engaged in services are at high risk of negative outcomes. As motivational interviewing (MI) has been shown to improve engagement in similar contexts. This study aimed to systematically review MI with CW families as well as MI training with CW workers and social work students training to become CW workers. The review used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and searched multiple databases in June 2018. In September 2019, the initial search was repeated with additional searches to identify gray literature. Eight studies described the acquisition of MI among CW workers or student trainees, and 11 studies evaluated the impact of MI on families in CW. MI’s impact on some family outcomes, such as engagement in services, was mixed, though MI paired with other evidence-based treatments showed positive effects. With regard to training CW workers and students in MI, differences in training duration, intensity, and modality make conclusions difficult, though trainees generally described MI favorably and some studies showed training increased worker empathy and self-efficacy. Importantly, few published studies have evaluated whether MI-trained CW workers impact out-of-home-care placement, and no studies have evaluated their impact on maltreatment.

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