Update of the technical equipment of the grain-harvesting complex

Many options have been developed for the implementation of the algorithm for updating the fleet of grain harvesters to date. In accordance with the yield and other indicators, recommendations for the formation and renewal of the harvester fleet are proposed discretely in the form of tables or charts. This form of information does not always meet the requirements of operational correction and does not allow assessing the technological capabilities of the harvesting units, depending on the harvesting conditions. The method to improve the formation of the initial information for operational decision-making on the effective upgrading of technical means of grain harvesting complex taking into account the zonal features of a particular agricultural enterprise is proposed. A graph-analytical method for determining the main parameters of the basic harvesting tools depending on the predicted yield level is developed and the influence of the factors determining the composition of the grain harvesting fleet is assessed. This method makes it possible to identify the most rational basic parameters of alternative basic harvesting tools for a specific agricultural enterprise. The first step is to determine the basic parameters of the basic equipment, then select the appropriate size series of self-propelled threshers for combine harvesters and reapers. Further, alternative versions of various models of grain harvesting units and complexes are formed. For the subsequent selection of rational types of cleaning agents and their criterion assessment, technical and technological, environmental and other indicators are used. The expert-logical analysis of information resources makes it possible to identify and assess the factors that determine the quantitative composition of the technical means of the grain harvesting complex. The final stage in the formation of the initial information for making a decision on updating the technical means of the grain harvesting complex should be their economic assessment, which makes it possible to predict the competitiveness of the threshed grain.

Towards Adaptive Gamification: A Method Using Dynamic Player Profile and a Case Study

The design of gamified experiences following the one-fits-all approach uses the same game elements for all users participating in the experience. The alternative is adaptive gamification, which considers that users have different playing motivations. Some adaptive approaches use a (static) player profile gathered at the beginning of the experience; thus, the user experience fits this player profile uncovered through the use of a player type questionnaire. This paper presents a dynamic adaptive method which takes players’ profiles as initial information and also considers how these profiles change over time based on users’ interactions and opinions. Then, the users are provided with a personalized experience through the use of game elements that correspond to their dynamic playing profile. We describe a case study in the educational context, a course integrated on Nanomoocs, a massive open online course (MOOC) platform. We also present a preliminary evaluation of the approach by means of a simulator with bots that yields promising results when compared to baseline methods. The bots simulate different types of users, not so much to evaluate the effects of gamification (i.e., the completion rate), but to validate the convergence and validity of our method. The results show that our method achieves a low error considering both situations: when the user accurately (Err = 0.0070) and inaccurately (Err = 0.0243) answers the player type questionnaire.

Host Diversity of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin in Rice Field in Bolaang Mongondow Regency

Beauveria bassiana can attack a variety of hosts and their virulence can vary at each host and location. Exploration of the diversity of hosts B. bassiana from local isolates needs to be done as initial information that can explain the ability of B. bassiana in infecting insects. Sampling locations were selected in three district, each district selected three stations and each station consisted of 10 plots. The location of sampling is determined by the purposive random sampling method. Each station was made a plot measuring 1m x 1m and distributed randomly. Every insect infected with B. bassiana was taken and taken to a laboratory for identification. The results showed that there were five insects that hosted B. bassiana, namely Nilaparvata lugens, Scotinophara coarctata, Leptocorisa oratorius, Nezara viridula and Paraeucosmetus pallicornis. The highest host diversity index was found in North Dumoga with a value of 1.47. The highest abundance index was found in N. lugens host in East Dumoga with a value of 43%. The highest density was found in the host N. lugens in Central Dumoga with a value of 1.93 ind / m2. There were indications of differences in virulence of the B. bassiana local isolates that were influenced by the spesies of host and location Keywords: Beauveria bassiana, diversity, Bolaang Mogondow Regency, diversity and abundance indices

Sukuk Performance Using Comparison of Return and Risk Through Calculation of Market Price and Fair Price

Sukuk investors’ important information used by investors of Sukuk (proof or claim of ownership on assets) is the market price of the Sukuk issued by the IDX and the fair price of the Sukuk issued by the Indonesian Securities Price Appraiser (PHEI). This is a signal or initial information for investors in considering the decision to invest in Sukuk. The measured performance returns as measured by Holding Period Yield (HPY), Yield To Maturity (YTM), and Sharpe Index, while Risk of Sukuk is measured based on its standard deviation. Corporate Sukuk are classified into financial and non-financial sectors and have short, medium, and long maturities. Comparative analysis is conducted using an Independent Sample t-test and ANOVA. The results showed that the average Sukuk return was calculated at a higher market price than the fair price. Sukuk return results in a pattern of movement that tends to be inversely proportional to the market price or fair price of the Sukuk, while the risk of Sukuk based on price issuing institutions had a movement pattern that tends to be in the same direction as the price. Furthermore, corporate Sukuk in the non-financial sector had a higher average return but was more susceptible to risk than the financial sector. Corporate Sukuk with long maturities had a higher average yield and risk exposure than medium and short-term Sukuk. Hypothesis testing showed a significant difference between the market price and the fair price of corporate Sukuk.

Prognostication of the asymmetry of population incomes in Ukrainian regions

The article presents the results of the medium-term forecast of income asymmetry of the population of Ukraine. Of the set of special research methods, statistical analysis was used. The initial information for the forecast was the official statistical data, namely: the income of the population of Ukraine in the dynamics by the type of economic activity and in the regional section over the past ten years. Construction of the forecast of the income and the definition of asymmetry was carried out based on the generalization of homogeneous phenomenons (million UAH and ten years). The average values were used to compare the obtained results, summarizing the characteristics of mass, qualitatively homogeneous socio-economic phenomenons, which scientifically predicted the main prospects. The results show a steady trend in the asymmetry of income asymmetry in Ukraine (both by type of economic activity and region), which will remain until 2024. In addition, it is found that Luhansk and Donetsk regions and the indicator (property income received) require additional research by surveying to establish the key risk factors.

Participation of Women and Men in Entrepreneurship in Various Countries

Purpose: The paper is devoted to the actual problem of the existing differences in women’s and men’s entrepreneurship. The aim of the research is to assess the prevailing levels of women’s and men’s participation in entrepreneurial activity in modern national economies. Methodology: The study dealt with the problem of determining indicator values characterizing the early stage of entrepreneurship; mature (sustainable) entrepreneurship, as well as quitting business activities. The results of the surveys conducted in 59 countries throughout the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Project were used as initial information. Findings: In the course of the research, nine indicators characterizing such stages as start-up and sustainable entrepreneurship along with the cessation of this activity were examined. The study developed the functions that show the distribution of the indicators in 59 countries describing women’s and men’s proportions at three main stages of entrepreneurship. Research limitations: The study had limitations on empirical data due to the fact that only 59 countries were considered. Originality: The attained results have indicated that there is a gender gap among the indicators of entrepreneurship in most countries, which means that women participate in it to a smaller extent than men. The methodological approach to assessing gender differences in entrepreneurship presented in the article can be applied in further research.

Development of mathematical models and optimization of operation modes of the oil heating station of main oil pipelines under conditions of fuzzy initial information

The relevance of the study is substantiated by the fact that when managing the processes of oil transportation through main pipelines, it becomes necessary to determine and select the optimal operating modes of the oil pipeline units, taking into account the fuzziness of some part of the initial information. In this regard, solving the problem of multi-criteria selection of effective operating modes for an oil heating station for a hot oil pipeline system, which is often described in a fuzzy environment, based on the apparatus of fuzzy set theories, is an urgent scientific and practical problem. A method for the synthesis of models in the conditions of fuzzy output parameters of the object has been developed, with the help of which fuzzy models of the investigated oil heating station of the main oil pipeline have been built. Based on the modification and combination of various optimality principles, mathematical formulations of the problem of multi-criteria selection of effective operating modes for an oil heating station in a fuzzy environment are obtained. By modifying and adapting the principles of guaranteed results and equality in a fuzzy environment, a heuristic method has been developed for solving the formulated problem of selecting object's operation modes using the initial fuzzy information. The proposed heuristic method for multi-criteria selection in a fuzzy environment is based on the use of the experience and knowledge of the decision-maker. The proposed approach is implemented in the formulation and solution of the problem of multi-criteria selection of operating modes of the oil heating station in Atyrau of the Uzen-Atyrau-Samara main oil pipeline. As a result of the application of the proposed method, an improvement in the degree of fulfillment of a fuzzy restriction on environmental impact was achieved by 2 %, as well as the optimal values of the operating parameters of the object were improved: the temperature was reduced by 1.85 % (5.67 K), pressure – by 0.04 % (kPa) and fuel consumption – by 2.9 % (0.0002 kg/s). The obtained results have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach to solving the assigned tasks.

Webliometric Indicators as Elements of the AI Technique of Estimation of the Language Teacher’s Net Proficiency

The article deals with the issues related to the scientometric indexing of the net resources of the group of language teachers and scientists. A detailed accounting of all types of publications allows us to obtain initial information about the level of their Internet engagement. The analysis was carried out including a wide range of genres of publications, the structure of publications, the format and language of publications, the corpus of academic subjects, the language aspects of the publications under study, the composition of the authors of publications, based on their position. The authors’ use of wide opportunities to present their developments on various Internet resources provides them with the opportunity to be detected by search systems based on artificial intelligence (AI) as well as Big Data techniques and to be most fully characterized by existing and prospective scientometric systems.

Quasi-Mapping and Satisfying IoT Availability with a Penalty-Based Algorithm

The Internet of things and medical things (IoT) and (IoMT) technologies have been deployed to simplify humanity’s life, which the complexity of communications between their layers was increased by rising joining the applications to IoT and IoMT-based infrastructures. The issue is challenging for decision-making and the quality of service where some researchers addressed the reward-based methods to tackle the problems by employing reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms and deep neural networks (DNNs). Nevertheless, satisfying its availability remains a challenge for the quality of service due to the lack of imposing a penalty to the defective devices after detecting faults. This paper proposes a quasi-mapping method to transfer the roles of sensors and services onto a neural network’s nodes to satisfy IoT-based applications’ availability using a penalty-backwarding approach into the NN’s weights and prunes weak neurons and synaptic weights (SWs). We reward the sensors and fog services, and the connection weights between them when are covered the defective nodes’ output. Additionally, this work provides a decision-making approach to dedicate the suitable service to the requester using employing a threshold value in the NN’s output layer according to the application. By providing an intelligent algorithm, the study decides to provide a service based on its availability and updating initial information, including faulty devices and new joined components. The observations and results prove decision-making accuracy for different IoT-based applications by approximately 95.8–97% without imposing the cost. The study reduces energy consumption and delay by approximately 64.71% and 47.4% compared without using neural networks besides creating service availability. This idea affects deploying IoT infrastructures to decision-making about providing appropriate services in critical situations because of removing defective devices and joining new components by imposing penalties and rewards by the designer, respectively.

PROBLEM OF DECISION-MAKING ON CONTROL OF THE PROCESS OF HYDRAULIC TREATMENT OF A CATALYTIC REFORMING PLANT IN A FUZZY MEDIUM AND DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR ITS SOLUTION

The problems of formulating and solving the problem of making decisions on the control of the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment are investigated and an effective method for solving such problems with the involvement of experts, their experience, knowledge and intuition is proposed. The statement of the problem of controlling the hydrotreating process, which takes place in the hydrotreating reactor and is characterized by the indistinctness of the initial information, is obtained in the form of the problem of making decisions on the choice of the optimal operating mode of the hydrotreating reactor. The management criteria were chosen to maximize the volume of production, i.e. hydrogenate, and improving the quality characteristics of the manufactured products. In the mathematical formulation of the decision-making problem for the management of the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment and the development of a method for its solution, the ideas of the principle of the main criterion and maximin were used by adapting them to work in a fuzzy environment. A heuristic method has been developed for solving the assigned decision-making tasks for controlling the hydrotreating process in a fuzzy environment. The originality and novelty of the applied approach to the formulation and solution of the decision-making problem in a fuzzy environment consists in increasing the adequacy of the decision made in a fuzzy environment due to the maximum use of the initial fuzzy information.