Associative transcriptomics of traits in the polyploid crop species Brassica napus

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 798-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L Harper ◽  
Martin Trick ◽  
Janet Higgins ◽  
Fiona Fraser ◽  
Leah Clissold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Crop Species

scholarly journals The control of seed oil polyunsaturate content in the polyploid crop species Brassica napus

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Wells ◽  
Martin Trick ◽  
Eleni Soumpourou ◽  
Leah Clissold ◽  
Colin Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Crop Species

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Commercial Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Varieties from Turkey as Revealed by RAPD

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem ÖZBEK ◽  
Betül Uçar GIDIK
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Binary Matrix ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Commercial Crop ◽  
The Mean

In cultivated commercial crop species, genetic diversity tends to decrease because of the extensive breeding processes. Therefore, germplasm of commercial crop species, such as Brassica napus L. should be evaluated and the genotypes, which have higher genetic diversity index, should be addressed as potential parental cross materials in breeding programs. In this study, the genetic diversity was analysed by using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis (RAPD) technique in nine Turkish commercial rapeseed varieties. The RAPD primers (10-mer oligonucleotides) produced 51 scorable loci, 31 loci of which were polymorphic (60.78%) and 20 loci (39.22%) were monomorphic The RAPD bands were scored as binary matrix data and were analysed using POPGENE version 1.32. At locus level, the values of genetic diversity within population (Hs) and total (HT) were 0.15 and 0.19 respectively. The genetic differentiation (GST) and the gene flow (Nm) values between the populations were 0.20 and 2.05 respectively. The mean number of alleles (na), the mean number of effective alleles (nae), and the mean value of genetic diversity (He) were 2.00, 1.26, and 0.19 respectively. According to Pearson’s correlation, multiple regression and principal component analyses, eco-geographical conditions in combination had significant effect on genetic indices of commercial B. napus L. varieties were discussed.

Comparison of the crop species Brassica napus and wild B. rapa: characteristics relevant for building up a persistent seed bank in the soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom J. de Jong ◽  
Maria Tudela Isanta ◽  
Elze Hesse
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Seed Survival ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Aliphatic Glucosinolates ◽  
Seed Characters ◽  
Persistent Seed Bank ◽  
Important Character

AbstractCan seed characters be used for predicting the presence of a persistent seed bank in the field? We address this question using ten cultivars of the crop Brassica napus, ten feral B. napus accessions originating from seeds collected in the field and nine accessions of the closely related ruderal species Brassica rapa. When buried for a year in the field, seeds of the wild B. rapa displayed, as expected, much higher survival fractions than those of domesticated B. napus at two different locations in The Netherlands. Compared to B. napus, B. rapa produces relatively small seeds with high levels of aliphatic glucosinolates and a thick seed coat. However, within each species none of these characters correlated with seed survival in the soil. At low temperatures, B. rapa seeds had lower and more variable germination fractions than those of B. napus; a small fraction (4.6%) of the B. rapa seeds showed primary dormancy. Rather surprisingly, B. napus displayed genetic differences in germination at low temperature, and germination fractions at 5°C correlated negatively with seed survival in the soil. Our comparisons between and within the two species suggest that foregoing germination at low temperatures is an important character for developing a persistent seed bank. We discuss our results in light of environmental risk assessment of genetically modified B. napus.

scholarly journals Characterization and Fine Mapping of a Yellow-Virescent Gene Regulating Chlorophyll Biosynthesis and Early Stage Chloroplast Development in Brassica napus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3201-3211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanji Zhao ◽  
Lijiang Liu ◽  
Luqman Bin Safdar ◽  
Meili Xie ◽  
Xiaohui Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Chloroplast Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Protoporphyrin Ix ◽  
Chloroplast Ultrastructure ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Chlorophyll Accumulation ◽  
Nucleotide Mutation

Abstract Chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development are crucial to photosynthesis and plant growth, but their regulatory mechanism remains elusive in many crop species. We isolated a Brassica napus yellow-virescent leaf (yvl) mutant, which exhibited yellow-younger-leaf and virescent-older-leaf with decreased chlorophyll accumulation and delayed chloroplast development. We mapped yvl locus to a 70-kb interval between molecular markers yvl-O10 and InDel-O6 on chromosome A03 in BC2F2 population using whole genome re-sequencing and bulked segregant analysis. The mutant had a ‘C’ to ‘T’ substitution in the coding sequence of BnaA03.CHLH, which encodes putative H subunit of Mg-protoporphyrin IX chelatase (CHLH). The mutation resulted in an imperfect protein structure and reduced activity of CHLH. It also hampered the plastid encoded RNA polymerase which transcribes regulatory genes of photosystem II and I. Consequently, the chlorophyll a/b and carotenoid contents were reduced and the chloroplast ultrastructure was degraded in yvl mutant. These results explain that a single nucleotide mutation in BnaA03.CHLH impairs PEP activity to disrupt chloroplast development and chlorophyll biosynthesis in B. napus.

scholarly journals Capturing sequence variation among flowering-time regulatory gene homologs in the allopolyploid crop species Brassica napus

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Schiessl ◽  
Birgit Samans ◽  
Bruno Hüttel ◽  
Richard Reinhard ◽  
Rod J. Snowdon
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Sequence Variation ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Crop Species

scholarly journals Regulatory divergence of flowering time genes in the allopolyploid Brassica napus

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Marc Jones ◽  
Rachel Wells ◽  
Nick Pullen ◽  
Martin Trick ◽  
Judith A. Irwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Gene Networks ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Duplicated Genes ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Gene Expression Dynamics ◽  
Flowering Time Gene ◽  
In Cis

AbstractPolyploidy is a recurrent feature of eukaryotic evolution and has been linked to increases in complexity, adaptive radiation and speciation. Within angiosperms, such events occur repeatedly in many plant lineages. We investigated the role of duplicated genes in the regulation of flowering in Brassica napus. This relatively young allotetraploid represents a snapshot of evolution and artificial selection in progress. In line with the gene balance hypothesis, we find preferential retention of expressed flowering time genes relative to the whole genome. Furthermore, gene expression dynamics across development reveal diverged regulation of many flowering time gene copies. This finding supports the concept of responsive backup circuits being key for the retention of duplicated genes. A case study of BnaTFL1 reveals differences in cis-regulatory elements downstream of these genes that could explain this divergence. Such differences in the regulatory dynamics of duplicated genes highlight the challenges for translating gene networks from model to more complex polyploid crop species.

scholarly journals Burial Environment Drives Seed Mortality of Kochia (Bassia scoparia), Wild Oat (Avena fatua), and Volunteer Canola (Brassica napus) Irrespective of Crop Species

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1961
Author(s):  
Charles M. Geddes
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Population Demography ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Seed Survival ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Seed Mortality

Models of weed population demography are critical to understanding the long-term viability of management strategies. The driving factors of weed seedbank persistence are often underrepresented in demographic models due to the cumbersome nature of seedbank research. Simplification of weed seedbank dynamics may induce substantial error in model simulations. A soil bioassay was conducted to determine whether growth of different crop species, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), canola (Brassica napus L.), and field pea (Pisum sativum L.), differentially impact seed mortality of kochia [Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott], wild oat (Avena fatua L.), and volunteer canola in seven burial environments in western Canada. Weed seed survival after the 7 week burial period varied widely among burial environments (from 8% to 88% when averaged among weed and crop species), whereas growth of the different crop species had negligible impact on seedbank persistence. Among environments, wild oat seed survived the greatest (79%), followed by kochia (20%), and volunteer canola (6%). Weed seed survival was associated with soil physical properties (texture) and seed microsite characteristics (temperature), but not crop species or soil chemical properties. Overall, these data support the need for greater integration of soil and environmental parameters into models of weed population demography.

scholarly journals Are insect flower visitor assemblages distinguishable between Brassica napus and B. rapa?

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brad G. Howlett ◽  
Ruth C. Butler ◽  
Melanie K. Walker ◽  
David A.J. Teulon
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Flower Visitor ◽  
Assemblage Composition ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Window Traps ◽  
Delia Platura

Brassica napus and Brassica rapa are grown across six continents for purposes including oilseed, biofuel, vegetables and livestock fodder. Hybridisation between the two can downgrade seed quality reducing grower returns. We assess the similarity of flower visitor assemblages of both species to determine the applicability of pollinator management strategies to both. Insect taxa were collected using window traps placed within ten peak-flowering fields, five each of B. napus and B. rapa (one cultivar/species) located in South Canterbury, New Zealand. Both crops contained similar flower visitor assemblages with 25 of 29 taxa in common. Of the 1549 insects counted, Apis mellifera was most abundant (~40% of individuals in both crops). Bombus terrrestris and the flies Delia platura, and Oxysarcodexia varia were also common. Crop location more likely influenced assemblage composition than crop species. Strategies to boost the role of bee and non-bee pollinators have potential benefits for both crops; however, a broader understanding of pollinator movement between crops is required to optimise seed purity and crop spacing.

scholarly journals Use of mRNA-seq to discriminate contributions to the transcriptome from the constituent genomes of the polyploid crop species Brassica napus

BMC Genomics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Higgins ◽  
Andreas Magusin ◽  
Martin Trick ◽  
Fiona Fraser ◽  
Ian Bancroft
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Crop Species
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