Chemical and Sensorial Characterization of Scented and Non-Scented Alstroemeria Hybrids

Floral scent plays an important ecological role attracting pollinators. Its composition has been elucidated for a vast diversity of species and is dominated by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, phenylpropanoids and benzenoid compounds. Considering that floral scent is also an important character for the ornamental plant market, this study was aimed at characterizing and comparing the molecular composition of scented and non-scented alstroemeria flowers. Confirmation of floral scent was performed through sensorial analysis, while GC-MS analysis detected monoterpenes and esters as major volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A total of 19 and 17 VOCs were detected in the scented hybrids 13M07 and 14E07, respectively. The non-scented hybrid 13B01 shared 14 VOCs with the scented hybrids, although it showed different relative concentrations. Comparison between scented and non-scented hybrids suggests that diversity and amounts of VOCs are likely due to the ecological role of scent, while the human perception of floral scent is not strictly related to the VOC profile.

Violence, History and Silence in Amitav Ghosh’s The Shadow Lines

This article analyzes Amitav Ghosh’s The Shadow Lines to examine a narrative gap at its heart that conceals the central fact of the death of Tridib, arguably the most important character in the text. The novel concentrates on the Partition of Bengal and its impact on people from different countries and nationalities in Asia and Europe. Accommodating the story of three generations of people in three cities--Dhaka, Calcutta, and London--The Shadow Lines shows the interaction of characters belonging to Hindu, Muslim, and Christian faith. Important events in the text revolve around the family of Mayadebi, her sister Tha’mma and the Prices, their English friends. The narrative begins in 1939 and ends in 1964, connecting the Second World War, the Partition in 1947, and the riots of 1964 in Calcutta and Dhaka. Using Tha’mma, the grandmother of the unnamed narrator, as the connecting link between their pre-modern life before Partition in Dhaka and diasporic life in post-Partition Calcutta, The Shadow Lines depicts the traumatic suffering of characters from different nationalities but mainly from India and Bangladesh. The paper argues that the silence and secrecy maintained by Tha’mma and others about Tridib’s death mirrors the silence of official history concerning violence in their narrative of civilization, freedom, and progress which Ghosh unravels to produce a novelistic revisionist history that not only challenges the mainstream history but also fills the gaps it leaves.

Chaetotaxy ontogeny of Bdella (Acari: Prostigmata: Bdelloidea) with morphological descriptions of all life stages of B. xini sp. nov. from China

Chaetotaxy is an important character especially in mites and can be applied in species diagnosis, phylogenetics, ontogeny, and so on. Chaetotaxic ontogeny of Bdella was carried out through comparing both immature and adult descriptions of eight Bdella species, including a new species, B. xini sp. nov., from China. Based on these species, chaetotaxy changes in Bdella mainly focused on ventral hypostomal setae (vh), setae on palpal basifemur, aggenital setae (ag), genital setae (g), anal setae (ad) and leg setae.

PERAN PEDIDIKAN KRISTEN BAGI PERTUMBUHAN KARAKTER ANAK DAN REMAJA

This paper discusses the role of Christian education in the character development of children and adolescents. The purpose of this paper is to find out how important character growth is for children and adolescents.This paper shows how to make children and adolescents with Christian characters reflect Christian values, which are based on their spiritual relationship with God who is the center of Love, Peace and Forgiveness. Children and adolescents with Christian character will build good relationships with others and other creatures so that communication will build mutual respect, tolerance, and live in harmony even in differences and diversity.

An integrated approach for synonymization of Rotylenchus rhomboides with R. goodeyi (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae) reveals high intraspecific mitogenomic variation

Rotylenchus is a widely-distributed economically important plant-parasitic nematode group whose species-level identification relies largely on limited morphological characters including character-based tabular keys and molecular data of ribosomal and mitochondrial genes. In this study, a combined morphological and molecular analysis of three populations of R. goodeyi from Belgium, Poland and the Netherlands revealed important character variations of this species leading to synonymisation of R. rhomboides with R. goodeyi, and a high nucleotide variation within cox1 gene sequences in these populations. Additional Illumina sequencing of DNA from individuals of the Dutch population revealed two variants of mitogenomes each of approximately 23 Kb in size, differing by about 9% and containing eleven protein coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes and up to 29 transfer RNA genes. In addition to the first representative whole genome shotgun sequence datasets of the genus Rotylenchus, this study also provides the full length mitogenome and the ribosomal DNA sequences of R. goodeyi.

Social Network for Game of Thrones

Along with growing interest and use, the concept of network analysis has taken a new direction to explore data and facts to find existing patterns. The paper highlights the importance of social network analysis in analyzing and mining useful information from the data across various domains. It provides an insight into need, importance and scope of Social Network Analysis. With the use of Social networking tool like NetworkX, data is being represented in the form of graph or network which is then analyzed in a more efficient way making it easier to study the interactions between different persons in Game of thrones and establishing trends existing in a network. A comparative analysis of various centrality measures such as Degree centrality, Betweenness centrality, Closeness centrality, PageRank centrality is performed to explore the features associated to find the most important character of the series based on obtained results.

A new moss species from northwestern China: Bryum glacierum (Bryaceae)

The form of the gemmae appears to be constant within Bryum species, and it is an important character for distinguishing among closely related species. In this study, we describe a new species of Bryum, B. glacierum Y.Y. Liu & Y.H. Wu, that was collected from Tianshan Mountain in China along with a description of its gemmae. This species is distinguished morphologically by (1) gemmiforfm to julaceous shoots; (2) broadly ovate leaves, strongly concave, with obtuse to acuminate apex, plane and undifferentiated leaf margins, rhombic to rhomboidal distal and medial cells; and (3) dark red-brown, obconic or ovate bulbils with peg-like leaf primordia, densely clustered in the leaf axils of sterile shoots. The new moss species is currently known from two localities in northwestern China. The species seems to prefer high altitudes, growing as a pioneer mainly on ground exposed by retreating glaciers. The principal distinctive characters that separate Bryum glacierum from similar species of Bryum and Pohlia are discussed. An identification key for bulbiferous species of Bryum in China is provided.

Book Review: Important Character Education in the Covid-19 Era

Character education is a system that aims to shape character by developing the potential in each one to match character values. Character education is structured based on the values contained in Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. In the beginning, character education was considered not very important, but as the world developed, character education was finally highlighted. Character education is deemed vital because it shapes and develops potential, strengthens and improves, and filters out other things that do not follow the character values in everyday life and Pancasila.Character education can be a stronghold in various circumstances, even in emergencies such as the Covid-19 pandemic. However, in preventing the spread of Covid-19, many violations of health protocols resulted in unsuccessful character education, so strengthening character education was needed. Strengthening character education aims to improve the harmonization of taste, emotion, mind, and body so that character values are emphasized again.This book aims to provide solutions regarding strengthening character education, namely by gradually supporting character education to increase awareness of the importance of implementing health protocols and reducing the number of cases infected with Covid-19. The author provides a new perspective on how to strengthen character during the pandemic effectively. This review aims to inform the contents of the book "Important Character Education in the Covid-19 Era: Strengthening Character Education Prepares Peer Tutor Students in the Family and Ska Youth Organization" to readers so that lessons can be taken so that they can implement in life. This book is intended for all people to increase awareness of health protocols.

Re-evaluation of the Amazonian Hylaeaicum (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) based on neglected morphological traits and molecular evidence

Generic status for the Amazonian Hylaeaicum is proposed within the Aechmea alliance, excluding it from the “Nidularioid complex” in general and from Neoregelia in particular. The monophyly of this new genus is supported by molecular phylogenetic analyses. The taxonomic circumscription of Hylaeaicum is based on the combination of geographical range and morphological characters, such as clonal growth, inflorescence structure, petal and corolla conformation, petal appendages, ovary, ovule, stigma, pollen, fruit, and seed, as well as seed anatomy, thoroughly documented and illustrated from field-collected specimens that flowered in cultivation in the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, and in Refúgio dos Gravatás. The presence of seeds with long bicaudate appendages on both chalazal and micropylar ends is reported for the first time in Bromelioideae and considered an important character to distinguish Hylaeaicum from the related genera in the Aechmea alliance. In order to support the morphological distinctness of Hylaeaicum, the most varied and complete documentation of stigmata, fruits, and seeds of Bromelioideae is also presented for the first time, covering 24 genera and 17 subgenera. Fourteen new combinations, including 12 species and two varieties, are proposed.

Performance of Different Green Manuring Crops in Bangladesh

An experiment was conducted at Sher-e-bangla Agricultural University during May to July, 2016 to examine the morpho-physical potentiality of eight green manure species and these species are viz. Sesbania aculeata, Sesbania rostrata, Crotalaria juncea, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna mungo, Vigna radiata, Leucaena leucocephala and Mimosa pudica. Leaves number, biomass production and nodulation are an important character of any green manuring crops as these crops are very potential for increasing soil fertility after incorporation. The growth habits of these species were studied from 15 DAS to 45DAS whereas dry matter/plant and nodulation data were taken from 25 DAS to 50DAS. At 45DAS, Sesbania aculeata, Sesbania rostrata and Vigna unguiculata shown 53% to 149% higher plant height compared to Vigna mungo, although C. juncea performed better at 30DAS compared to V. unguiculata. Again, C. juncea along with S. rostrata and S. aculeata gave the highest fresh biomass (24% to 72%), dry biomass (2.6t/ha to 5.25t/ha), dry matter plant-1 (60% to 83%) and nodulation compared to rest green manures at 45DAS whereas V. unguiculata produced higher dry matter plant-1 at 20DAS but later it declined insignificantly at 50DAS.The lowest performance was observed from V. mungo followed by V. radiata and M. pudica. It was shown that S. rostrata, S. aculeata, C. juncea, V. unguiculata and L.leucocephala performed better regarding biomass, dry matter and nodule production. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(1): 25-31, April 2021