Patrolling monocytes sense peripheral infection and induce cytokine-mediated neuronal dysfunction

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Priller ◽  
Chotima Böttcher
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Dysfunction ◽  
Peripheral Infection ◽  
Patrolling Monocytes

Astrocytes in health and disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (15) ◽  
pp. 697-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Murányi ◽  
Zsombor Lacza
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Neuronal Dysfunction ◽  
Supporting Cells ◽  
Neuronal Synapses ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Novel Targets ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

It is now known that astrocytes are not merely supporting cells but they also play an important role in neuronal funcions. Astrocytes tightly ensheat neuronal synapses and regulate the excitation of neurons by uptaking neurotransmitters; reglulate the cerebral blood flow, cerebral fluid volume and extracellular concentrations of ions. They also supply fuel in the form of lactate and provide free radical scavangers such as glutathione for active neurons. These facts indicate that impaired function of astrocytes may lead to neuronal dysfunction. After brain injury (stroke, trauma or tumors) astrocytes are swollen and release active molecules such as glutamate or free radicals resulting in neuronal dysfunction. Thus, investigation of the molecular mechanisms of astrocyte function may reveal novel targets for the development of therapeutic tools in neuronal diseases.

scholarly journals Pain-Related Brain Connectivity Changes in Migraine: A Narrative Review and Proof of Concept about Possible Novel Treatments Interference

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Marina de Tommaso ◽  
Eleonora Vecchio ◽  
Silvia Giovanna Quitadamo ◽  
Gianluca Coppola ◽  
Antonio Di Renzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular System ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Neuronal Dysfunction ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

A neuronal dysfunction based on the imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory cortical-subcortical neurotransmission seems at the basis of migraine. Intercritical neuronal abnormal excitability can culminate in the bioelectrical phenomenon of Cortical Spreading Depression (CSD) with secondary involvement of the vascular system and release of inflammatory mediators, modulating in turn neuronal activity. Neuronal dysfunction encompasses the altered connectivity between the brain areas implicated in the genesis, maintenance and chronic evolution of migraine. Advanced neuroimaging techniques allow to identify changes in functional connectivity (FC) between brain areas involved in pain processes. Through a narrative review, we re-searched case-control studies on FC in migraine, between 2015 and 2020, by inserting the words migraine, fMRI, EEG, MEG, connectivity, pain in Pubmed. Studies on FC have shown that cortical processes, in the neurolimbic pain network, are likely to be prevalent for triggering attacks, in response to predisposing factors, and that these lead to a demodulation of the subcortical areas, at the basis of migraine maintenance. The link between brain dysfunction and peripheral interactions through the inhibition of CGRP, the main mediator of sterile migraine inflammation needs to be further investigated. Preliminary evidence could suggest that peripheral nerves inference at somatic and trigeminal levels, appears to change brain FC.

Neuronal dysfunction in the frontal cortex in schizophrenia evaluated by 1h mrs study

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Calabrese ◽  
C. Colombo ◽  
A. Bonfanti ◽  
A. Falini ◽  
S. Lipari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Dysfunction ◽  
1H Mrs

scholarly journals Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 knockin mice develop a progressive neuronal dysfunction with age-dependent accumulation of mutant CaV2.1 channels

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (33) ◽  
pp. 11987-11992 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Watase ◽  
C. F. Barrett ◽  
T. Miyazaki ◽  
T. Ishiguro ◽  
K. Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinocerebellar Ataxia ◽  
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type ◽  
Neuronal Dysfunction ◽  
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 6 ◽  
Age Dependent

Zinc Improves Cognitive and Neuronal Dysfunction During Aluminium-Induced Neurodegeneration

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 406-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Singla ◽  
D. K. Dhawan
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Dysfunction

scholarly journals S1PR5 is pivotal for the homeostasis of patrolling monocytes

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1667-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Debien ◽  
Katia Mayol ◽  
Vincent Biajoux ◽  
Cécile Daussy ◽  
Mercedes Gomez De Aguero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patrolling Monocytes
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