Evidence of Pleiotropic Loci for Fasting Insulin, Total Fat Mass, and Abdominal Visceral Fat in a Sedentary Population: The HERITAGE Family Study

This study compared the effect of prolonged moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on reducing abdominal visceral fat in obese young women with that of work-equivalent (300 kJ/training session) high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Forty-three participants received either HIIT (n=15), MICT (n=15), or no training (CON,n=13) for 12 weeks. The abdominal visceral fat area (AVFA) and abdominal subcutaneous fat area (ASFA) of the participants were measured through computed tomography scans preintervention and postintervention. Total fat mass and the fat mass of the android, gynoid, and trunk regions were assessed through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Following HIIT and MICT, comparable reductions in AVFA (−9.1, −9.2 cm2), ASFA (−35, −28.3 cm2), and combined AVFA and ASFA (−44.7, −37.5 cm2,p>0.05) were observed. Similarly, reductions in fat percentage (−2.5%, −2.4%), total fat mass (−2.8, −2.8 kg), and fat mass of the android (−0.3, −0.3 kg), gynoid (−0.5, −0.7 kg), and trunk (−1.6, −1.2 kg,p>0.05) regions did not differ between HIIT and MICT. No variable changed in CON. In conclusion, MICT consisting of prolonged sessions has no quantitative advantage, compared with that resulting from HIIT, in abdominal visceral fat reduction. HIIT appears to be the predominant strategy for controlling obesity because of its time efficiency.

Download Full-text

Relationship between Visceral Fat and PAI-1 in Overweight Men and Women before and after Weight Loss

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1614860 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 82 (11) ◽

pp. 1490-1496 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

M. Kockx ◽

R. Leenen ◽

J. Seidell ◽

H. M. G. Princen ◽

T. Kooistra

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Energy Deficit ◽

Obese Women ◽

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽

Men And Women ◽

Total Fat ◽

Pai 1

SummaryThis study was aimed at evaluating the relationship between visceral fat accumulation and plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels in healthy, obese men and women undergoing weight loss therapy. The subjects, 25 men and 25 premenopausal women, aged between 26 and 49 years, with an initial body mass index between 28 and 38 kg/m2, received a controlled diet for 13 weeks providing a 4.2 MJ/day energy deficit. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat. Our results show that before weight loss visceral fat was significantly correlated with PAI-1 in men (r = 0.45; p <0.05), but not in women (r = -0.15; ns). The association between visceral fat and PAI-1 in men remained significant after adjustment for age and total fat mass, and multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant independent contribution of visceral fat to plasma PAI-1 levels. Both visceral fat areas and PAI-1 levels decreased significantly with weight loss in both men and women. Changes in visceral fat area were related to changes in PAI-1 in women (r = -0.43; p = 0.05) but not in men (r = -0.01; ns); however, this association in women disappeared after adjustment for total fat mass. We conclude that there is a relationship between visceral fat and PAI-1 in obese men but not in obese women, and that PAI-1 levels decrease substantially (52%) by weight loss, but this change is not related to changes in visceral fat mass per se.

Download Full-text

Segregation Analysis of Abdominal Visceral Fat: The HERITAGE Family Study

Obesity Research ◽

10.1002/j.1550-8528.1997.tb00664.x ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 417-424 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Treva Rice ◽

J.P. Després ◽

Louis Perusse ◽

Jacques Gagnon ◽

Arthur S. Leon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Fat ◽

Segregation Analysis ◽

Family Study ◽

Abdominal Visceral Fat

Download Full-text

P-93 Visceral fat mass, not total fat mass or body mass index, is the strongest predictor of circulating ghrelin levels in humans

Growth Hormone & IGF Research ◽

10.1016/s1096-6374(08)70178-3 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

pp. S54

Author(s):

E. Søndergaard ◽

L.C. Gormsen ◽

E.T. Vestergaard ◽

J.S. Christiansen ◽

S. Nielsen

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Total Fat

Download Full-text

Abdominal Visceral Fat and Fasting Insulin Are Important Predictors of 24-Hour GH Release Independent of Age, Gender, and Other Physiological Factors

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jcem.86.8.7731 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 86 (8) ◽

pp. 3845-3852 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Jody L. Clasey ◽

Arthur Weltman ◽

Jim Patrie ◽

Judy Y. Weltman ◽

Suzan Pezzoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Fat ◽

Fasting Insulin ◽

Physiological Factors ◽

Abdominal Visceral Fat

Download Full-text

Disproportionate abdominal visceral fat mass reduction and complete reversal of cardiovascular remodelling accompany Roux-en-Y gastric bypass but not gastric banding - benefits beyond simply weight loss

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽

10.1186/1532-429x-18-s1-o135 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer J Rayner ◽

Rajarshi Banerjee ◽

Jane M Francis ◽

Ravi V Shah ◽

Venkatesh L Murthy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Gastric Banding ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Mass Reduction ◽

Complete Reversal ◽

Abdominal Visceral Fat

Download Full-text

Evidence of LPL gene-exercise interaction for body fat and LPL activity: the HERITAGE Family Study

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.2001.91.3.1334 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 91 (3) ◽

pp. 1334-1340 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Christophe Garenc ◽

Louis Pérusse ◽

Jean Bergeron ◽

Jacques Gagnon ◽

Yvon C. Chagnon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Black Women ◽

Body Mass ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

White Women ◽

Percent Body Fat ◽

Heparin Plasma ◽

Abdominal Visceral Fat

Evidence of a gene-exercise interaction for traits related to body composition is limited. Here, the association between the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) S447X polymorphism and changes in body mass index, fat mass, percent body fat, abdominal visceral fat measured by computed tomography, and post-heparin plasma LPL activity in response to 20 wk of endurance training was investigated in 741 adult white and black subjects. Changes were compared between carriers and noncarriers of the X447 allele after adjustment for the effects of age and pretraining values. No evidence of association was observed in men. However, white women carrying the X447 allele exhibited greater reductions of body mass index ( P= 0.01), fat mass ( P = 0.01), and percent body fat ( P = 0.03); in black women, the carriers exhibited a greater reduction of abdominal visceral fat ( P = 0.05) and a greater increase in post-heparin LPL activity ( P = 0.02). These results suggest that the LPL S447X polymorphism influences the training-induced changes in body fat and post-heparin LPL activity in women but not in men.

Download Full-text

Familial resemblance for abdominal visceral fat: the HERITAGE family study

International Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1038/sj.ijo.0800511 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 21 (11) ◽

pp. 1024-1031 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

T Rice ◽

JP Després ◽

EW Daw ◽

J Gagnon ◽

IB Borecki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Fat ◽

Family Study ◽

Familial Resemblance ◽

Abdominal Visceral Fat

Download Full-text

Administration of recombinant human GHRH-1,44-amide for 3 months reduces abdominal visceral fat mass and increases physical performance measures in postmenopausal women

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.1.02019 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 153 (5) ◽

pp. 669-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Johannes D Veldhuis ◽

James M Patrie ◽

Kirsten Frick ◽

Judith Y Weltman ◽

Arthur L Weltman

Keyword(s):

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Functional Performance ◽

High Dose ◽

Local Skin ◽

Skin Reactivity ◽

Igf I ◽

Abdominal Visceral Fat

Objective: A recent study indicated that twice-daily s.c. administration of a high dose of recombinant human GHRH-1,44-amide (GHRH) for 90 days can alter body composition in healthy older men. No data establish whether this is also true in postmenopausal women. The present study tests the hypothesis that the same GHRH regimen applied in women will: (i) elevate both IGF-I and GH concentrations; and (ii) reduce abdominal visceral fat mass, augment total body water and enhance functional performance. Design: Ten postmenopausal volunteers underwent baseline study and then received 1 mg GHRH twice daily s.c. for 3 months. Methods: Statistical comparisons were made with preintervention baseline data. Results: GHRH administration stimulated: (i) a mean 98 ± 14% elevation of overnight GH concentrations after administration of the peptide for 1 and 3 months (P < 0.005); (ii) a sustained 71 ± 3.5% rise in IGF-I concentrations over the interval from 2 weeks to 3 months (P < 0.0012); (iii) a 16 ± 7% reduction in abdominal visceral fat mass (P = 0.029) and a 14 ± 5% increase in tri-tiated water space (P < 0.025); (iv) an abbreviation of the times required to walk 30 m (P = 0.015) and ascend two flights of stairs (P = 0.003). Most (70%) subjects experienced local skin reactivity. There were no systemic adverse events. Conclusions: A 3-month regimen of GHRH supplementation in postmenopausal women can stimulate GH and IGF-I production, reduce abdominal visceral fat and improve selected measures of physical performance, while inducing significant local skin reactivity.

Download Full-text