scholarly journals Impaired cerebral development in fetuses with congenital cardiovascular malformations: Is it the result of inadequate glucose supply?

2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham M. Rudolph
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Malformations ◽  
Cerebral Development ◽  
Glucose Supply

scholarly journals Filamin A Regulates Cardiovascular Remodeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6555
Author(s):  
Sashidar Bandaru ◽  
Chandu Ala ◽  
Alex-Xianghua Zhou ◽  
Levent M. Akyürek
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Cardiovascular Development ◽  
Filamin A ◽  
Cardiovascular Malformations ◽  
Experimental Animal Models ◽  
Actin Networks ◽  
Cardiovascular Remodeling

Filamin A (FLNA) is a large actin-binding cytoskeletal protein that is important for cell motility by stabilizing actin networks and integrating them with cell membranes. Interestingly, a C-terminal fragment of FLNA can be cleaved off by calpain to stimulate adaptive angiogenesis by transporting multiple transcription factors into the nucleus. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that FLNA participates in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, in which the interaction of FLNA with transcription factors and/or cell signaling molecules dictate the function of vascular cells. Localized FLNA mutations associate with cardiovascular malformations in humans. A lack of FLNA in experimental animal models disrupts cell migration during embryogenesis and causes anomalies, including heart and vessels, similar to human malformations. More recently, it was shown that FLNA mediates the progression of myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. Thus, these latest findings identify FLNA as an important novel mediator of cardiovascular development and remodeling, and thus a potential target for therapy. In this update, we summarized the literature on filamin biology with regard to cardiovascular cell function.

scholarly journals Increased myocardial fat supply improves cardiac energetics and function in heart failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Watson ◽  
P.G Green ◽  
S Neubauer ◽  
O.J Rider
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Cardiac Energetics ◽  
Fat Emulsion ◽  
Euglycaemic Clamp ◽  
Fat Infusion ◽  
And Function ◽  
Glucose Supply

Abstract Introduction The failing heart is starved of energy, in part accounting for its contractile dysfunction. Reduced uptake of fat and sugar required for energy production has frequently been demonstrated in heart failure, therefore altering metabolism of glucose and/or fat is therefore attractive as a therapy. We hypothesized increasing glucose supply would be beneficial over increasing fat supply so measured ATP usage (via PCr/ATP ratio and flux through creatine kinase) and cardiac function during fat emulsion infusion or euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp. Methods 11 patients with a diagnosis of heart failure and nonischaemic cardiomyopathy were recruited, mean age 66 (range 49–80), mean BMI 27.7 (range 21.3–37.5), F:M 3:8, 3 diabetic and 8 non-diabetic. On the first visit they had a baseline cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), collecting cardiac volumes and function, then were randomised to receive either fat infusion or euglycaemic clamp. Following an hour of infusion, CMR was repeated followed by 31P cardiac magnetic resonance spectroscopy, then a dobutamine stress sequence at 65% maximum heart rate. They received the alternate infusion at the next visit. Results Data was normally distributed. Baseline ejection fraction was 37±9%. PCr/ATP ratio was greater with the fat infusion compared to euglycaemic clamp (1.82±0.26 vs 1.68±0.24, p=0.04). Fat emulsion infusion also brought about a greater ejection fraction increase over the baseline, compared to the euglycaemic clamp in which there was little difference (+5.3±5.3% vs −0.6±3.1%, p=0.004). Calculated cardiac work was greater in the fat infusion group than the Insulin/glucose group (682±156 L.mmHg/min vs 581±85 L.mmHg/min, p=0.009). There was no significant difference in creatine kinase first order rate constant (fat infusion 0.2±0.09/s vs euglycaemic clamp 0.16±0.07/s, p=0.32) nor creatine kinase flux (fat infusion 1.85±0.92 μmol/g/s vs euglycaemic clamp 1.46±0.58 μmol/g/s, p=0.22). The increment in cardiac output on stress over baseline was not significantly different between arms (fat infusion +3.39±3.07 L/min vs euglycaemic clamp +3.08±2.57 L/min, p=0.42). The PCr/ATP ratio showed positive correlation with the stress ejection fraction (R2=0.656, p=0.001), but not with resting ejection fraction. Conclusions Increased supply of fat to the myocardium brought about improved contractility and cardiac energetics compared to an increased glucose supply. The increase in PCr/ATP ratio would imply (given ATP concentrations are kept constant in the myocardium) there is a greater availability of phosphocreatine, suggesting increased mitochondrial ATP synthesis. These results were unexpected as it has traditionally been thought that increased glucose metabolism would yield greater cardiac function in the failing heart. These data suggest targeting myocardial fat metabolism may provide novel treatments for cardiac dysfunction. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): British Heart Foundation

scholarly journals Rationale for the Cytogenomics of Cardiovascular Malformations Consortium: A Phenotype Intensive Registry Based Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Hinton ◽  
Kim McBride ◽  
Steven Bleyl ◽  
Neil Bowles ◽  
William Border ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Malformations

The effect of energy and nitrogen supply pattern on rumen bacterial growthin vitro

1991 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Henning ◽  
D. G. Steyn ◽  
H. H. Meissner
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Bacterial Growth Efficiency ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Time Zero ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Pulse Dose ◽  
Supply Pattern ◽  
Glucose Supply

AbstractThe effect of energy and nitrogen (N) supply pattern on rumen bacterial growth was investigated in vitro. In experiment 1, glucose was was fed to batch cultures of mixed rumen bacteria according to three patterns namely a pulse dose at time zero (P); even increments at 0·5-h intervals (G) or an intermediate pattern (I), whilst N was supplied in excess. In experiment 2, glucose and N (not in excess) were fed to batch cultures according to four patterns namely glucose and N as pulse doses at time zero, (EPNP); glucose as a pulse dose at time zero and N in 24 even increments at 0·5-h intervals (EPNG); glucose in 24 even increments at 0·5-h intervals and N as a pulse dose at time zero (EGNP) or both glucose and N in 24 even increments at 0·5-h intervals (EGNG). Fermentaton was studied over a 12-h period for both experiments.In experiment 1, bacterial growth efficiency and specific growth rate (39·8,35·5 and 29·9 (g bacterial dry matter (DM) per mol glucose utilized) and 0·33, 0·27 and 0·20 (fraction per h) for treatments P, I, and G respectively) differed significantly between glucose supply patterns. In experiment 2, bacterial growth efficiency and specific growth rate (33·8, 34·7, 25·9 and 22·5 (g baterial DM per mol glucose) and 0·21, 0·18, 0·14 and 0·13 (fraction per h) for treatments EPNP, EPNG, EGNP and EGNG respectively) differed significantly only between glucose supply patterns.It is concluded that the pattern according to which a given amount of energy becomes available affects bacterial growth efficiency, with the fastest supply rate giving the highest efficiency and that, within accepted levels of N supply, synchronization between energy and N availability may be of less importance to bacterial growth efficiency than the energy supply pattern.

scholarly journals Neural crest cell-specific deletion of Rac1 results in defective cell–matrix interactions and severe craniofacial and cardiovascular malformations

2010 ◽  
Vol 340 (2) ◽  
pp. 613-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny S. Thomas ◽  
Jieun Kim ◽  
Stephanie Nunez ◽  
Michael Glogauer ◽  
Vesa Kaartinen
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Cardiovascular Malformations ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions ◽  
Crest Cell ◽  
Specific Deletion

The causes and underlying developmental mechanisms of congenital cardiovascular malformations: A critical review

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (S3) ◽  
pp. 411-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold J. Bruyere ◽  
Steve A. Kargas ◽  
Jay M. Levy ◽  
John M. Opitz ◽  
Jay Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Malformations ◽  
Developmental Mechanisms

Incidence and types of congenital cardiovascular malformations in Japanese trisomy 21 fetuses around 20 weeks

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Miyabara ◽  
Masahiko Ando ◽  
Kaoru Suzumori ◽  
Makoto Nishibatake ◽  
Nakamichi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Cardiovascular Malformations

The analysis of neurodevelopmental disorders by the generation of 3D cerebral organoids mimicking the human cerebral development

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. S194-S195
Author(s):  
M. Jung ◽  
J. Schiller ◽  
A.S. Gimpel ◽  
A. Hartmann ◽  
I. Giegling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Cerebral Development

scholarly journals Congenital cardiovascular malformations: Questions on inheritance

1989 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 756-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Ferencz ◽  
Joann A. Boughman ◽  
Catherine A. Neill ◽  
Joel I. Brenner ◽  
Lowell W. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Malformations
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document