scholarly journals Blood pressure risk factors in early adolescents: results from a Ugandan birth cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 679-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swaib A. Lule ◽  
Benigna Namara ◽  
Helen Akurut ◽  
Lawrence Lubyayi ◽  
Margaret Nampijja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Abstract We aimed to investigate life-course factors associated with blood pressure (BP) among Ugandan adolescents. Between 9th April 2003 and 24th November 2005, 2507 pregnant women from Entebbe municipality and Katabi sub-county were enrolled into a deworming trial. The resulting 2345 live-born offspring were followed to age 10 or 11 years, when between 20th May 2014 to 16th June 2016, BP was measured following standard protocols. Factors associated with BP were assessed using multivariable linear regression. BP was measured in 1119 adolescents with a median age of 10.2 years. Mean systolic BP and diastolic BP was 105.9 mmHg (standard deviation (SD) 8.2) and 65.2 mmHg (SD 7.3), respectively. Maternal gestational body mass index (BMI), higher maternal education status and family history of hypertension were positively associated with adolescent BP. Childhood (age ≤5 years) malaria was associated with lower adolescent systolic BP. Factors measured at time of BP measurement positively associated with systolic BP were age, BMI, waist circumference and Trichuris trichiura (whipworm) infection; higher vegetable consumption was associated with lower systolic BP. Results for diastolic BP were similar, except higher fruit, rather than higher vegetable consumption was associated with lower diastolic BP and there was no association with waist circumference or Trichuris trichiura infection. In summary, life-course exposures were associated with adolescent BP in this tropical birth cohort. Malaria early in life could impact later BP. Interventions initiated early in life targeting individuals with family history of hypertension, aiming to reduce adiposity (in pregnancy and adolescence) and promoting fruit and vegetable consumption might contribute to reducing the risk of high BP and subsequent cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals REPEATED HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE AT 6 AND 11 YEARS AT THE PELOTAS 2004 BIRTH COHORT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia Cruz Guttier ◽  
Raquel Siqueira Barcelos ◽  
Rodrigo Wiltgen Ferreira ◽  
Caroline Cardozo Bortolotto ◽  
William Dartora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Abstract Background: We evaluated the prevalence and the factors associated with repeated high systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 6- and 11-year follow-ups of children from the Pelotas (Brazil) 2004 Birth Cohort. Methods: All live births to mothers living in the urban area of Pelotas were enrolled in the cohort. Blood pressure (BP) values were transformed into Z-scores by sex, age, and height. High SBP and DBP were defined as repeated systolic and diastolic BP Z-scores on the ≥95 th percentile at the two follow-ups. Prevalence (95% confidence interval) of repeated high SBP, DBP, and both (SDBP) were calculated. Associations with maternal and child characteristics were explored in crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 3,182 cohort participants were analyzed. Prevalence of repeated high SBP, DBP and SDBP was 1.7% (1.2-2.1%), 2.3% (1.8-2.9%) and 1.2% (0.9-1.6%), respectively. Repeated high SBP was associated with males, gestational diabetes mellitus (2.92; 1.13-7.58) and obesity at 11 years (2.44; 1.29-4.59); while repeated high DBP was associated with females, family history of hypertension from both sides (3.95; 1.59-9.85) and gestational age <34 weeks (4.08; 1.52-10.96). Repeated high SDBP was not associated with any of the characteristics investigated . Conclusion: Prevalence of repeated high SBP, DBP, and SDBP were within the expected distribution at the population level. Nonetheless, gestational diabetes mellitus, obesity, family history of hypertension, and prematurity increased the risk of repeated high blood pressure measured at two occasions five years apart.

scholarly journals REPEATED HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE AT 6 AND 11 YEARS AT THE PELOTAS 2004 BIRTH COHORT STUDY

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia Cruz Guttier ◽  
Raquel Siqueira Barcelos ◽  
Rodrigo Wiltgen Pereira ◽  
Caroline Cardozo Bortolotto ◽  
William Dartora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Abstract Background We evaluated the prevalence and the factors associated with repeated high systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 6- and 11-year follow-ups of children from the Pelotas (Brazil) 2004 Birth Cohort. Methods All live births to mothers living in the urban area of Pelotas were enrolled in the cohort. Blood pressure (BP) values were transformed into Z-scores according to sex, age and height. High SBP and DBP were defined as repeated systolic and diastolic BP Z-scores on the ≥95th percentile at the two follow-ups. Prevalence (95% confidence interval) of repeated high SBP, DBP and both (SDBP) were calculated. Associations with maternal and child characteristics were explored in crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses. Results 3182 cohort participants were analyzed. Prevalence of repeated high SBP, DBP and SDBP was 1.7% (1.2-2.1%), 2.3% (1.8-2.9%) and 1.2% (0.9-1.6%), respectively. Repeated high SBP was associated with male sex, gestational diabetes mellitus (2.92; 1.13-7.58) and obesity at 11 years (2.44; 1.29-4.59); while repeated high DBP was associated with female sex, family history of hypertension from both sides (3.95; 1.59-9.85) and gestational age <34 weeks (4.08; 1.52-10.96). Repeated high SDBP was not associated with any of the characteristcs investigated. Conclusion Prevalence of repeated high SBP, DBP and SDBP were within the expected distribution at the population level. Nonethless, gestational diabetes mellitus, obesity, family history of hypertension, and prematurity increased the risk of repeated high blood pressure measured at two occasions five years apart.

scholarly journals Repeated high blood pressure at 6 and 11 years at the Pelotas 2004 birth cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Cruz Guttier ◽  
Raquel Siqueira Barcelos ◽  
Rodrigo Wiltgen Ferreira ◽  
Caroline Cardozo Bortolotto ◽  
William Jones Dartora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Abstract Background We evaluated the prevalence and the factors associated with repeated high systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 6- and 11-year follow-ups of children from the Pelotas (Brazil) 2004 Birth Cohort. Methods All live births to mothers living in the urban area of Pelotas were enrolled in the cohort. Blood pressure (BP) values were transformed into Z-scores by sex, age, and height. High SBP and DBP were defined as repeated systolic and diastolic BP Z-scores on the ≥95th percentile at the two follow-ups. Prevalence (95% confidence interval) of repeated high SBP, DBP, and both (SDBP) were calculated. Associations with maternal and child characteristics were explored in crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses. Results A total of 3182 cohort participants were analyzed. Prevalence of repeated high SBP, DBP and SDBP was 1.7% (1.2–2.1%), 2.3% (1.8–2.9%) and 1.2% (0.9–1.6%), respectively. Repeated high SBP was associated with males, gestational diabetes mellitus (2.92; 1.13–7.58) and obesity at 11 years (2.44; 1.29–4.59); while repeated high DBP was associated with females, family history of hypertension from both sides (3.95; 1.59–9.85) and gestational age < 34 weeks (4.08; 1.52–10.96). Repeated high SDBP was not associated with any of the characteristics investigated. Conclusion Prevalence of repeated high SBP, DBP, and SDBP were within the expected distribution at the population level. Nonetheless, gestational diabetes mellitus, obesity, family history of hypertension, and prematurity increased the risk of repeated high blood pressure measured at two occasions 5 years apart.

scholarly journals Repeated High Blood Pressure At 6 And 11 Years At The Pelotas 2004 Birth Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia Cruz Guttier ◽  
Raquel Siqueira Barcelos ◽  
Rodrigo Wiltgen Ferreira ◽  
Caroline Cardozo Bortolotto ◽  
William Dartora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Abstract Background: We evaluated the prevalence and the factors associated with repeated high systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 6- and 11-year follow-ups of children from the Pelotas (Brazil) 2004 Birth Cohort. Methods: All live births to mothers living in the urban area of Pelotas were enrolled in the cohort. Blood pressure (BP) values were transformed into Z-scores by sex, age, and height. High SBP and DBP were defined as repeated systolic and diastolic BP Z-scores on the ≥95 th percentile at the two follow-ups. Prevalence (95% confidence interval) of repeated high SBP, DBP, and both (SDBP) were calculated. Associations with maternal and child characteristics were explored in crude and adjusted logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 3,182 cohort participants were analyzed. Prevalence of repeated high SBP, DBP and SDBP was 1.7% (1.2-2.1%), 2.3% (1.8-2.9%) and 1.2% (0.9-1.6%), respectively. Repeated high SBP was associated with males, gestational diabetes mellitus (2.92; 1.13-7.58) and obesity at 11 years (2.44; 1.29-4.59); while repeated high DBP was associated with females, family history of hypertension from both sides (3.95; 1.59-9.85) and gestational age <34 weeks (4.08; 1.52-10.96). Repeated high SDBP was not associated with any of the characteristics investigated . Conclusion: Prevalence of repeated high SBP, DBP, and SDBP were within the expected distribution at the population level. Nonetheless, gestational diabetes mellitus, obesity, family history of hypertension, and prematurity increased the risk of repeated high blood pressure measured at two occasions five years apart.

Blood Pressure and Intra-Erythrocyte Sodium during Normal and High Salt Intake in Middle-Aged Men: Relationship to Family History of Hypertension, and Neurogenic and Hormonal Variables

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottar Gudmundsson ◽  
Hans Herlitz ◽  
Olof Jonsson ◽  
Thomas Hedner ◽  
Ove Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

1. During 4 weeks 37 normotensive 50-year-old men identified by screening in a random population sample were given 12 g of NaCl daily, in addition to their usual dietary sodium intake. Blood pressure, heart rate, weight, urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and catecholamines, plasma aldosterone and noradrenaline and intra-erythrocyte sodium content were determined on normal and increased salt intake. The subjects were divided into those with a positive family history of hypertension (n = 11) and those without such a history (n = 26). 2. Systolic blood pressure and weight increased significantly irrespective of a positive family history of hypertension. 3. On normal salt intake intra-erythrocyte sodium content was significantly higher in those with a positive family history of hypertension. During high salt intake intra-erythrocyte sodium content decreased significantly in that group and the difference between the hereditary subgroups was no longer significant. 4. In the whole group urinary excretion of noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine increased whereas plasma aldosterone decreased during the increased salt intake. 5. Thus, in contrast to some earlier studies performed in young subjects, our results indicate that moderately increased sodium intake acts as a pressor agent in normotensive middle-aged men whether there was a positive family history of hypertension or not. We confirm that men with positive family history of hypertension have an increased intra-erythrocyte sodium content, and that an increase in salt intake seems to increase overall sympathetic activity.

scholarly journals Childhood hypertension and family history of hypertension in primary school children in Port Harcourt

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-188
Author(s):  
BAN Okoh ◽  
EAD Alikor
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Childhood Hypertension

Objective: To determine the relationship between childhood hypertension and family history of hypertension in primary school children in Port Harcourt.Methods: A stratified multi-staged sampling technique was used torecruit pupils between 6-12 years of age, from thirteen primary schoolslocated in three school districts. Data was collected using a pretestedquestionnaire completed by parents / guardians. The average of three blood pressure measurements, weight and height were taken for each pupil, using standardized techniques. Hypertension was defined as average systolic and / or diastolic blood pressure greater than or equalto the 95th percentile for age, gender and height using the standard bloodpressure charts. Family history of hypertension was defined as eitherparent indicating on the submitted questionnaire that they were hypertensive (diagnosed by a physician and/or on antihypertensive drugs)or had a family history of hypertension.Results: A total of 1302 pupils with 717 (55.1%) females and 585(44.9%) males were studied, giving a female to male ratio of 1.2:1. Themean age of pupils studied was 8.82±1.91 years. Sixty one (4.7%)of the pupils examined had hypertension. Of the 1302 pupils, 316(24.3%) had a family history of hypertension. The mean systolic(p<0.001) and diastolic (p=0.220) blood pressures were higher in childrenwith a family history of hypertension than in those without. Ofthe pupils that had a family history of hypertension, 7.9% had  hypertension, while 3.7% of those that did not have a family history, werefound to be hypertensive (p=0.001).Conclusion: A family history of hypertension was associated with a higher prevalence of childhood hypertension than was seen in children without a family history of hypertension.Key words: Childhood Hypertension, Family history.

scholarly journals Evaluation of blood pressure in school children aged 12-16 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1218
Author(s):  
Balakrishnan Nadesan ◽  
Mani Madhavan Sachithananthamoorthi ◽  
Sivaraman Thirumalaikumarasamy ◽  
Ezhilarasu Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
School Children ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is considered as a major health issue in developed as well as developing countries and its possible origin during childhood prompts pediatricians to routinely include measurement of blood pressure (BP) as an integral part of pediatric physical examination. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the normal range of blood pressure in adolescent school going students of 12-16 years, prevalence of hypertension and relationship of BP with variables like age, body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status and family history of hypertension.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken for a period of one year in adolescent school children in age groups between 12-16 years. Detailed clinical examination was done in 1060 adolescent school children and BP was recorded in right upper limb and correlation of BP with BMI, family history of hypertension and diabetes were studied.Results: Mean systolic and diastolic pressure showed linear relationship with age. There was a highly statistically significant difference between mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure between lower and middle socio-economic class. Prevalence of obesity in our study was 1.13%, overweight was 7.83%. Prevalence of hypertension in obese children was 33.33% and in overweight children 18.07%. Family history of hypertension and diabetes carry a significant correlation with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adolescents.Conclusions: This study revealed that socio economic factors play a significant role in determining the blood pressure of the individual. Children of middle class have significantly elevated mean systolic pressure and mean diastolic pressure than low socio-economic groups. 

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