scholarly journals Systematic review of the changes in the microbiome following spinal cord injury: animal and human evidence

Spinal Cord ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra Valido ◽  
Alessandro Bertolo ◽  
Gion Philip Fränkl ◽  
Oche Adam Itodo ◽  
Tainá Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Study design Systematic review. Objectives To investigate the changes in the microbiome among human and animal populations with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Four databases (EMBASE, Medline (Ovid), Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Trials (CENTRAL)) and Google Scholar were searched. No language restrictions were applied. Data extraction was done in parallel and independently by two reviewers. The search was last conducted on 07 April 2021. Results There were 6869 studies retrieved, 43 full-text studies reviewed, and 19 studies included. There were seven animal gut studies, six human gut studies, and six urinary tract studies identified. There were no publications found on other body sites. Among the included studies, we observed a consistent and significant difference in gut microbiome composition between populations with SCI and able-bodied populations. This is characterized by a decrease in beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria (Faecalbacterium, Megamonas, Roseburia) and an increase in inflammation-associated bacteria (Alistipes, Anaerotruncus, and Lachnoclostridium). On the other hand, the urine of individuals with SCI was polymicrobial and members of Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae) were frequently observed. Probiotics were shown to induce a significant but transient shift in the urinary tract microbiome. The studies had low to moderate risks of bias. Conclusions There are limited studies on the changes in microbiome among SCI populations. The gut microbiome was characterized by bacterial profiles associated with chronic inflammation and metabolic disorder while the studies of the urinary tract microbiome show the dominance of bacterial genera associated with urinary tract infection.

scholarly journals Biomarkers in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury—Technical and Clinical Considerations: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Leister ◽  
Thomas Haider ◽  
Georg Mattiassich ◽  
John L. K. Kramer ◽  
Lukas D. Linde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Csf Biomarkers ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Cord Injury

Objective. To examine (1) if serological or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers can be used as diagnostic and/or prognostic tools in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and (2) if literature provides recommendations regarding timing and source of biomarker evaluation. Data Sources. A systematic literature search to identify studies reporting on diagnostic and prognostic blood and/or CSF biomarkers in SCI was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Science Direct, The Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, and PEDro. Study Selection. Clinical trials, cohort, and pilot studies on patients with traumatic SCI investigating at least one blood or CSF biomarker were included. Following systematic screening, 19 articles were included in the final analysis. PRISMA guidelines were followed to conduct this review. Data Extraction. Independent extraction of articles was completed by 2 authors using predefined inclusion criteria and study quality indicators. Data Synthesis. Nineteen studies published between 2002 and April 2019 with 1596 patients were included in the systematic review. In 14 studies, blood biomarkers were measured, 4 studies investigated CSF biomarkers, and 1 study used both blood and CSF samples. Conclusions. Serum/CSF concentrations of several biomarkers (S100b, IL-6, GFAP, NSE, tau, TNF-α, IL-8, MCP-1, pNF-H, and IP-10) following SCI are highly time dependent and related to injury severity. Future studies need to validate these markers as true biomarkers and should control for secondary complications associated with SCI. A deeper understanding of secondary pathophysiological events after SCI and their effect on biomarker dynamics may improve their clinical significance as surrogate parameters in future clinical studies.

scholarly journals Is Virtual Reality Effective for Balance Recovery in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2861
Author(s):  
Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio ◽  
M. Dolores Rubio ◽  
Alejandro Salazar ◽  
Jose A. Moral-Munoz ◽  
Francisco Requena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Functional Reach Test ◽  
Evidence Database

Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging tool used in the neurological rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), focused on recovering balance, mobility, and motor function, among other functional outcomes. The main objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of VR systems to recover balance in patients with SCI. The literature search was performed between October and December 2019 in the following databases: Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, Medline, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Evidence (SCIRE) system and the PEDro scale, while the risk of bias was analyzed by the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. A total of 12 studies, involving 188 participants, were included in the systematic review, of which two were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis showed favorable results for balance measured by the modified Functional Reach Test (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 3.42; 95% confidence interval: 2.54 to 4.29) and by the t-shirt test (SMD= −2.29; 95% confidence interval: −3.00 to −1.59). The results showed that VR interventions provided potential benefits, in addition to conventional physical therapy, to recover balance in patients with SCI.

scholarly journals MP26-01 INCONSISTENCY IN THE DEFINITION OF URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN THE SPINAL CORD INJURY POPULATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2016 ◽  
Vol 195 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Giusto ◽  
Yahir Santiago-Lastra ◽  
Michael V. Hughes ◽  
Mark MacEachern ◽  
Anne P. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Virtual Reality on Functional Performance after Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaranta De Miguel-Rubio ◽  
M. Dolores Rubio ◽  
Alejandro Salazar ◽  
Rocio Camacho ◽  
David Lucena-Anton
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Cord Injury

A spinal cord injury (SCI) usually results in a significant limitation in the functional outcomes, implying a challenge to the performance of activities of daily living. The main aim of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of virtual reality to improve functional performance in patients with SCI. The search was performed between October and December 2019 in Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated through the PEDro scale, and the risk of bias was evaluated with the Cochrane collaboration’s tool. Seven articles were included in this systematic review, and five of them in the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis showed favorable results for functional performance in control group performing conventional therapy, measured by the functional independence measure (standardized mean difference (SMD)= −0.70; 95% confidence interval: −1.25 to −0.15). Results were inconclusive for other outcomes. Most studies have not shown beneficial effects on functional performance compared with conventional physical therapy. The results obtained showed that virtual reality may not be more effective than conventional physical therapy in improving functional performance in patients with SCI.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Anterior and Posterior Approaches for the Management of Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338
Author(s):  
I Dewa Gede Bracika Damma Prasada ◽  
Ketut Gede Mulyadi Ridia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Operative Treatment ◽  
Anterior Approach ◽  
Posterior Approach ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cord Injury

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating and disabling condition that predominantly affecting younger population. Several management protocols have been suggested to improve outcome of acute traumatic SCI including conservative and operative treatment. For the operative treatment, surgical decompression in SCI could be achieved by posterior, posterolateral and anterior approaches. This systematic review aim to compared the approaches in performing decompression in spinal cord injury. Methods: We conduct study from their inception dates to January 2021 with operative treatment of SCI with anterior and posterior approach as the inclusion criteria. Boolean method and PRISMA guideline was used to optimize the search and finding the study. All of the author assessed the quality of study. Results: A total of 4 studies were included in this systematic review. Three studies reported no significant difference between two approach while one study described anterior approach Is more effective than posterior approach. Discussion: There is still much debate about the approach to be used in patients with spinal cord injuries. Three studies mentioned neither the anterior approach nor the posterior approach had significant differences in managing SCI operatively. One study reported neurological recovery was found to be better in patients operated with the anterior approach. Conclusion: The effectiveness between the use of anterior and posterior approaches in patients with spinal cord injury that both had the same clinical outcome. The location of the difference is only in the posterior approach where there is a significant amount of blood loss also has a much longer hospital stay than the anterior approac Keywords: Spinal Cord Injury, SCI, Surgical Approach, Anterior Approaches, Posterior Approaches.

Urinary tract infection in patients with spinal cord injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
R.V. Salukov ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kolmakov ◽  
A.G. Martov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Cord Injury
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