scholarly journals Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals regulation of fetal ovary development in the monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Hui Zhao ◽  
Chun-Yang Li ◽  
Tie-Gang Meng ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Wen-Bo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
Female Germ Cell ◽  
Fetal Ovary

AbstractGerm cells are vital for reproduction and heredity. However, the mechanisms underlying female germ cell development in primates, especially in late embryonic stages, remain elusive. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of 12,471 cells from whole fetal ovaries, and explored the communications between germ cells and niche cells. We depicted the two waves of oogenesis at single-cell resolution and demonstrated that progenitor theca cells exhibit similar characteristics to Leydig cells in fetal monkey ovaries. Notably, we found that ZGLP1 displays differentially expressed patterns between mouse and monkey, which is not overlapped with NANOG in monkey germ cells, suggesting its role in meiosis entry but not in activating oogenic program in primates. Furthermore, the majority of germ cell clusters that sharply express PRDM9 and SPO11 might undergo apoptosis after cyst breakdown, leading to germ cell attrition. Overall, our work provides new insights into the molecular and cellular basis of primate fetal ovary development at single-cell resolution.

scholarly journals Single cell RNA sequencing reveals regulation of fetal ovary development in the monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Hui Zhao ◽  
Chun-Yang Li ◽  
Tie-Gang Meng ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Wen-Bo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
Female Germ Cell ◽  
Fetal Ovary

ABSTRACTGerm cells are vital for reproduction and heredity. However, the mechanisms underlying female germ cell development in primates, especially in late embryonic stages, remain elusive. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of 12471 cells from whole fetal ovaries, and explored the communications between germ cells and niche cells. We depicted the two waves of oogenesis at single cell resolution and demonstrated that progenitor theca cells exhibit similar characteristics to Leydig cells in fetal monkey ovaries. Notably, we found that ZGLP1 displays differentially expressed patterns between mouse and monkey, which is not overlapped with NANOG in monkey germ cells, suggesting its role in meiosis entry but not in activating oogenic program in primates. Furthermore, the majority of germ cell clusters that highly expressed PRDM9 and SPO11 might undergo apoptosis after cyst breakdown, leading to germ cell attrition. Overall, our work provides new insights into the molecular and cellular basis of primate fetal ovary development at single-cell resolution.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals species-specific time spans of cell cycle transitions in early oogenesis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Hui Zhao ◽  
Tie-Gang Meng ◽  
Hong-Yong Zhang ◽  
Yi Hou ◽  
Heide Schatten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Cell Cycle Regulators ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Interspecies Differences ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
Female Germ Cell

Abstract Oogenesis is a highly regulated process and its basic cellular events are evolutionarily conserved. However, the time spans of oogenesis differ substantially among species. To explore these interspecies differences in oogenesis, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing on mouse and monkey female germ cells and downloaded the single-cell RNA-sequencing data of human female germ cells. The cell cycle analyses indicate that the period and extent of cell cycle transitions are significantly different between the species. Moreover, hierarchical clustering of critical cell cycle genes and the interacting network of cell cycle regulators also exhibit distinguished patterns across species. We propose that differences in the regulation of cell cycle transitions may underlie female germ cell developmental allochrony between species. A better understanding of the cell cycle transition machinery will provide new insights into the interspecies differences in female germ cell developmental time spans.

scholarly journals Single‐cell RNA sequencing reveals the landscape of early female germ cell development

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 12634-12645
Author(s):  
Zheng‐Hui Zhao ◽  
Jun‐Yu Ma ◽  
Tie‐Gang Meng ◽  
Zhen‐Bo Wang ◽  
Wei Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Cell Development ◽  
Germ Cell Development ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
Female Germ Cell

scholarly journals Revealing cellular and molecular transitions in neonatal germ cell differentiation using single cell RNA sequencing

Development ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 146 (6) ◽  
pp. dev174953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyue Liao ◽  
Shuk Han Ng ◽  
Alfred Chun Luk ◽  
Hoi Ching Suen ◽  
Yan Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Germ Cell Differentiation ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing

scholarly journals A single cell RNA sequencing resource for early sea urchin development

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (17) ◽  
pp. dev191528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephany Foster ◽  
Nathalie Oulhen ◽  
Gary Wessel
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Gene Regulatory Network ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing ◽  
Gene Regulatory

ABSTRACTIdentifying cell states during development from their mRNA profiles provides insight into their gene regulatory network. Here, we leverage the sea urchin embryo for its well-established gene regulatory network to interrogate the embryo using single cell RNA sequencing. We tested eight developmental stages in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, from the eight-cell stage to late in gastrulation. We used these datasets to parse out 22 major cell states of the embryo, focusing on key transition stages for cell type specification of each germ layer. Subclustering of these major embryonic domains revealed over 50 cell states with distinct transcript profiles. Furthermore, we identified the transcript profile of two cell states expressing germ cell factors, one we conclude represents the primordial germ cells and the other state is transiently present during gastrulation. We hypothesize that these cells of the Veg2 tier of the early embryo represent a lineage that converts to the germ line when the primordial germ cells are deleted. This broad resource will hopefully enable the community to identify other cell states and genes of interest to expose the underpinning of developmental mechanisms.

scholarly journals Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals the dynamic process and novel markers in porcine spermatogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingkai Zhang ◽  
Fuyuan Li ◽  
Peipei Lei ◽  
Ming Guo ◽  
Ruifang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Male Germ Cells ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing

Abstract Background Spermatogenesis is the process by which male gametes are formed from spermatogonial stem cells and it is essential for the reliable transmission of genetic information between generations. To date, the dynamic transcriptional changes of defined populations of male germ cells in pigs have not been reported. Results To characterize the atlas of porcine spermatogenesis, we profiled the transcriptomes of ~ 16,966 testicular cells from a 150-day-old pig testis through single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). The scRNA-seq analysis identified spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids and three somatic cell types in porcine testes. The functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that these cell types played diverse roles in porcine spermatogenesis. The accuracy of the defined porcine germ cell types was further validated by comparing the data from scRNA-seq with those from bulk RNA-seq. Since we delineated four distinct spermatogonial subsets, we further identified CD99 and PODXL2 as novel cell surface markers for undifferentiated and differentiating spermatogonia, respectively. Conclusions The present study has for the first time analyzed the transcriptome of male germ cells and somatic cells in porcine testes through scRNA-seq. Four subsets of spermatogonia were identified and two novel cell surface markers were discovered, which would be helpful for studies on spermatogonial differentiation in pigs. The datasets offer valuable information on porcine spermatogenesis, and pave the way for identification of key molecular markers involved in development of male germ cells.

scholarly journals Maternal protein restriction affects fetal ovary development in sheep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinwe U Nwachukwu ◽  
Kathryn J Woad ◽  
Nicole Barnes ◽  
D S Gardner ◽  
Robert S Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Ovarian Development ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Protein Restriction ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Maternal Protein Restriction ◽  
Fetal Ovary

Maternal malnutrition has important developmental consequences for the fetus. Indeed, adverse fetal ovarian development could have lifelong impact, with potentially reduced ovarian reserve and fertility of the offspring. This study investigated the effect of maternal protein restriction on germ cell and blood vessel development in the fetal sheep ovary. Ewes were fed control (n=7) or low protein (n=8) diets (17.0g versus 8.7g crude protein.MJ-1 metabolizable energy) from conception to day 65 of gestation (gd65). On gd65, fetal ovaries were subjected to histological and immunohistochemical analysis to quantify germ cells (OCT4, VASA, DAZL), proliferation (Ki67), apoptosis (Caspase 3) and vascularisation (CD31). Protein restriction reduced fetal ovary weight (p<0.05), but had no effect on fetal weight (p>0.05). The density of germ cells was unaffected by maternal diet (p>0.05). In the ovarian cortex, OCT4+ve cells were more abundant than DAZL+ve (p<0.001) and VASA+ve cells (p<0.001). The numbers, density and estimated total weight of OCT4, DAZL, and VASA+ve cells within the ovigerous cords were similar in both dietary groups (p>0.05). Similarly, maternal protein restriction had no effect on germ cell proliferation or apoptotic indices (p>0.05) and the number, area and perimeter of medullary blood vessels and degree of microvascularisation in the cortex (p>0.05). In conclusion, maternal protein restriction decreased ovarian weight despite not affecting germ cell developmental progress, proliferation, apoptosis, or ovarian vascularity. This suggests that reduced maternal protein has potential to regulate ovarian development in the offspring.

scholarly journals Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Revealed the Heterogeneity of Gonadal Primordial Germ Cells in Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Min Jung ◽  
Minseok Seo ◽  
Young Min Kim ◽  
Jin Lee Kim ◽  
Jae Yong Han
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Zebra Finch ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Avian Species ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Single Cell Rna Sequencing

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are undifferentiated gametes with heterogeneity, an evolutionarily conserved characteristic across various organisms. Although dynamic selection at the level of early germ cell populations is an important biological feature linked to fertility, the heterogeneity of PGCs in avian species has not been characterized. In this study, we sought to evaluate PGC heterogeneity in zebra finch using a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach. Using scRNA-seq of embryonic gonadal cells from male and female zebra finches at Hamburger and Hamilton (HH) stage 28, we annotated nine cell types from 20 cell clusters. We found that PGCs previously considered a single population can be separated into three subtypes showing differences in apoptosis, proliferation, and other biological processes. The three PGC subtypes were specifically enriched for genes showing expression patterns related to germness or pluripotency, suggesting functional differences in PGCs according to the three subtypes. Additionally, we discovered a novel biomarker, SMC1B, for gonadal PGCs in zebra finch. The results provide the first evidence of substantial heterogeneity in PGCs previously considered a single population in birds. This discovery expands our understanding of PGCs to avian species, and provides a basis for further research.

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