scholarly journals Cyclic cooling of quantum systems at the saturation limit

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Zaiser ◽  
Chun Tung Cheung ◽  
Sen Yang ◽  
Durga Bhaktavatsala Rao Dasari ◽  
Sadegh Raeisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Quantum Coherence ◽  
Heat Bath ◽  
Boltzmann Distribution ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Saturation Limit ◽  
Physical Limit ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy Centers ◽  
State Spin

AbstractThe achievable bounds of cooling quantum systems, and the possibility to violate them is not well-explored experimentally. For example, among the common methods to enhance spin polarization (cooling), one utilizes the low temperature and high-magnetic field condition or employs a resonant exchange with highly polarized spins. The achievable polarization, in such cases, is bounded either by Boltzmann distribution or by energy conservation. Heat-bath algorithmic cooling schemes (HBAC), on the other hand, have shown the possibility to surpass the physical limit set by the energy conservation and achieve a higher saturation limit in spin cooling. Despite, the huge theoretical progress, and few principle demonstrations, neither the existence of the limit nor its application in cooling quantum systems towards the maximum achievable limit have been experimentally verified. Here, we show the experimental saturation of the HBAC limit for single nuclear spins, beyond any available polarization in solid-state spin system, the Nitrogen-Vacancy centers in diamond. We benchmark the performance of our experiment over a range of variable reset polarizations (bath temperatures), and discuss the role of quantum coherence in HBAC.

scholarly journals Detecting initial correlations via correlated spectroscopy in hybrid quantum systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parth Jatakia ◽  
Sai Vinjanampathy ◽  
Kasturi Saha
Keyword(s):  
Optical Cavity ◽  
Interaction Strength ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Effective Number ◽  
Initial Correlations ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy Centers ◽  
Hybrid Quantum Systems

AbstractGeneric mesoscopic quantum systems that interact with their environment tend to display appreciable correlations with environment that often play an important role in the physical properties of the system. However, the experimental methods needed to characterize such systems either ignore the role of initial correlations or scale unfavourably with system dimensions. Here, we present a technique that is agnostic to system–environment correlations and can be potentially implemented experimentally. Under a specific set of constraints, we demonstrate the ability to detect and measure specific correlations. We apply the technique to two cases related to Nitrogen Vacancy Centers (NV). Firstly, we use the technique on an NV coupled to a P1 defect centre in the environment to demonstrate the ability to detect dark spins. Secondly, we implement the technique on a hybrid quantum system of NV coupled to an optical cavity with initial correlations. We extract the interaction strength and effective number of interacting NVs from the initial correlations using our technique.

scholarly journals Novel Magnetic-Sensing Modalities with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond*

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijie Zheng ◽  
Arne Wickenbrock ◽  
Georgios Chatzidrosos ◽  
Lykourgos Bougas ◽  
Nathan Leefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Quantum Coherence ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Magnetic Sensing ◽  
Weak Magnetic Fields ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy Centers ◽  
Magnetic Sensitivity ◽  
Nv Centers

In modern-day quantum metrology, quantum sensors are widely employed to detect weak magnetic fields or nanoscale signals. Quantum devices, exploiting quantum coherence, are inevitably connected to physical constants and can achieve accuracy, repeatability, and precision approaching fundamental limits. As a result, these sensors have shown utility in a wide range of research domains spanning both science and technology. A rapidly emerging quantum sensing platform employs atomic-scale defects in crystals. In particular, magnetometry using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond has garnered increasing interest. NV systems possess a combination of remarkable properties, optical addressability, long coherence times, and biocompatibility. Sensors based on NV centers excel in spatial resolution and magnetic sensitivity. These diamond-based sensors promise comparable combination of high spatial resolution and magnetic sensitivity without cryogenic operation. The above properties of NV magnetometers promise increasingly integrated quantum measurement technology, as a result, they have been extensively developed with various protocols and find use in numerous applications spanning materials characterization, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), condensed matter physics, paleomagnetism, neuroscience and living systems biology, and industrial vector magnetometry. In this chapter, NV centers are explored for magnetic sensing in a number of contexts. In general, we introduce novel regimes for magnetic-field probes with NV ensembles. Specifically, NV centers are developed for sensitive magnetometers for applications where microwaves (MWs) are prohibitively invasive and operations need to be carried out under zero ambient magnetic field. The primary goal of our discussion is to improve the utility of these NV center-based magnetometers.

scholarly journals Impact of Surface Functionalization on the Quantum Coherence of Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Nanodiamonds

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 13143-13149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Ryan ◽  
Alastair Stacey ◽  
Kane M. O’Donnell ◽  
Takeshi Ohshima ◽  
Brett C. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Quantum Coherence ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy Centers

scholarly journals Cavity-enhanced microwave readout of a solid-state spin sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik R. Eisenach ◽  
John F. Barry ◽  
Michael F. O’Keeffe ◽  
Jennifer M. Schloss ◽  
Matthew H. Steinecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Microwave Cavity ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Collective Interaction ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy Centers ◽  
State Spin ◽  
Nyquist Noise

AbstractOvercoming poor readout is an increasingly urgent challenge for devices based on solid-state spin defects, particularly given their rapid adoption in quantum sensing, quantum information, and tests of fundamental physics. However, in spite of experimental progress in specific systems, solid-state spin sensors still lack a universal, high-fidelity readout technique. Here we demonstrate high-fidelity, room-temperature readout of an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers via strong coupling to a dielectric microwave cavity, building on similar techniques commonly applied in cryogenic circuit cavity quantum electrodynamics. This strong collective interaction allows the spin ensemble’s microwave transition to be probed directly, thereby overcoming the optical photon shot noise limitations of conventional fluorescence readout. Applying this technique to magnetometry, we show magnetic sensitivity approaching the Johnson–Nyquist noise limit of the system. Our results pave a clear path to achieve unity readout fidelity of solid-state spin sensors through increased ensemble size, reduced spin-resonance linewidth, or improved cavity quality factor.

scholarly journals Thin Circular Diamond Membrane with Embedded Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers for Hybrid Spin-Mechanical Quantum Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ali Momenzadeh ◽  
Felipe Fávaro de Oliveira ◽  
Philipp Neumann ◽  
D. D. Bhaktavatsala Rao ◽  
Andrej Denisenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy Centers

scholarly journals A robust fiber-based quantum thermometer coupled with nitrogen-vacancy centers

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 044904
Author(s):  
Shao-Chun Zhang ◽  
Yang Dong ◽  
Bo Du ◽  
Hao-Bin Lin ◽  
Shen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy Centers

scholarly journals Spin-Mechanics with Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers and Trapped Particles

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 651
Author(s):  
Maxime Perdriat ◽  
Clément Pellet-Mary ◽  
Paul Huillery ◽  
Loïc Rondin ◽  
Gabriel Hétet
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Trapped Particles ◽  
Quantum Regime ◽  
Atomic Spins ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy Centers ◽  
Mechanical Oscillators

Controlling the motion of macroscopic oscillators in the quantum regime has been the subject of intense research in recent decades. In this direction, opto-mechanical systems, where the motion of micro-objects is strongly coupled with laser light radiation pressure, have had tremendous success. In particular, the motion of levitating objects can be manipulated at the quantum level thanks to their very high isolation from the environment under ultra-low vacuum conditions. To enter the quantum regime, schemes using single long-lived atomic spins, such as the electronic spin of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, coupled with levitating mechanical oscillators have been proposed. At the single spin level, they offer the formidable prospect of transferring the spins’ inherent quantum nature to the oscillators, with foreseeable far-reaching implications in quantum sensing and tests of quantum mechanics. Adding the spin degrees of freedom to the experimentalists’ toolbox would enable access to a very rich playground at the crossroads between condensed matter and atomic physics. We review recent experimental work in the field of spin-mechanics that employ the interaction between trapped particles and electronic spins in the solid state and discuss the challenges ahead. Our focus is on the theoretical background close to the current experiments, as well as on the experimental limits, that, once overcome, will enable these systems to unleash their full potential.

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