Reply to: On the liquid–liquid phase transition of dense hydrogen

A horizontal electrohydrodynamic (EHD) liquid bridge (also known as a “floating water bridge”) is a phenomenon that forms when high voltage DC (kV·cm−1) is applied to pure water in two separate beakers. The bridge, a free-floating connection between the beakers, acts as a cylindrical lens and refracts light. Using an interferometric set-up with a line pattern placed in the background of the bridge, the light passing through is split into a horizontally and a vertically polarized component which are both projected into the image space in front of the bridge with a small vertical offset (shear). Apart from a 100 Hz waviness due to a resonance effect between the power supply and vortical structures at the onset of the bridge, spikes with an increased refractive index moving through the bridge were observed. These spikes can be explained by an electrically induced liquid–liquid phase transition in which the vibrational modes of the water molecules couple coherently.

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Two-state thermodynamics and the possibility of a liquid-liquid phase transition in supercooled TIP4P/2005 water

The Journal of Chemical Physics ◽

10.1063/1.4944986 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 144 (14) ◽

pp. 144504 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

Rakesh S. Singh ◽

John W. Biddle ◽

Pablo G. Debenedetti ◽

Mikhail A. Anisimov

Keyword(s):

Phase Transition ◽

Liquid Phase ◽

Liquid Phase Transition

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Evaporative flux from a shallow watertable: The influence of a vapour–liquid phase transition

Journal of Hydrology ◽

10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.035 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 321 (1-4) ◽

pp. 77-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

J.W. Gowing ◽

F. Konukcu ◽

D.A. Rose

Keyword(s):

Phase Transition ◽

Liquid Phase ◽

Liquid Phase Transition ◽

Evaporative Flux

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EFFECT OF THE SURFACES ON ORIENTATIONAL PROPERTIES AND PECULIARITIES OF PHASE TRANSITIONS IN THERMOTROPIC NEMATICS

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979205030888 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (18) ◽

pp. 2975-2987 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

ARIF NESRULLAJEV ◽

FATMA Z. TEPEHAN

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Phase Transition ◽

Liquid Phase ◽

Mean Field Theory ◽

Mean Field ◽

Eutectic Mixture ◽

Transition Temperatures ◽

Isotropic Liquid ◽

Liquid Phase Transition ◽

Phase Transition Temperatures

In this work, the effect of thin films on the orientational, thermotropic and optical properties and on the peculiarities of the nematic–isotropic liquid phase transition has been carried out. The planar textures of MBBA+EBBA eutectic mixture on the surfaces coated with Al 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 thin films have been obtained. The optical and thermodynamical parameters of the obtained, oriented textures have been determined. The effect of thin films on the temperature width of heterophase region and on the nematic–isotropic liquid phase transition temperatures has been investigated. The shift of the phase transition temperatures and the change of the temperature width of the heterophase region have been revealed. For the analysis of peculiarities of the nematic–isotropic liquid phase transition and the heterophase regions of this transition, the mean field theory has been used.

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