HLA-independent T cell receptors for targeting tumors with low antigen density

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health problem with an important biological and a significant socio-economic impact all over the world. There is a high pressure to come up with a new and more efficient strategy against HBV infection, especially after the recent success of HCV treatment. Preventing HBV infection through vaccine is currently the most efficient way to decrease HBV-related cirrhosis and liver cancer incidence, as well as the best way to suppress the HBV reservoir. The vaccine is safe and efficient in 80-95% of cases. One of its most important roles is to reduce materno-fetal transmission, by giving the first dose of vaccine in the first 24 hours after birth. Transmission of HBV infection early in life is still frequent, especially in countries with high endemicity.Successful HBV clearance by the host is immune-mediated, with a complex combined innate and adaptive cellular and humoral immune response. Different factors, such as the quantity and the sequence of HBV epitope during processing by dendritic cells and presenting by different HLA molecules or the polymorphism of T cell receptors (TOL) are part of a complex network which influences the final response. A new potential therapeutic strategy is to restore T-cell antiviral function and to improve innate and adaptive immune response by immunotherapeutic manipulation.It appears that HBV eradication is far from being completed in the next decades, and a new strategy against HBV infection must be considered. Abbreviations: ALT: alanine aminotransferase; APC: antigen presenting cells; cccDNA: covalently closed circular DNA; HBIG: hepatitis B immunoglobulin; HbsAg: hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; CTL: cytotoxic T lymphocyte; IFN: interferon; NUC: nucleos(t)ide analogues; pg RNA: pre genomic RNA; TLR: toll-like receptors; TOL: T cell receptors.

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Long-term effect of high cyclophosphamide doses on the repertoire of T-cell receptors of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes in patients with autoimmune vasculitis

Bulletin of Russian State Medical University ◽

10.24075/brsmu.2017-05-07 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 68-74

Author(s):

E. M. Merzlyak ◽

◽

S. A. Kasatskaya ◽

A. V. Sosnovskaya ◽

M. A. Israelson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

T Lymphocytes ◽

T Cell Receptors ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Term Effect ◽

Cell Receptors ◽

Long Term Effect

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Single Patient Protocol: A Phase II Study Using the Administration of Autologous T-Cells Genetically Engineered to Express T-Cell Receptors Reactive Against Mutated Neoantigens in a Patient With Metastatic Cancer Plus the Administration of Pembrolizumab

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct04135092 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

Phase Ii ◽

T Cell Receptors ◽

Phase Ii Study ◽

Metastatic Cancer ◽

Genetically Engineered ◽

Single Patient ◽

Cell Receptors

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Recognition of the peripheral self by naturally arising CD25+ CD4+ T cell receptors.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1020686.244563 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Huenig

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

T Cell Receptors ◽

Cd4 T Cell ◽

Cell Receptors

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of A role for differential variable gene pairing in creating T cell receptors specific for unique major histocompatibility ligands.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.13393983.14762092 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Edward Collins

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

T Cell Receptors ◽

Major Histocompatibility ◽

Cell Receptors ◽

Variable Gene

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Crossreactive αβ T cell receptors are the predominant targets of thymocyte negative selection.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.725901722.793512050 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Jay Kolls ◽

Patricia Castillo

Keyword(s):

T Cell ◽

T Cell Receptors ◽

Negative Selection ◽

Cell Receptors

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IMGT® Biocuration and Comparative Analysis of Bos taurus and Ovis aries TRA/TRD Loci

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12010030 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Perrine Pégorier ◽

Morgane Bertignac ◽

Viviane Nguefack Ngoune ◽

Géraldine Folch ◽

Joumana Jabado-Michaloud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

T Cell ◽

T Cell Receptors ◽

Bos Taurus ◽

Homo Sapiens ◽

Adaptive Immune Response ◽

Ovis Aries ◽

Cell Receptors ◽

Adaptive Immune

The adaptive immune response provides the vertebrate immune system with the ability to recognize and remember specific pathogens to generate immunity, and mount stronger attacks each time the pathogen is encountered. T cell receptors are the antigen receptors of the adaptive immune response expressed by T cells, which specifically recognize processed antigens, presented as peptides by the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility (MH) proteins. T cell receptors (TR) are divided into two groups, αβ and γδ, which express distinct TR containing either α and β, or γ and δ chains, respectively. The TRα locus (TRA) and TRδ locus (TRD) of bovine (Bos taurus) and the sheep (Ovis aries) have recently been described and annotated by IMGT® biocurators. The aim of the present study is to present the results of the biocuration and to compare the genes of the TRA/TRD loci among these ruminant species based on the Homo sapiens repertoire. The comparative analysis shows similarities but also differences, including the fact that these two species have a TRA/TRD locus about three times larger than that of humans and therefore have many more genes which may demonstrate duplications and/or deletions during evolution.

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