Mycorrhizal fungal community structure in tropical humid soils under fallow and cropping conditions

Rice is a staple food for the world’s population. However, the straw produced by rice cultivation is not used sufficiently. Returning rice straw to the field is an effective way to help reduce labor and protect the soil. This study focused on the effect of water-covered depth with the freeze–thaw cycle on rice straw decomposition and the soil fungal community structure in a field in Northeast China. The field and controlled experiments were designed, and the fungal ITS1 region was tested by high-throughput sequencing for analyzing the fungal communities in this study. The results showed that water coverage with the freeze–thaw cycle promoted the decomposition of rice straw and influenced the fungal community structure; by analyzing the network of the fungal communities, it was found that the potential keystone taxa were Penicillium, Talaromyces, Fusarium, and Aspergillus in straw decomposition; and the strains with high beta-glucosidase, carboxymethyl cellulase, laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase could also be isolated in the treated experiment. Furthermore, plant pathogenic fungi were found to decrease in the water-covered treatment. We hope that our results can help in rice production and straw return in practice.

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Comparison of rhizosphere soil microbial diversity of different introduced alfalfa varieties

10.21203/rs.3.rs-124595/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chunhui Ma ◽

Jiangjiao Qi ◽

Xue Yu ◽

Lihe Su ◽

Tingting He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Fungal Community ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Desert Soil ◽

High Yield ◽

Soil Microbial Diversity ◽

Fungal Community Structure

Abstract Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage legume in farming and animal husbandry systems. In this study, MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was applied to assess the relationship between bacterial and fungal community structures and alfalfa growth characteristics and soil physical and chemical properties induced by different cultivars alfalfa (Victoria, Kangsai, Aohan) in the grey desert soil. The results showed that the diversity of bacterial and fungal in Victoria was higher, and the bacterial diversity was significantly lower for alfalfa with Aohan than for the others, and the fungal diversity was lower for alfalfa with Kangsai than for the others. Heatmap showed that total nitrogen, fresh weight, pH and organic have significantly affect fungal community structure, whereas pH and organic carbon also significant effects on bacterial community structure. LefSe analysis showed that the growth adaptability of introduced alfalfa is mainly related to fungal and bacterial species, and the beneficial microorganisms with significant differences and relative high abundance are significantly enriched in Victoria. Pathogens with high relative abundance are mainly concentrated in Aohan alfalfa soil. Based on our findings, Victoria is the high-yield alfalfa suitable for planting in gray desert soil, while planting Kangsai and Aohan alfalfa needs probiotic for adjuvant.

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Peer Review #1 of "Dynamics of soil properties and fungal community structure in continuous-cropped alfalfa fields in Northeast China (v0.1)"

10.7287/peerj.7127v0.1/reviews/1 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Peer Review ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Northeast China ◽

Fungal Community Structure

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Peer Review #2 of "Dynamics of soil properties and fungal community structure in continuous-cropped alfalfa fields in Northeast China (v0.1)"

10.7287/peerj.7127v0.1/reviews/2 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Peer Review ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Northeast China ◽

Fungal Community Structure

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Uncovering fungal community composition in natural habitat of Ophiocordyceps sinensis using high-throughput sequencing and culture-dependent approaches

10.21203/rs.3.rs-28393/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chuanbo Zhang ◽

Chao-Hui Ren ◽

Yan-Li Wang ◽

Qi-Qi Wang ◽

Yun-Sheng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

High Throughput ◽

Fungal Community ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Bioactive Metabolites ◽

Fungal Community Structure ◽

Ophiocordyceps Sinensis ◽

Culturable Fungi ◽

Culture Dependent

Abstract Background The fungal communities inhabiting natural Ophiocordyceps sinensis play critical ecological roles in alpine meadow ecosystem, contribute to infect host insect, influence the occurrence of O. sinensis, and are repertoire of potential novel metabolites discovery. However, a comprehensive understanding of fungal communities of O. sinensis remain elusive. Therefore, the present study aimed to unravel fungal communities of natural O. sinensis using combination of high-throughput sequencing and culture-dependent approach. Results A total of 280,519 high-quality sequences, belonging to 5 fungal phyla, 15 classes, 41 orders, 79 families, 112 genera, and 352 putative operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from natural O. sinensis using high-throughput sequencing. Among of which, 43 genera were identified in external mycelial cortices (EMC), Ophiocordyceps, Sebacinia, Archaeorhizomyces were predominant genera with the abundance of 95.86%, 1.14%, 0.85%, respectively. Total 66 genera were identified from soil microhabitat, Inocybe, Archaeorhizomyces, Unclassified Thelephoraceae, Tomentella, Thelephora, Sebacina, Unclassified Ascomycota, Unclassified Fungi were predominant genera with an average abundance of 53.32%, 8.69%, 8.12%, 8.12%, 7.21%, 4.6%, 3.08% and 3.05%, respectively. The fungal communities in external mycelial cortices (EMC) were significantly distinct from the soil microhabitat (Soil). Meanwhile, seven culture media that benefit for the growth of O. sinensis were used to isolate culturable fungi at 16 °C, resulted in 77 fungal strains isolated for rDNA ITS sequence analysis, belonging to 33 genera, including Ophiocordyceps, Trichoderma, Cytospora, Truncatella, Dactylonectria, Isaria, Cephalosporium, Fusarium, Cosmospora, Paecilomyces, etc.. Among all culturable fungi, Mortierella and Trichoderma were predominant genera of total isolates. Conclusions The significantly distinction and overlap in fungal community structure between two approaches highlight that integration of approaches would generate more information than either of them. Our finding is the first investigation of fungal community structure of natural O. sinensis by two approachs, provide new insight into O. sinensis associated fungi, and support that microbiota of O. sinensis is an untapped source for novel bioactive metabolites discovery.

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