Evaluation of Immunodiagnostic Tests for Leprosy in Brazil, China and Ethiopia

ABSTRACTThe sensitivity and specificity of double immunodiffusion (DID), indirect haemagglutination test (IHA), immunoelectrophoresis (IEP), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were evaluated and compared using saline extracted ofTaenia soliumlarval scolex and its Sephadex G-200 fractionated 1st and 2nd peak as antigens. Various immunodiagnostic tests gave different results with different antigens. Highest sensitivity (92·5%) was obtained with ELISA using 1st peak antigen and lowest sensitivity was obtained with DID. However, 88·4% and 84·6% sensitivity was obtained with IHA and CIEP respectively using scolex antigen. CIEP gave better results as compared to IEP. Crude antigen gave high sensitivity but less specificity. It was concluded that CIEP can be used as a field test for the anti-mortem diagnosis and ELISA can be employed for laboratory confirmation ofT. soliumcysticercosis in pigs using frationated 1st peak antigen.

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Accuracy of Immunodiagnostic Tests for Active Tuberculosis Using Single and Combined Results: A Multicenter TBNET-Study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0003417 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 3 (10) ◽

pp. e3417 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Delia Goletti ◽

Carrara Stefania ◽

Ornella Butera ◽

Massimo Amicosante ◽

Martin Ernst ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Active Tuberculosis ◽

Immunodiagnostic Tests

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Recognition of Mycobacterial Antigens Delivered by Genetically Detoxified Bordetella pertussis Adenylate Cyclase by T Cells from Cattle with Bovine Tuberculosis

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.72.11.6255-6261.2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 72 (11) ◽

pp. 6255-6261 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

H. Martin Vordermeier ◽

Marcela Simsova ◽

Katalin A. Wilkinson ◽

Robert J. Wilkinson ◽

R. Glyn Hewinson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Adenylate Cyclase ◽

Fusion Protein ◽

Bordetella Pertussis ◽

Bovine Tuberculosis ◽

Economic Problem ◽

T Cell Recognition ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Mycobacterial Antigens ◽

Immunodiagnostic Tests

ABSTRACT The exponential increase in the incidence of tuberculosis in cattle over the last two decades in the British national herd constitutes a significant economic problem. Therefore, research efforts are under way to develop cattle tuberculosis vaccines and specific diagnostic reagents to allow the distinction of vaccinated from infected animals. Mycobacterial antigens like ESAT-6 and CFP10 allow this distinction. This study investigates whether fusion protein of ESAT-6 or CFP10 with genetically detoxified Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase (CyaA) are recognized by Mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle more effectively than conventional recombinant proteins are, thus enhancing sensitivity or reducing the amount of antigens required. By measuring the frequencies of gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-producing cells, we were able to show that the presentation of CFP10 as a CyaA fusion protein enhanced the molecular efficiency of its recognition 20-fold, while the recognition of ESAT-6 was not improved by CyaA delivery. Furthermore, in the whole-blood IFN-γ test currently used in the field, the delivery of CFP10 and ESAT-6 by fusion to CyaA increased the amount of IFN-γ produced and hence the proportion of infected animals responding to CFP10. The improved T-cell recognition of CyaA336/CFP10 was found to be dependent upon interaction with CD11b. In addition, presentation of CyaA336/CFP10 to CD4+ T cells was chloroquine sensitive, and CFP10 delivery by CyaA resulted in its accelerated presentation to T cells. In conclusion, the use of CyaA fusion proteins with ESAT-6 and CFP10 has the potential to improve the sensitivity of immunodiagnostic tests detecting bovine tuberculosis in cattle.

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Comparison of three immunodiagnostic tests for experimental Heterophyes heterophyes infection in dogs

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.10.021 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 151 (2-4) ◽

pp. 196-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Attef M. Elshazly ◽

Hany M. Elsheikha ◽

Mohammad H. Rahbar ◽

Soha I. Awad

Keyword(s):

Immunodiagnostic Tests

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Reduced sensitivity of immunodiagnostic tests for active tuberculosis in children

European Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1007/s00431-010-1166-y ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 169 (6) ◽

pp. 775-775

Author(s):

Michael Eisenhut

Keyword(s):

Active Tuberculosis ◽

Tuberculosis In Children ◽

Immunodiagnostic Tests

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Immunodiagnostic Tests in the Assessment of Specific Sensitization to M. tuberculosis in Children under the Current Epidemical Situation

Tuberculosis and lung diseases ◽

10.21292/2075-1230-2021-99-11-47-54 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (11) ◽

pp. 47-54

Author(s):

L. V. Poddubnаya ◽

E. P. Shilovа ◽

D. A. Kudlаy ◽

N. P. Doktorovа

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Age Groups ◽

Tuberculin Test ◽

Mantoux Test ◽

Recombinant Allergen ◽

Tuberculous Infection ◽

Tuberculosis Case ◽

Degree Of Sensitization ◽

High Degree ◽

Immunodiagnostic Tests

The objective: to study the degree of specific sensitization according to the results of intradermal immunodiagnostic tests in children with different manifestations of tuberculosis infection under the current epidemic situation.Subjects and Methods. The degree of tuberculin sensitization was studied in 299 children from different age groups (0-14 years old) who were registered for dispensary follow-up in 2018-2019.Based on the results of a tuberculosis recombinant allergen test (TRA), the degree of specific sensitization was studied in children with tuberculin tests conversion (n = 102) and infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) for 2 years or more (n = 165) exposed to tuberculous infection in their families and from healthy environment, and 145 patients under 14 years old with local respiratory tuberculosis.Results. Moderate sensitization to tuberculin predominated in children with converted tuberculin test exposed to tuberculous infection in their families and those from healthy environments. According to the results of TRA test, a high degree of sensitization was observed 4.7 times more frequently in children with tuberculin test conversion exposed to tuberculosis in their families. In children from healthy environments, negative responses to TRA test were registered 2.4 times more frequently. In 73% of children infected with MTB, results of annual Mantoux tests didn’t differ much. Hyperergic reactions to TRA test in infected children exposed to tuberculous infection were 10 times more frequent than in those from healthy environments. A direct correlation was found between the high degree of sensitization to active M. tuberculosis and exposure to a tuberculosis case with a positive result of sputum test (χ2 < 0.001, p < 0.05). In the case of converted tuberculin test and infection with M. tuberculosis for 2 years or more, pronounced and hyperergic reactions to TRA test were registered with equal frequency and did not depend on the timing and duration of infection. A high risk factor and predictor of the disease development is high sensitization of the host to active M. tuberculosis which is found in patients with tuberculosis using TRA test six times more frequently versus Mantoux test (OR 5.951, 95% CI 3.548 and 9.981). The demonstrated results are important for the identification of children facing a high risk to develop active tuberculosis and preventive treatment prescription.

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Correction: Accuracy of Immunodiagnostic Tests for Active Tuberculosis Using Single and Combined Results: A Multicenter TBNET-Study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/annotation/9c073390-ed15-44c9-bb85-b64e094e351a ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Delia Goletti ◽

Stefania Carrara ◽

Ornella Butera ◽

Massimo Amicosante ◽

Martin Ernst ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Active Tuberculosis ◽

Immunodiagnostic Tests

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Bedaquiline in the treatment regimen of multidrugresistant tuberculosis (clinical observation)

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2020-17-91-97 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 91-97

Author(s):

V. A. Aksenova ◽

N. I. Klevno ◽

A. D. Pakhlavonova ◽

A. V. Kazakov ◽

E. A. Sokolskaya

Keyword(s):

Clinical Observation ◽

Chemotherapy Regimen ◽

Culture Method ◽

Tuberculosis Complex ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

X Ray ◽

Family Contact ◽

Immunodiagnostic Tests ◽

Test Result

Current trials are underway to design chemotherapy regimens that include bedaquiline to treat children with rifampicin and isoniazid resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. This clinical observation is interesting from the viewpoint of experience of the potential effective and safe use of the new anti-tuberculosis drug bedaquiline (Sirturo) in children under 12 years of age, as the publications of clinical trials of the drug use in children is limited. The female patient was diagnosed with primary tuberculosis complex complicated by infusional pleurisy based on the epidemiological anamnesis (family contact with tuberculosis patients), immunodiagnostic tests – a positive ATR-test result (Diaskin-test), pathological changes in the lung tissue and intrathoracic lymph nodes found on the chest CT scans. The diagnosis was confirmed by detection of MBT in pleural effusion by PCR and liquid culture method (BACTEC MGIT-960), which are resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin (multidrug resistance, MDR). The girl was enrolled in a clinical trial and treated according to chemotherapy regimen IV including a new anti-tuberculosis drug, which she received for 6 months. There was a positive clinical and X-ray dynamics of the tuberculosis process with minimal residual changes throughout the entire course of chemotherapy followed by confirmed clinical cure of TB (after 24-month follow-up). Based on the example of this clinical observation, it can be concluded that bedaquiline is safe and showed good clinical efficacy in the chemotherapy regimen to treat MDR MBT in children under 12 years of age.

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