scholarly journals Nondestructive analysis of alterations of Chinese jade artifacts from Jinsha, Sichuan Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Bao ◽  
Xuemei Yun ◽  
Chaohong Zhao ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Yuesheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Natural Weathering ◽  
Nondestructive Analysis ◽  
Intensive Research

Abstract Jade, which is one of the most characteristic materials constituting Chinese artifacts, signifies cultural differences between ancient Chinese and western civilizations. One of the most important typical characteristics of ancient jade artifacts recovered through archeological excavations is color alterations due to human activity and natural weathering, which has led to an area of intensive research in archeology. “Alteration” refers to chemical component and structural changes in jade artifacts caused by human activity and natural weathering, which is different from the term in geology. In this study, Raman spectroscopy was used to analyze six color alterations on ancient jade artifacts unearthed from the Jinsha Site in Sichuan Province, a region famous for artifacts with colorful alterations. The colorful alterations were observed to originate from corrosion products of bronzeware. The green, black, yellow, blue, purple, and white alterations were due to malachite, tenorite, pyromorphite, azurite, diaboleite, and cassiterite, respectively. Meanwhile, organic matter and hypertoxic arsenolite were first found on ancient jade artifacts.

scholarly journals Structural and Technological Approach to Reveal the Role of the Lipid Phase in the Formation of Soy Emulsion Gels with Chia Oil

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Ana M. Herrero ◽  
Claudia Ruiz-Capillas
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Protein Secondary Structure ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Α Helix ◽  
Β Sheet ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Chia Oil

Considerable attention has been paid to emulsion gels (EGs) in recent years due to their interesting applications in food. The aim of this work is to shed light on the role played by chia oil in the technological and structural properties of EGs made from soy protein isolates (SPI) and alginate. Two systems were studied: oil-free SPI gels (SPI/G) and the corresponding SPI EGs (SPI/EG) that contain chia oil. The proximate composition, technological properties (syneresis, pH, color and texture) and structural properties using Raman spectroscopy were determined for SPI/G and SPI/EG. No noticeable (p > 0.05) syneresis was observed in either sample. The pH values were similar (p > 0.05) for SPI/G and SPI/EG, but their texture and color differed significantly depending on the presence of chia oil. SPI/EG featured significantly lower redness and more lightness and yellowness and exhibited greater puncture and gel strengths than SPI/G. Raman spectroscopy revealed significant changes in the protein secondary structure, i.e., higher (p < 0.05) α-helix and lower (p < 0.05) β-sheet, turn and unordered structures, after the incorporation of chia oil to form the corresponding SPI/EG. Apparently, there is a correlation between these structural changes and the textural modifications observed.

Study of structural changes of gluten proteins during bread dough mixing by Raman spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 358 ◽  
pp. 129916
Author(s):  
Eloïse Lancelot ◽  
Joran Fontaine ◽  
Joëlle Grua-Priol ◽  
Ali Assaf ◽  
Gérald Thouand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Bread Dough ◽  
Gluten Proteins ◽  
Dough Mixing

scholarly journals Overview of Popular Techniques of Raman Spectroscopy and Their Potential in the Study of Plant Tissues

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1537
Author(s):  
Aneta Saletnik ◽  
Bogdan Saletnik ◽  
Czesław Puchalski
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Identification Technique

Raman spectroscopy is one of the main analytical techniques used in optical metrology. It is a vibration, marker-free technique that provides insight into the structure and composition of tissues and cells at the molecular level. Raman spectroscopy is an outstanding material identification technique. It provides spatial information of vibrations from complex biological samples which renders it a very accurate tool for the analysis of highly complex plant tissues. Raman spectra can be used as a fingerprint tool for a very wide range of compounds. Raman spectroscopy enables all the polymers that build the cell walls of plants to be tracked simultaneously; it facilitates the analysis of both the molecular composition and the molecular structure of cell walls. Due to its high sensitivity to even minute structural changes, this method is used for comparative tests. The introduction of new and improved Raman techniques by scientists as well as the constant technological development of the apparatus has resulted in an increased importance of Raman spectroscopy in the discovery and defining of tissues and the processes taking place in them.

scholarly journals Structural Changes in Doped Ge2Sb2Te5 Thin Films Studied by Raman Spectroscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kozyukhin ◽  
M. Veres ◽  
H.P. Nguyen ◽  
A. Ingram ◽  
V. Kudoyarova
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Structural Changes

S-Edge-rich MoxSy arrays vertically grown on carbon aerogels as superior bifunctional HER/OER electrocatalysts

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (42) ◽  
pp. 20284-20294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Cheng ◽  
Pengfei Yuan ◽  
Xiaohui Xu ◽  
Sijie Guo ◽  
Kanglei Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Carbon Aerogels ◽  
Clear Identification ◽  
First Time

Operando Raman spectroscopy is used for the first time for clear identification of the intrinsic active sites, intermediates and structural changes in Mo4S16@GCA.

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