scholarly journals Plant growth promoters mediated quality and yield attributes of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) ecotypes under salinity stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noreen Zahra ◽  
Abdul Wahid ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Hafeez ◽  
Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni ◽  
Tariq Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Plant Growth Promoters ◽  
Moringa Leaf Extract

AbstractSilybum marianum (L.) Gaertn (Astraceae) is a well-reputed medicinal plant mostly utilized for silymarin (Sily) content and oil production, however, the information about Sily contents in achene part is still fragmented under different climatic conditions. In this study four milk thistle ecotypes from Faisalabad (FSD), Gujranwala (GUJ), Quetta (QTA), and Kallar kahar (KK) having an altered achene color were analyzed under salt stress. Application of plant growth promoters (PGPs) is one of the solution for ameliorating the effect of salinity and increasing the quantity and quality traits of milk thistle, so ascorbic acid (AsA), thiourea (TU), and moringa leaf extract (MLE) were soil supplied after developing salinity stress (120 mM with irrigation) at germination stage. Predetermined levels were selected for PGPs such as AsA (500 µM), MLE (3%), and TU (250 µM). Results revealed that all yield related attributes were significantly decreased, while secondary metabolites, pericarp epidermis, pericarp parenchyma, and pericarp seed integument increased under salinity stress. Data suggested that PGPs treatment was helpful to alleviate the deleterious effects of salinity stress and enhance the milk thistle quality and quantity parameters. The ecotypic variations with altered achene color patterns represent an advantage for QTA ecotypes for higher Sily extraction under salt stressed conditions.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Plasticity for Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Milk Thistle under Salt Stress: Modulatory Role of Soil Supplementations with Plant Growth Promoters

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 692-700
Author(s):  
Noreen Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Plant Growth Promoters ◽  
Semi Arid

Salinity stress negatively affects key physiological phenomena in plants while plants show great variability and respond differentially for tolerance to salt stress. Usually, nutrients imbalances affect specific plant tissues and physiological processes which are requisite for normal plant growth and development. The aim of this two-year (2017 and 2018) simulated field study was to investigate phenotypic plasticity for growth, relative leaf water content (RLWC) and nutrient status in milk thistle [Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.] ecotypes and the potential role of soil supplementation with pre-optimized levels of plant growth promoters (PGPs) in modulating these attributes under control and salinity (12 dS/m) stress. Four ecotypes of milk thistle were collected from three ecologically distinct zones including Faisalabad (FSD) and Kalar Kahar (KK) – semi-arid zone, Gujranwala (GUJ) – hot semi-arid zone and Quetta (QTA) – cool semi-arid zone. The studied nutrients were nitrate-N, phosphate-P, sulfate-S, sodium (Na), potassium (K) and calcium (Ca). The soil supplemented PGPs, applied with irrigation water, were ascorbic acid (AsA), thiourea (TU) and moringa leaf extract (MLE) at 250 μM, 500 μM and 3%, respectively of soil moisture content at field capacity. Results indicated that soil supplementation of PGPs in the field conditions is a feasible approach for enhancing nutrient uptake of milk thistle ecotypes under salt stress, while the effect of salinity stress restricted the uptake of the studied nutrients and caused their imbalance. Although the salinity stress reduced shoot and root dry matter, RLWC and restricted the uptake of these nutrients irrespective of ecotypes, the levels of nitrate-N, phosphate-P, K, sulfate-S, Ca, and RWC contents increased more with the soil supplementation of AsA followed by MLE as compared to other soil supplements in both the study years. Among the ecotypes, QTA followed by KK and FSD ecotypes gained more dry weight with greater leaf RWC and higher tissue nutrient contents due to PGPs under salt stress. The principal component analysis and correlation data revealed the existence of distinct phenotypic plasticity in the milk thistle ecotypes for nutrient acquisition with soil supplementation of PGPs under salinity stress. To conclude, ecotypes from QTA and KK were more promising than the others while AsA and MLE were better soil supplements in improving shoot and root nutrients under salt stress. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

scholarly journals Seaweeds’ carbohydrate polymers as plant growth promoters

2021 ◽  
pp. 100097
Author(s):  
Diana Pacheco ◽  
João Cotas ◽  
Carolina P. Rocha ◽  
Glacio S. Araújo ◽  
Artur Figueirinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Carbohydrate Polymers ◽  
Plant Growth Promoters

Polysaccharides extracted from Moroccan seaweed: a promising source of tomato plant growth promoters

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 2953-2962 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mzibra ◽  
A. Aasfar ◽  
H. El Arroussi ◽  
M. Khouloud ◽  
D. Dhiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Tomato Plant ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Plant Growth Promoters ◽  
Promising Source

Physiological Response of Dendrobium cv. Earsakul to Plant Growth Promoters and Growing Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 343-354
Author(s):  
M. Raja Naik ◽  
K. Ajith Kumar ◽  
A. V. Santhoshkumar ◽  
P. K. Sudha Devi ◽  
M. Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Plant Growth Promoters

scholarly journals Trichoderma Secondary Metabolites that Affect Plant Metabolism

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Vinale ◽  
Krishnapillai Sivasithamparam ◽  
Emilio L. Ghisalberti ◽  
Michelina Ruocco ◽  
Sheridan Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Plant Metabolism ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Plant Growth Promoters

Recently, there have been many exciting new developments relating to the use of Trichoderma spp. as agents for biocontrol of pathogens and as plant growth promoters. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the positive effects of these microorganisms on the plant host. One factor that contributes to their beneficial biological activities is related to the wide variety of metabolites that they produce. These metabolites have been found not only to directly inhibit the growth and pathogenic activities of the parasites, but also to increase disease resistance by triggering the system of defence in the plant host. In addition, these metabolites are also capable of enhancing plant growth, which enables the plant to counteract the disease with compensatory vegetative growth by the augmented production of root and shoot systems. This review takes into account the Trichoderma secondary metabolites that affect plant metabolism and that may play an important role in the complex interactions of this biocontrol agent with the plant and pathogens.

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