scholarly journals Developmental exposure to silver nanoparticles leads to long term gut dysbiosis and neurobehavioral alterations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Lyu ◽  
Shreya Ghoshdastidar ◽  
Karamkolly R. Rekha ◽  
Dhananjay Suresh ◽  
Jiude Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Developmental Exposure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractDue to their antimicrobial properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in a wide range of consumer products that includes topical wound dressings, coatings for biomedical devices, and food-packaging to extend the shelf-life. Despite their beneficial antimicrobial effects, developmental exposure to such AgNPs may lead to gut dysbiosis and long-term health consequences in exposed offspring. AgNPs can cross the placenta and blood–brain-barrier to translocate in the brain of offspring. The underlying hypothesis tested in the current study was that developmental exposure of male and female mice to AgNPs disrupts the microbiome–gut–brain axis. To examine for such effects, C57BL6 female mice were exposed orally to AgNPs at a dose of 3 mg/kg BW or vehicle control 2 weeks prior to breeding and throughout gestation. Male and female offspring were tested in various mazes that measure different behavioral domains, and the gut microbial profiles were surveyed from 30 through 120 days of age. Our study results suggest that developmental exposure results in increased likelihood of engaging in repetitive behaviors and reductions in resident microglial cells. Echo-MRI results indicate increased body fat in offspring exposed to AgNPs exhibit. Coprobacillus spp., Mucispirillum spp., and Bifidobacterium spp. were reduced, while Prevotella spp., Bacillus spp., Planococcaceae, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and Ruminococcus spp. were increased in those developmentally exposed to NPs. These bacterial changes were linked to behavioral and metabolic alterations. In conclusion, developmental exposure of AgNPs results in long term gut dysbiosis, body fat increase and neurobehavioral alterations in offspring.

scholarly journals Developmental Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles Leads to Long Term Gut Dysbiosis and Neurobehavioral Alterations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Lyu ◽  
Shreya Ghoshdastidar ◽  
Karamkolly Rekha ◽  
Dhananjay Suresh ◽  
Jiude Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Developmental Exposure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Silver Nps

Abstract Due to their antimicrobial properties, silver nanoparticles (NPs) are used in a wide range of consumer products that includes topical wound dressings, coatings for biomedical devices, and food-packaging to extend the shelf-life. Despite their beneficial antimicrobial effects, developmental exposure to such NPs may lead to gut dysbiosis and long-term health consequences in exposed offspring. Silver NPs can cross the placenta and blood-brain-barrier to translocate in the brain of offspring. The underlying hypothesis tested in the current study was that developmental exposure of male and female mice to silver NPs disrupts the microbiome-gut-brain axis. To examine for such effects, C57BL6 female mice were exposed orally to silver NPs at a dose of 3 mg/kg BW or vehicle control two weeks prior to breeding and throughout gestation. Male and female offspring were tested in various mazes that measure different behavioral domains, and the gut microbial profiles were surveyed from 30 through 120 days of age. Our study results suggest that developmental exposure results in increased likelihood of engaging in repetitive behaviors and reductions in resident microglial cells. Echo-MRI results indicate increased body fat in offspring exposed to NP exhibit. Coprobacillus spp., Mucispirillum spp., and Bifidobacterium spp. were reduced, while Prevotella spp., Bacillus spp., Planococcaceae, Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and Ruminococcus spp. were increased in those developmentally exposed to NPs. These bacterial changes were linked to behavioral and metabolic alterations. In conclusion, developmental exposure of silver NPs results in long term gut dysbiosis, body fat increase and neurobehavioral alterations in offspring.

scholarly journals Adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure induces sex-dependent divergent changes in ethanol drinking and motor activity in adulthood in C57BL/6J mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoniette M. Maldonado-Devincci ◽  
Joseph G. Makdisi ◽  
Andrea M. Hill ◽  
Renee C. Waters ◽  
Nzia I. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Ethanol Consumption ◽  
Ethanol Exposure ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Open Field Behavior ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Binge Ethanol Exposure ◽  
Binge Ethanol

AbstractWith alcohol readily accessible to adolescents, its consumption leads to many adverse effects, including impaired learning, attention, and behavior. Adolescents report higher rates of binge drinking compared to adults. Adolescents are also more prone to substance use disorder during adulthood due to physiological changes during the adolescent developmental period. We used C57BL/6J male and female mice to investigate the long-lasting impact of binge ethanol exposure during adolescence on voluntary ethanol intake and open field behavior during later adolescence and in young adulthood. The present set of experiments were divided into four stages: (1) chronic intermittent vapor inhalation exposure, (2) abstinence, (3) voluntary ethanol intake, and (4) open field behavioral testing. During adolescence, male and female mice were exposed to air or ethanol using an intermittent vapor inhalation with repeated binge pattern ethanol exposure from postnatal day (PND) 28–42. Following this, mice underwent abstinence during late adolescence from PND 43–49 (Experiment 1) or PND 43–69 (Experiment 2). Beginning on PND 49–76 (Experiment 1) or PND 70–97 (Experiment 2), mice were assessed for intermittent voluntary ethanol consumption using a two-bottle drinking procedure over 28 days. Male mice that were exposed to ethanol during adolescence showed increased ethanol consumption during later adolescence (Experiment 1) and in emerging adulthood (Experiment 2), while the female mice showed decreased ethanol consumption. These data demonstrate a sexually divergent shift in ethanol consumption following binge ethanol exposure during adolescence and differences in open field behavior. These data highlight sex-dependent vulnerability to developing substance use disorders in adulthood.Significance StatementCurrently, it is vital to determine the sex-dependent impact of binge alcohol exposure during adolescence, given that until recently females have largely been ignored. Here we show that adolescent male mice that are exposed to binge ethanol during adolescence show long-term changes in behavior in adulthood. In contrast, female mice show a transient decrease in ethanol consumption in adulthood and decreased motor activity spent in the center zone of the open field test. Male mice appear to be more susceptible to the long-term changes in ethanol consumption following binge ethanol exposure during adolescence.

scholarly journals Effects of gut-derived endotoxin on anxiety-like and repetitive behaviors in male and female mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T. Fields ◽  
Benoit Chassaing ◽  
Alexandra Castillo-Ruiz ◽  
Remus Osan ◽  
Andrew T. Gewirtz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice

scholarly journals Female mice are more prone to develop an addictive-like phenotype for sugar consumption

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoupeng Wei ◽  
Sarah Hertle ◽  
Rainer Spanagel ◽  
Ainhoa Bilbao
Keyword(s):  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Sugar Consumption ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Deprivation Effect ◽  
Sugar Addiction ◽  
Drinking In The Dark

AbstractBackgroundThe concept of “sugar addiction” is gaining increasing attention in both the lay media and scientific literature. However, the concept of sugar addiction is controversial and only a few studies have attempted to determine the “addictive” properties of sugar using rigorous scientific criteria.ObjectiveHere we set out to systematically test the addictive properties of sugar in male and female mice using established paradigms and models from the drug addiction field.MethodsMale and female C57BL/6N (8-10 weeks old) were evaluated in 4 experimental procedures to study the addictive properties of sugar: (i) a drinking in the dark (DID) procedure to model sugar binging; (ii) a long-term free choice home cage drinking procedure measuring the sugar deprivation effect (SDE) following an abstinence phase; (iii) a long-term operant sugar self-administration with persistence, motivation and compulsivity measures and (iv) intracranial self-administration (ICSS).ResultsFemale mice were more vulnerable to the addictive properties of sugar than male mice, showing higher binge and long-term, excessive drinking, a more pronounced relapse-like drinking following deprivation, and higher persistence and motivation for sugar. No sex differences were seen in a compulsivity test or reward sensitivity measured using ICSS following extended sugar consumption.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the occurrence of an addictive-like phenotype for sugar in male and female mice, similar to drugs of abuse, and suggests sex-dependent differences in the development of sugar addiction.

scholarly journals Female and male mice have differential longterm cardiorenal outcomes following a matched degree of ischemia–reperfusion acute kidney injury

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle E. Soranno ◽  
Peter Baker ◽  
Lara Kirkbride-Romeo ◽  
Sara A. Wennersten ◽  
Kathy Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients, causes systemic sequelae, and predisposes patients to long-term cardiovascular disease. To date, studies of the effects of AKI on cardiovascular outcomes have only been performed in male mice. We recently demonstrated that male mice developed diastolic dysfunction, hypertension and reduced cardiac ATP levels versus sham 1 year after AKI. The effects of female sex on long-term cardiac outcomes after AKI are unknown. Therefore, we examined the 1-year cardiorenal outcomes following a single episode of bilateral renal ischemia–reperfusion injury in female C57BL/6 mice using a model with similar severity of AKI and performed concomitantly to recently published male cohorts. To match the severity of AKI between male and female mice, females received 34 min of ischemia time compared to 25 min in males. Serial renal function, echocardiograms and blood pressure assessments were performed throughout the 1-year study. Renal histology, and cardiac and plasma metabolomics and mitochondrial function in the heart and kidney were evaluated at 1 year. Measured glomerular filtration rates (GFR) were similar between male and female mice throughout the 1-year study period. One year after AKI, female mice had preserved diastolic function, normal blood pressure, and preserved levels of cardiac ATP. Compared to males, females demonstrated pathway enrichment in arginine metabolism and amino acid related energy production in both the heart and plasma, and glutathione in the plasma. Cardiac mitochondrial respiration in Complex I of the electron transport chain demonstrated improved mitochondrial function in females compared to males, regardless of AKI or sham. This is the first study to examine the long-term cardiac effects of AKI on female mice and indicate that there are important sex-related cardiorenal differences. The role of female sex in cardiovascular outcomes after AKI merits further investigation.

scholarly journals Impact of a Long-Term High Fat Diet on Bone Microarchitecture and Muscle Structure in Adult Male and Female Normal Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weston He ◽  
Trupti Trivedi ◽  
Gabriel Pagnotti ◽  
Sreemala Murthy ◽  
Yun She ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
The Impact

Background and Hypothesis: Hyperglycemia is a major source of disease and morbidity among the adult population. Prior studies correlate long-term high fat diet (HFD) mediated hyperglycemia with bone fragility and muscle weakness. Furthermore, the mechanism driving hyperglycemia between sexes are unknown. Our group previously showed that HFDs induced insulin resistance in male mice and glucose intolerance in female mice. This establishes the need to study the impact of long-term HFDs on the bones and muscles using an older cohort of both male and female mice. For that, we hypothesized a long-term HFD mediated hyperglycemia will change bone and muscle structures and impair their functions in adult male and female mice. Experimental Design or Project Methods: 22-week C57Bl6 mice were fed either a HFD or low fat diet (LFD) for 25 weeks. After euthanasia, bones and muscles were harvested and evaluated using MicroCT, histology, and mechanical testing. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism with p<0.05 considered significant. Results: MicoCT data saw significant reductions to cortical thickness (p<0.05), bone mineral density (p<0.001), and increases to medullary area (p<0.05) among HFD males and females compared to LFD. HFD-males also experienced significant increase in cortical porosity (P<0.001) whereas no changes were noted in HFDfemales. Trabecular bone volume was relatively unchanged. HFD increased cortical osteoclast surface (p<0.001) for both sexes. Bone histology saw increased marrow adiposity among HFD-females (p<0.05). Muscle histology exhibited HFD-related reductions in myofiber diameter (p<0.001) for both sexes. Mechanical testing demonstrated reduced young’s modulus (p<0.05) and yield stress (p<0.05) among HFD mice, despite non-significant differences in ultimate strength. Conclusion and Potential Impact: The changes associated with a long-term HFD differed between sexes but still led to functional impairments of bone and muscle for both sexes, emphasizing the importance of looking further into the mechanisms responsible for these changes. This can potentially translate to the clinic in the treatment of musculoskeletal complications associated with HFDs.

scholarly journals Inferring Preferred Mating Strategies Through Body Fat and Sex-Typical Body Features

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitch Brown ◽  
Kaitlyn Boykin ◽  
Donald F. Sacco
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Parental Investment ◽  
Mating Strategies ◽  
Good Genes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Management Framework ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Physical Features

Identifying reproductive opportunities and intrasexual rivals has necessitated the evolution of sensitivity to features diagnostic of mate value. In determining the presence of good genes through physical features, individuals may additionally infer targets’ short- and long-term mating motives. This study tested how individuals perceive men and women’s mating intentions through physical features conducive to reproductive goals. Participants evaluated preferred mating strategies of male and female targets varying in size of sex-typical features (i.e., muscles or breasts) and adiposity. Greater adiposity connoted long-term mating interest. Large muscles and breasts connoted short-term mating interests. We frame results from an affordance management framework with respect to inferences regarding parental investment and intrasexual competition.

Effects of long-term exposure to manganese chloride on fertility of male and female mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elbetieha ◽  
Hameed Bataineh ◽  
Homa Darmani ◽  
Mohammed Hassan Al-Hamood
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Chloride ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Mice
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