scholarly journals Low metformin dose and its therapeutic serum concentration in prediabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Sutkowska ◽  
Paulina Fortuna ◽  
Jerzy Wisniewski ◽  
Karolina Sutkowska ◽  
Pawel Hodurek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
Drug Dose ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Therapeutic Concentration ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Metformin Concentration ◽  
Spectrometry Technique

AbstractThis prospective study aimed to analyze whether the patients with pre-diabetes (pre-DM) reach the TC (therapeutic concentration) of the metformin during repeated, low, constant drug dose. The guidelines do not recommend any metformin dose for this group of patients. Based on the previous study after a dose of 1700 mg/day the patients seem to reach the therapeutic drug concentration, which guarantees the glycemic effect. Twenty patients with new-diagnosed pre-DM were treated with a 1500 mg/day regimen of the metformin for 15 weeks. The serum concentration of the drug was assessed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technique at 6 and 15 week of the treatment. The correlation of the serum metformin concentration with BMI (body mass index) and patients’ weight was also performed. The mean metformin concentration was: 4.65 μmol/L (± 2.41) and 5.41 μmol/L (± 3.44) (p = 0.27) after 6 and 15 weeks of the treatment respectively. There was a positive correlation between the serum concentration of the metformin and body weight (but not BMI) in the 15th week of the therapy (p = 0.04)- the higher body weight the higher concentration of the metformin. Patients with pre-diabetes can be successfully treated with a low dose of metformin, to reach the drug’s therapeutic concentration. Body weight can impact the metformin serum concentration during long-term treatment what should be taken into consideration when choosing the dose because of its pleiotropic effect e.g. on the cardiovascular system via reduction of the oxidative stress and would be not connected with the drug’s hypoglycemic effect.ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT03398356; date of first registration: 01/07/2018.

scholarly journals Successful and safe long‐term treatment of cerebral aspergillosis with high‐dose voriconazole guided by therapeutic drug monitoring

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pier Giorgio Cojutti ◽  
Maria Merelli ◽  
Lorenzo Allegri ◽  
Giuseppe Damante ◽  
Matteo Bassetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Long Term Treatment

scholarly journals Effect of guar gum on body-weight, hunger ratings and metabolism in obese subjects

1984 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Krotkiewski
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Obese Subjects

1. The effect of a palatable granulated guar-gum preparation (10 g twice daily) was studied in obese subjects. The acute effect of a single dose of guar gum to reduce the peak postprandial whole blood glucose levels (about 10%) was verified. Following long-term treatment, a further reduction was seen in the obese subjects with the highest postprandial glucose levels. Since the postprandial plasma insulin levels were essentially unchanged, this finding suggested an increased responsiveness to insulin. Total serum cholesterol levels were significantly reduced following long-term treatment but serum α-cholesterol levels, representing the high-density-lipoprotein fraction, was unchanged.2. Body-weight was significantly reduced during guar-gum treatment even though the patients were asked to maintain their normal dietary habits. Daily hunger ratings recorded for up to 10 weeks showed that guar gum reduced hunger significantly better than commercially available bran taken in the same way.3. Thus, guar gum seemed to influence carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in a beneficial way in obese subjects. The reduction in hunger would offer an additional benefit to these patients.

A STUDY OF THE ANTITHYROID EFFECT OF TOLBUTAMIDE

1962 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. HANNO ◽  
H. K. AWWAD
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Drug Dose ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Antithyroid Drugs ◽  
Total Drug ◽  
Long Term Treatment

SUMMARY The mechanism of the antithyroid effect of tolbutamide was investigated by studying its effect on thyroid iodine trapping, the salivary secretion of 131I and the organic binding of thyroid 131I. No inhibitory effect was noted on iodine trapping. After prolonged therapy a defect in the organic binding of 131I was observed in some cases. There was a significant correlation between thyroid function as measured by the 2 hr. neck:thigh ratio and the total drug dose in patients on long-term treatment. Recovery of the gland from this defect after withdrawal of the drug seemed to be slower than the recovery from other antithyroid drugs having the same mode of action.

CORTICOSTEROIDS AND VASCULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 586-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ib Lorenzen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Collagen Content ◽  
Acid Mucopolysaccharides ◽  
Long Term Treatment

ABSTRACT Male albino rabbits were injected with prednisone 2 mg/kg body weight, daily for two weeks. The aortic content of acid mucopolysaccharides and the synthesis of sulphated acid mucopolysaccharides decreased, whereas the collagen content remained unchanged as compared to the saline injected controls. Prednisone induced no gross or microscopic changes in the aortae. The alterations were related to those previously reported in human skin and vein biopsies and may be of pathogenic significance in the vascular fragility following long-term treatment with glucocorticoids.

scholarly journals Long term treatment with ACE inhibitor enalapril decreases body weight gain and increases life span in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 951-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Lucas Santos ◽  
Kely de Picoli Souza ◽  
Elton Dias da Silva ◽  
Elice Carneiro Batista ◽  
Paulo J. Forcina Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Ace Inhibitor ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment

LONG-TERM TREATMENT WITH ORAL TORSEMIDE AND ITS EFFECT ON BODY WEIGHT AND FLUID BALANCE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 743-749
Author(s):  
Andrew Whelton ◽  
William B. Smith ◽  
J. David Wallin ◽  
Lawrence J. Hak ◽  
Barry McLean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Chronic Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment

scholarly journals A Role for Galanin-Like Peptide in the Integration of Feeding, Body Weight Regulation, and Reproduction in the Mouse

Endocrinology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Krasnow ◽  
Gregory S. Fraley ◽  
Sonya M. Schuh ◽  
James W. Baumgartner ◽  
Donald K. Clifton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Downstream Effector ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Nonspecific Effects ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Galanin-like peptide (GALP) shares sequence homology with galanin and binds to galanin receptors in vitro. GALP neurons in the arcuate nucleus coexpress leptin receptors, and GALP mRNA expression is up-regulated by leptin. Based on these observations, we postulated that GALP plays a role in mediating leptin’s inhibitory effects on food intake (FI) and body weight (BW), as well as its stimulatory effect on the reproductive axis. To test these hypotheses, we performed several studies in which mice received intracerebroventricular injections of either GALP or vehicle. Acute GALP treatment elicited a dose-dependent suppression of FI and BW. Long-term treatment with GALP caused only transient reductions in FI and BW, demonstrating that the mice became refractory to continued exposure to GALP. GALP inhibited FI as early as 1 h post injection. Central injection of GALP suppressed locomotor activity and elicited the formation of a conditioned taste aversion. In male mice, serum levels of LH and testosterone were increased by GALP administration. Although we cannot rule out possible nonspecific effects of GALP on FI, the present observations are consistent with the argument that GALP is a downstream effector of leptin’s actions within the central nervous system.

1400 EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM TREATMENT WITH TESTOSTERONE UNDECANOATE INJECTIONS IN HYPOGONADAL MEN ON WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE, BODY WEIGHT AND BMI

2013 ◽  
Vol 189 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dany-Jan Yassin ◽  
Ahmad Haider ◽  
Michael Zitzmann ◽  
Aksam Yassin ◽  
Peter Hammerer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Testosterone Undecanoate ◽  
Long Term Treatment
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