scholarly journals Elucidation of the relationship between sensory processing and white matter using diffusion tensor imaging tractography in young adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Shiotsu ◽  
Minyoung Jung ◽  
Kaie Habata ◽  
Taku Kamiya ◽  
Ichiro M. Omori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractSensory processing and behaviors are altered during the development of connectivity between the sensory cortices and multiple brain regions in an experience-dependent manner. To reveal the relationship between sensory processing and brain white matter, we investigated the association between the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) and neural connectivity in the white matter tracts of 84 healthy young adults using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We observed a positive relationship between AASP scores (i.e., sensory sensitivity, sensation avoiding, activity level)/subscores (i.e., sensory sensitivity–activity level, sensation avoiding–touch) and DTI parameters in the cingulum–cingulate gyrus bundle (CCG) and between AASP subscores (i.e., sensory sensitivity–auditory) and a diffusion parameter in the uncinate fasciculus (UNC). The diffusion parameters that correlated with AASP scores/subscores and AASP quadrant scores (i.e., sensory avoiding and sensitivity) were axonal diffusivity (AD) and mean diffusivity (MD) in the CCG and MD in the UNC. Moreover, the increased sensory avoiding and sensitivity scores represent the sensitization of sensory processing, and the level of diffusivity parameters indicates white matter microstructure variability, such as axons and myelin from diffusivity of water molecules. Thus, the present study suggests that the CCG and UNC are critical white matter microstructures for determining the level of sensory processing in young adults.

scholarly journals The relationship between diffusion tensor imaging and volumetry as measures of white matter properties

NeuroImage ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1654-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders M. Fjell ◽  
Lars T. Westlye ◽  
Doug N. Greve ◽  
Bruce Fischl ◽  
Thomas Benner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Sensory Processing as a Predictor of Leisure Participation in Early Adolescents

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1005
Author(s):  
Young-Eun Choi ◽  
Hyerim Jung
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Early Adolescents ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
Leisure Participation ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Processing Abilities ◽  
The Relationship

Sensory processing may be associated with adolescents’ preferences for different leisure activities. However, knowledge about how different sensory processing patterns may relate to adolescents’ participation in leisure activities is scarce. This study sought to investigate the relationship between sensory processing and leisure participation in early adolescents. Study participants were typical early adolescents aged from 11 to 12 years (mean = 11.88 ± 0.33, n = 140). The Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP) and Children’s Assessment for Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) were used to determine the participants’ sensory processing abilities. Correlational and multiple regression methods were employed to analyze the relationship between sensory processing and leisure participation. There were significant positive relationships between sensory seeking and participation (r = 0.177–0.350, p = 0.000–0.037). There were also significant negative relationships between low registration, sensory sensitivity, and overall participation (r = −0.202, p = 0.017, r = −0.212, p = 0.012). We found that formal activities, skill-based activities, and self-improvement activities were the main distinguishing factors between sensory processing types. Results suggest that sensation seeking and sensory sensitivity from the AASP were predictive of leisure participation. This study provides evidence to inform practices regarding the association of sensory processing and leisure participation and supports the need for assessing sensory processing in early adolescents.

scholarly journals Sensory processing sensitivity and axonal microarchitecture: Identifying brain structural characteristics for behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szabolcs David ◽  
Lucy L Brown ◽  
Anneriet M Heemskerk ◽  
Elaine Aron ◽  
Alexander Leemans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Sensory Processing Sensitivity ◽  
The Right

Previously, researchers used functional MRI to identify regional brain activations associated with sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), a proposed normal phenotype trait. To further validate SPS as a behavioral entity, to characterize it anatomically, and to test the usefulness in psychology of methodologies that assess axonal properties, the present study correlated SPS proxy questionnaire scores (adjusted for neuroticism) with diffusion tensor imaging measures. Participants (n=408) from the Young Adult Human Connectome Project that are free of neurologic and psychiatric disorders were investigated. We computed mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), axial diffusivity (AD) and fractional anisotropy (FA). A voxelwise, exploratory analysis showed that MD and RD correlated positively with SPS proxy scores in the right and left subcallosal and anterior ventral cingulum bundle, and the right forceps minor of the corpus callosum (peak Cohens D effect size = 0.269). Further analyses showed correlations throughout the entire right and left ventromedial prefrontal cortex, including the superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, uncinate and arcuate fasciculus. These prefrontal regions are generally involved in emotion, reward and social processing. FA was negatively correlated with SPS proxy scores in white matter of the right premotor/motor/somatosensory/supramarginal gyrus regions, which are associated with empathy, theory of mind, primary and secondary somatosensory processing. Region of interest (ROI) analysis, based-on previous fMRI results and Freesurfer atlas-defined areas, showed small effect sizes, (+0.151 to -0.165) in white matter of the precuneus and inferior frontal gyrus. Other ROI effects were found in regions of the dorsal and ventral visual pathways and primary auditory cortex. The results reveal that in a large, diverse group of participants axonal microarchitectural differences can be identified with SPS traits that are subtle and in the range of typical behavior. The results suggest that the heightened sensory processing in people who show SPS may be influenced by the microstructure of white matter in specific neocortical regions. Although previous fMRI studies had identified most of these general neocortical regions, the DTI results put a new focus on brain areas related to attention and cognitive flexibility, empathy, emotion and low-level sensory processing, as in the primary sensory cortex. Psychological trait characterization may benefit from diffusion tensor imaging methodology by identifying influential brain systems for traits.

scholarly journals Differences in Diffusion Tensor Imaging White Matter Integrity Related to Verbal Fluency Between Young and Old Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Yeske ◽  
Jiancheng Hou ◽  
Nagesh Adluru ◽  
Veena A. Nair ◽  
Vivek Prabhakaran
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Old Adults

Throughout adulthood, the brain undergoes an array of structural and functional changes during the typical aging process. These changes involve decreased brain volume, reduced synaptic density, and alterations in white matter (WM). Although there have been some previous neuroimaging studies that have measured the ability of adult language production and its correlations to brain function, structural gray matter volume, and functional differences between young and old adults, the structural role of WM in adult language production in individuals across the life span remains to be thoroughly elucidated. This study selected 38 young adults and 35 old adults for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and performed the Controlled Oral Word Association Test to assess verbal fluency (VF). Tract-Based Spatial Statistics were employed to evaluate the voxel-based group differences of diffusion metrics for the values of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), and local diffusion homogeneity (LDH) in 12 WM regions of interest associated with language production. To investigate group differences on each DTI metric, an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) controlling for sex and education level was performed, and the statistical threshold was considered at p < 0.00083 (0.05/60 labels) after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Significant differences in DTI metrics identified in the ANCOVA were used to perform correlation analyses with VF scores. Compared to the old adults, the young adults had significantly (1) increased FA values on the bilateral anterior corona radiata (ACR); (2) decreased MD values on the right ACR, but increased MD on the left uncinate fasciculus (UF); and (3) decreased RD on the bilateral ACR. There were no significant differences between the groups for AD or LDH. Moreover, the old adults had only a significant correlation between the VF score and the MD on the left UF. There were no significant correlations between VF score and DTI metrics in the young adults. This study adds to the growing body of research that WM areas involved in language production are sensitive to aging.

scholarly journals White matter and task-switching in young adults: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging study

Neuroscience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 349-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonino Vallesi ◽  
Eleonora Mastrorilli ◽  
Francesco Causin ◽  
Domenico D’Avella ◽  
Alessandra Bertoldo
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Task Switching ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study ◽  
And Task

scholarly journals Sensory Over-Responsivity: Parent Report, Direct Assessment Measures, and Neural Architecture

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Tavassoli ◽  
Anne Brandes-Aitken ◽  
Robyn Chu ◽  
Lisa Porter ◽  
Sarah Schoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Cut Scores ◽  
Direct Assessment

AbstractBackgroundSensory processing differences are common across neurodevelopmental disorders. Thus, reliable measures are needed to understand biologic underpinnings of these differences. This study aims to define a scoring methodology specific to tactile (TOR) and auditory (AOR) over-responsivity. Second, using MRI Diffusion Tensor Imaging, we seek to determine whether children with AOR show measurable differences in their white matter integrity.MethodsThis study includes children with AOR and TOR from a mixed neurodevelopmental disorders cohort including autism and sensory processing dysfunction (n= 176) as well as neurotypical children (n= 128). We established cut-off scores for over-responsivity using the parent report: Short Sensory Profile (SSP), and the direct assessment: Sensory Processing-Three Dimensions:Assessment (SP-3D:A). Group comparisons, based on AOR phenotype, were then conducted comparing the white matter fractional anisotropy in 23 regions of interest.ResultsUsing the direct assessment, 31% of the children with neurodevelopmental disorders had AOR and 27% had TOR. The Inter-test-agreement between SSP and SP-3D:A for AOR was 65% and TOR was 50%. Children with AOR had three white matter tracts showing decreased fractional anisotropy relative to children without AOR.ConclusionsThis study identified cut scores for AOR and TOR using the SSP parent report and SP-3D:A observation. A combination of questionnaire and direct observation measures should be used in clinical and research settings. The SSP parent report and SP-3D:A direct observation ratings overlapped moderately for sensory related behaviors. Based on these initial structural neuroimaging results, we suggest a putative neural network may contribute to AOR.

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