scholarly journals Insect wing 3D printing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuya Saito ◽  
Hiroto Nagai ◽  
Kai Suto ◽  
Naoki Ogawa ◽  
Young ah Seong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Pattern Design ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
Insect Wing ◽  
Insect Wings ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Environmental Adaptability ◽  
Type Composite ◽  
Coupling Type

AbstractInsects have acquired various types of wings over their course of evolution and have become the most successful terrestrial animals. Consequently, the essence of their excellent environmental adaptability and locomotive ability should be clarified; a simple and versatile method to artificially reproduce the complex structure and various functions of these innumerable types of wings is necessary. This study presents a simple integral forming method for an insect-wing-type composite structure by 3D printing wing frames directly onto thin films. The artificial venation generation algorithm based on the centroidal Voronoi diagram, which can be observed in the wings of dragonflies, was used to design the complex mechanical properties of artificial wings. Furthermore, we implemented two representative functions found in actual insect wings: folding and coupling. The proposed crease pattern design software developed based on a beetle hindwing enables the 3D printing of foldable wings of any shape. In coupling-type wings, the forewing and hindwing are connected to form a single large wing during flight; these wings can be stored compactly by disconnecting and stacking them like cicada wings.

scholarly journals Advances in 3D Printing for Tissue Engineering

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3149
Author(s):  
Angelika Zaszczyńska ◽  
Maryla Moczulska-Heljak ◽  
Arkadiusz Gradys ◽  
Paweł Sajkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Scaffold Fabrication ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Printing Techniques ◽  
State Of Art

Tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds have enormous significance for the possibility of regeneration of complex tissue structures or even whole organs. Three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques allow fabricating TE scaffolds, having an extremely complex structure, in a repeatable and precise manner. Moreover, they enable the easy application of computer-assisted methods to TE scaffold design. The latest additive manufacturing techniques open up opportunities not otherwise available. This study aimed to summarize the state-of-art field of 3D printing techniques in applications for tissue engineering with a focus on the latest advancements. The following topics are discussed: systematics of the available 3D printing techniques applied for TE scaffold fabrication; overview of 3D printable biomaterials and advancements in 3D-printing-assisted tissue engineering.

3D Printable Resources for Engaging STEM Students in Laboratory Learning Activities and Outreach Programs: Inexpensive and User-Friendly Instrument Kits for Educators

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (49) ◽  
pp. 2937-2942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lon A. Porter
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Stem Students ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Design Software ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
User Friendly

ABSTRACTContinued advances in digital design software and 3D printing methods enable innovative approaches in the development of new educational tools for laboratory-based STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) learning. The decreasing cost of 3D printing equipment and greater access provided by university fabrication centers afford unique opportunities for educators to transcend the limitations of conventional modes of student engagement with analytical instrumentation. This work shares successful efforts at Wabash College to integrate user-friendly and inexpensive 3D printed instruments kits into introductory STEM coursework. The laboratory kits and activities described provide new tools for engaging students in the exploration of instrument design and performance. These experiences provide effective ways to assist active-learners in discovering the technology and fundamental principles of analysis and deliberately confront the “black box” perception of instrumentation.

Characteristics of Dynamic Forces Generated by a Flapping Butterfly and its Wake Structure

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Fuchiwaki ◽  
Kazuhiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Butterfly Wing ◽  
Vortex Loop ◽  
Insect Wing ◽  
Fluid Forces ◽  
Insect Wings ◽  
Piv Measurement ◽  
Dynamic Forces ◽  
Butterfly Wings ◽  
The Relationship

A typical example of the flow field around a moving elastic body is that around butterfly wings. Butterflies fly by skillfully controlling this flow field, and vortices are generated around their bodies. The motion of their elastic wings produces dynamic fluid forces by manipulating the flow field. For this reason, there has been increased academic interest in the flow field and dynamic fluid forces produced by butterfly wings. A number of recent studies have qualitatively and quantitatively examined the flow field around insect wings. In some such previous studies, the vortex ring or vortex loop formed on the wing was visualized. However, the characteristics of dynamic forces generated by the flapping insect wing are not yet sufficiently understood. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the characteristics of dynamic lift and thrust produced by the flapping butterfly wing and the relationship between the dynamic lift and thrust and the flow field around the butterfly. We conducted the dynamic lift and thrust measurements of a fixed flapping butterfly, Idea leuconoe, using a six-axes sensor. Moreover, two-dimensional PIV measurement was conducted in the wake of the butterfly. The butterfly produced dynamic lift in downward flapping which became maximum at a flapping angle of approximately 0.0 deg. At the same time, the butterfly produced negative dynamic thrust during downward flapping. The negative dynamic thrust was not produced hydrodynamically by a flapping butterfly wing because a jet was not formed in front of the butterfly. The negative dynamic thrust was the kicking force for jumping and the maximum of this kicking force was about 6.0 times as large as the weight. On the other hand, the butterfly produced dynamic thrust in upward flapping which was approximately 6.0 times as large as the weight of the butterfly. However, the attacking force by the abdomen of the butterfly was included in the dynamic thrust and we have not yet clarified quantitatively the dynamic thrust produced by the butterfly wing.

scholarly journals A simple developmental model recapitulates complex insect wing venation patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (40) ◽  
pp. 9905-9910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Hoffmann ◽  
Seth Donoughe ◽  
Kathy Li ◽  
Mary K. Salcedo ◽  
Chris H. Rycroft
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Wing Venation ◽  
Secondary Vein ◽  
Insect Wing ◽  
Geometric Patterns ◽  
Insect Wings ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Vein Patterning ◽  
Geometric Arrangements

Insect wings are typically supported by thickened struts called veins. These veins form diverse geometric patterns across insects. For many insect species, even the left and right wings from the same individual have veins with unique topological arrangements, and little is known about how these patterns form. We present a large-scale quantitative study of the fingerprint-like “secondary veins.” We compile a dataset of wings from 232 species and 17 families from the order Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies), a group with particularly elaborate vein patterns. We characterize the geometric arrangements of veins and develop a simple model of secondary vein patterning. We show that our model is capable of recapitulating the vein geometries of species from other, distantly related winged insect clades.

iPattern

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-27
Author(s):  
Youmna Bassiouny ◽  
Rimon Elias ◽  
Philipp Paulsen
Keyword(s):  
Design Pattern ◽  
Design Patterns ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Pattern Design ◽  
Design Problems ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Science And Art ◽  
Design Software

Computational design takes a computer science view of design, applying both the science and art of computational approaches and methodologies to design problems. This article proposes to convert design methodologies studied by designers into rule-based computational design software and help them by providing suggestions for designs to build upon given a set of primitive shapes and geometrical rules. iPattern is a pattern-making software dedicated to designers to generate innovative design patterns that can be used in a decorative manner. They may be applied on wallpapers, carpets, fabric textiles, three-dimensional lanterns, tableware, etc. The purpose is to create a modern pattern design collection that adds a new essence to the place. In order to generate creative design patterns, primitive shapes and geometrical rules are used. The generated design pattern is constructed based on the grid of the Flower of Life of the sacred geometry or similar grids constructed using primitive shapes (rectangles, squares and triangles) combined in the layout of the Flower of Life.

Projection image-generation algorithm for fabrication of a complex structure using projection-based microstereolithography

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Woo Jung ◽  
Hyun-Wook Kang ◽  
Tae-Yun Kang ◽  
Jeong Hun Park ◽  
Jaesung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
Image Generation ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
Projection Image

scholarly journals Effects of multiple vein microjoints on the mechanical behaviour of dragonfly wings: numerical modelling

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 150610 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rajabi ◽  
N. Ghoroubi ◽  
A. Darvizeh ◽  
E. Appel ◽  
S. N. Gorb
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Micro Air Vehicles ◽  
Insect Wings ◽  
Computational Data ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Biological Composites ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Dragonfly Wings

Dragonfly wings are known as biological composites with high morphological complexity. They mainly consist of a network of rigid veins and flexible membranes, and enable insects to perform various flight manoeuvres. Although several studies have been done on the aerodynamic performance of Odonata wings and the mechanisms involved in their deformations, little is known about the influence of vein joints on the passive deformability of the wings in flight. In this article, we present the first three-dimensional finite-element models of five different vein joint combinations observed in Odonata wings. The results from the analysis of the models subjected to uniform pressures on their dorsal and ventral surfaces indicate the influence of spike-associated vein joints on the dorsoventral asymmetry of wing deformation. Our study also supports the idea that a single vein joint may result in different angular deformations when it is surrounded by different joint types. The developed numerical models also enabled us to simulate the camber formation and stress distribution in the models. The computational data further provide deeper insights into the functional role of resilin patches and spikes in vein joint structures. This study might help to more realistically model the complex structure of insect wings in order to design more efficient bioinspired micro-air vehicles in future.

scholarly journals Reconstructing Full-Field Flapping Wing Dynamics from Sparse Measurements

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Johns ◽  
Lisa Davis ◽  
Mark Jankauski
Keyword(s):  
Aerodynamic Force ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Reconstruction Technique ◽  
Reconstruction Method ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Insect Wing ◽  
Insect Wings ◽  
Flying Insects ◽  
Sparse Measurements

AbstractFlapping insect wings deform during flight. This deformation benefits the insect’s aerodynamic force production as well as energetic efficiency. However, it is challenging to measure wing displacement field in flying insects. Many points must be tracked over the wing’s surface to resolve its instantaneous shape. To reduce the number of points one is required to track, we propose a physics-based reconstruction method called System Equivalent Reduction Expansion Processes (SEREP) to estimate wing deformation and strain from sparse measurements. Measurement locations are determined using a Weighted Normalized Modal Displacement (NMD) method. We experimentally validate the reconstruction technique by flapping a paper wing from 5-9 Hz with 45° and measuring strain at three locations. Two measurements are used for the reconstruction and the third for validation. Strain reconstructions had a maximal error of 30% in amplitude. We extend this methodology to a more realistic insect wing through numerical simulation. We show that wing displacement can be estimated from sparse displacement or strain measurements, and that additional sensors spatially average measurement noise to improve reconstruction accuracy. This research helps overcome some of the challenges of measuring full-field dynamics in flying insects and provides a framework for strain-based sensing in insect-inspired flapping robots.

scholarly journals Two sets of wing homologs in the crustacean, Parhyale hawaiensis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney M. Clark-Hachtel ◽  
Yoshinori Tomoyasu
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Insect Wing ◽  
Insect Wings ◽  
Parhyale Hawaiensis ◽  
Gene Regulatory ◽  
Competing Hypotheses ◽  
Dual Origin

The origin of insect wings is a biological mystery that has fascinated scientists for centuries. Through extensive investigations performed across various fields, two possible wing origin tissues have been identified; a lateral outgrowth of the dorsal body wall (tergum) and ancestral proximal leg structures1,2. With each idea offering both strengths and weaknesses, these two schools of thought have been in an intellectual battle for decades without reaching a consensus3. Identification of tissues homologous to insect wings from linages outside of Insecta will provide pivotal information to resolve this conundrum. Here, through expression analyses and CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing in the crustacean, Parhyale hawaiensis, we show that a wing-like gene regulatory network (GRN) operates both in the crustacean terga and in the proximal leg segments, suggesting that (i) the evolution of a wing-like GRN precedes the emergence of insect wings, and (ii) that both of these tissues are equally likely to be crustacean wing homologs. Interestingly, the presence of two sets of wing homologs parallels previous findings in some wingless segments of insects, where wing serial homologs are maintained as two separate tissues4–7. This similarity provides crucial support for the idea that the wingless segments of insects indeed reflect an ancestral state for the tissues that gave rise to the insect wing, while the true insect wing represents a derived state that depends upon the contribution of two distinct tissues. These outcomes point toward a dual origin of insect wings, and thus provide a crucial opportunity to unify the two historically competing hypotheses on the origin of this evolutionarily monumental structure.

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