scholarly journals Lymph node density as a surrogate marker for positive lymph nodes

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Van Gorp ◽  
A J Kruse ◽  
B F Slangen ◽  
R F Kruitwagen
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Node Density ◽  
Lymph Node Density ◽  
Positive Lymph Nodes

scholarly journals Reply: Lymph node density as a surrogate marker for positive lymph nodes

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-223
Author(s):  
S Polterauer ◽  
C Grimm ◽  
A Reinthaller ◽  
C Tempfer
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Node Density ◽  
Lymph Node Density ◽  
Positive Lymph Nodes

A single-center retrospective analysis to evaluate the prognostic role of lymph node density in patients with lymph node-positive cervical cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17013-e17013
Author(s):  
Arkadius A. Polasik ◽  
Wolfgang Janni ◽  
Christoph Scholz ◽  
Nikolaus De Gregorio ◽  
Fabienne Schochter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Node Density ◽  
Lymph Node Density ◽  
Lymph Node Positive ◽  
Positive Lymph Nodes

e17013 Background: The aim of this retrospective analysis is to evaluate the prognostic role of lymph node density (LND), i.e. the ratio of positive lymph nodes to the total number of lymph nodes removed during surgery, in nodal-positive cervical cancer patients. Methods: Out of 266 patients with cervical cancer that underwent surgery including lymphonodectomy between 2000 and 2017 at the Department for Gynecology and Obstetrics of the University Hospital Ulm, 86 patients with positive lymph nodes were included in the analysis. According to former study results, patients were divided into two groups with LND < 10% vs. ≥ 10%. Univariable and multivariable cox-regression models (adjusted for age, histological subtype, grading, body mass index, R-status, lymphangiosis, histologically confirmed FIGO-status and chemotherapy) were used to evaluate the association between LND and both overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results: In the 86 patients, a median of 42 lymph nodes were removed (range 11 – 107), and a median of 2 lymph nodes (range 1 – 25) were found positive. 57 (66.3%) patients had a LND < 10% and 29 (33.7%) patients had a LND ≥ 10%. There was no significant association between LND (≥ 10% vs. < 10%) and OS in both univariable (hazard ratio[HR] 1.49, 95% CI 0.72 – 3.07, p = 0.280) and multivariable survival analysis (HR 1.46, 95% CI 0.64 – 3.32, p = 0.372), respectively. However, LND was significantly associated with DFS in univariable analysis (HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.10 – 4.03, p = 0.024) and was found to be an independent predictor for DFS in adjusted multivariable analysis (HR 2.30, 95% CI 1.08 – 4.91, p = 0.031). Conclusions: LND ≥ 10% in patients with lymph node-positive cervical cancer is associated with a worsened DFS compared to patients with a LND < 10%. Thus, LND may be used as an independent prognostic marker and/or for risk stratification in these patients.

Evidence for persistent radiation-related injury to the immune system in patients with local breast cancer.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15189-e15189
Author(s):  
Janhavi Athale ◽  
Kristen Broderick ◽  
Xiaojun Wu ◽  
Stuart A. Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diep Flap ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Node Density ◽  
Abdominal Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Node Density ◽  
Tumor Stages

e15189 Background: Clinical data in multiple tumors has demonstrated that the inadvertent radiation of circulating lymphocytes causes grade III-IV lymphopenia which is associated with worse outcomes in cancer patients and failure to respond to immunologic interventions. Murine data from our lab demonstrated that radiation to the brain results in striking changes in the anatomy and cellularity of distant unirradiated lymph nodes. This study was designed to understand the relationship between local radiation and the depletion of distant unirradiated lymph nodes in humans which has not been previously studied. Methods: Adult women with breast cancer who had undergone prior mastectomy with pathology, labs, and radiation data available at our institution were enrolled at the time of their deep inferior epigastric perforator artery (DIEP) flap reconstruction. During reconstruction, a single abdominal lymph node was extracted, and subsequently formalin fixed. The pre- and post-treatment lymph nodes of radiated and non-radiated patients were presented in a blinded manner to the hematopathologist. The pathologist described each lymph node and graded the lymph node density as (1) low, (2) low-normal, (3) normal, or (4) high. Results: Seven women have been enrolled (median age 50; range 31-55) with AJCC tumor stages from 1a – 3b (five are hormone positive, and two are triple negative). The reconstruction was completed on average 488.71 + 224.57 days after initial mastectomy. Three of the women received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and five received adjuvant chemotherapy. Five of the seven women had received radiation (mean 50.9 + 5.6 Gy). The baseline median LN density score in all patients was 4 (range 1-4), with a post mean LN density of 1.2 + 0.4 in the radiation group compared to a mean score of 3 + 1.4 in the control group. Conclusions: Systemic lymphocyte counts remain relatively stable but lymph node density is markedly lower than baseline in 80% of patients who received chest wall irradiation consistent with data from animal model studies. It is important to note that this effect on the nodes is seen long after the radiation has been completed. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Impact of Examined Lymph Node Count and Lymph Node Density on Overall Survival of Penile Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Gao ◽  
Tianle Zhu ◽  
Jingjing Gao ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Xi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Penile Cancer ◽  
Node Density ◽  
Lymph Node Count ◽  
Lymph Node Density ◽  
Cutoff Values ◽  
Node Count

BackgroundFew studies have explored the optimal examined lymph node count and lymph node density cutoff values that could be used to predict the survival of patients with penile cancer. We further clarify the prognostic value of lymph node density and examined lymph node count in penile cancer.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was explored to recruit penile cancer patients from 2010 to 2015. A retrospective analysis of penile cancer patients’ data from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University was performed for verification (2006–2016). The cutoff values of examined lymph node count and lymph node density were performed according to the ROC curve. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare survival differences among different groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to determine the significant variables. On the basis of Cox proportional hazards regression model, a nomogram was established and validated by calibration plot diagrams and concordance index (C-index).ResultsA total of 528 patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cohort and 156 patients in the Chinese cohort were included in this study. Using the ROC curve, we found that the recommended cutoff values of ELN and LND were 13 and 9.3%, respectively (P &lt;0.001). Kaplan–Meier curves suggested the significant differences of overall survival among different examined lymph nodes and lymph node density. Multivariate analysis indicated ELN and LND were independent prognostic factor for OS of penile cancer patients. Nomogram showed the contribution of ELN and LND to predicting OS was large. The C-index at 3-, and 5-year were 0.744 for overall survival (95% CI 0.711–0.777).ConclusionsThe more lymph nodes examined, the lower the density of lymph nodes, and the higher the long-term survival rate of penile cancer. We recommended 13 examined lymph nodes and lymph node density &gt;9.3% as the cutoff value for evaluating the prognosis of penile cancer patients.

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