scholarly journals Effects of consuming foods containing oat β-glucan on blood pressure, carbohydrate metabolism and biomarkers of oxidative stress in men and women with elevated blood pressure

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 786-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
K C Maki ◽  
R Galant ◽  
P Samuel ◽  
J Tesser ◽  
M S Witchger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Biomarkers Of Oxidative Stress

Abstract P545: Insufficient Sleep and Nitric Oxide-Mediated Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Adults With Elevated Blood Pressure

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A Stockelman ◽  
Anthony R Bain ◽  
Dana M Withrow ◽  
Tracey A Larson ◽  
Elizabeth M Boland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Short Sleep ◽  
Normal Sleep

Elevated blood pressure (BP ≥130/80 mmHg) is associated with increased risk for myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke and vascular disease. Insufficient nightly sleep (<7 h/night) has been linked not only to the etiology of elevated blood pressure but is a prevalent, often ignored, comorbidity. Indeed, short sleep duration is now considered to be a plausible risk factor for elevated blood pressure and a harbinger of increased cardiovascular risk. A high prevalence of insufficient nightly sleep has been reported in adults with elevated blood pressure. The influence of insufficient sleep on endothelial vasodilator function in adults with elevated blood pressure is unknown. We tested the hypotheses that chronic insufficient sleep is associated with diminished nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation in adults with elevated blood pressure. Moreover, the insufficient sleep-related reduction in endothelial vasodilator function is due, at least in part to increased oxidative stress. Thirty-five middle-aged and older adults with elevated blood pressure were studied: 15 with normal nightly sleep duration (11M/4F; age: 58±2 yr; BP: 136/82±1/2 mmHg; sleep: 7.6±0.2 h/night) and 20 with short nightly sleep duration (14M/6F; 58±1 yr; BP: 138/84±1/1 mmHg; sleep: 6.0±0.1 h/night). Forearm blood flow (FBF) responses to intra-arterial infusion of acetylcholine (ACh), in the absence and presence of the endothelial NO synthase inhibitor N G -monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and the antioxidant vitamin C were determined by venous occlusion plethysmography. The FBF response to ACh was significantly lower (~20%) in the short sleep (from 3.8±0.2 to 11.0±0.6 ml/100 ml tissue/min) compared with the normal sleep duration group (from 4.2±0.2 to 13.6±0.6 ml/100 ml tissue/min). L-NMMA significantly reduced (~25%) the FBF response to ACh in the normal sleep but not the short sleep group. Vitamin C markedly increased (~35%; P<0.05) the vasodilator response to ACh in short sleepers only. In summary, habitual short sleep duration worsens NO-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation in adults with elevated blood pressure. Furthermore, the sleep-related diminishment in endothelial vasodilator function is due, in part, to increased oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Sex differences in health status, healthcare utilization, and costs among individuals with elevated blood pressure: the LARK study from Western Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Sikka ◽  
Allison DeLong ◽  
Jemima Kamano ◽  
Sylvester Kimaiyo ◽  
Vitalis Orango ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Out Of Pocket Costs

Abstract Background Elevated blood pressure is the leading risk factor for global mortality. While it is known that there exist differences between men and women with respect to socioeconomic status, self-reported health, and healthcare utilization, there are few published studies from Africa. This study therefore aims to characterize differences in self-reported health status, healthcare utilization, and costs between men and women with elevated blood pressure in Kenya. Methods Data from 1447 participants enrolled in the LARK Hypertension study in western Kenya were analyzed. Latent class analysis based on five dependent variables was performed to describe patterns of healthcare utilization and costs in the study population. Regression analysis was then performed to describe the relationship between different demographics and each outcome. Results Women in our study had higher rates of unemployment (28% vs 12%), were more likely to report lower monthly earnings (72% vs 51%), and had more outpatient visits (39% vs 28%) and pharmacy prescriptions (42% vs 30%). Women were also more likely to report lower quality-of-life and functional health status, including pain, mobility, self-care, and ability to perform usual activities. Three patterns of healthcare utilization were described: (1) individuals with low healthcare utilization, (2) individuals who utilized care and paid high out-of-pocket costs, and (3) individuals who utilized care but had lower out-of-pocket costs. Women and those with health insurance were more likely to be in the high-cost utilizer group. Conclusions Men and women with elevated blood pressure in Kenya have different health care utilization behaviors, cost and economic burdens, and self-perceived health status. Awareness of these sex differences can help inform targeted interventions in these populations.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Healthcare Utilization and Costs among Individuals with Elevated Blood Pressure: The LARK Study from Western Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Sikka ◽  
Allison DeLong ◽  
Jemima Kamano ◽  
Sylvester Kimaiyo ◽  
Vitalis Orango ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Out Of Pocket Costs

Abstract Background: Elevated blood pressure is the leading risk factor for global mortality. While it is known that there exist differences between men and women with respect to socioeconomic status, self-reported health, and healthcare utilization, there are few published studies from Africa. This study therefore aims to characterize differences in healthcare utilization and costs between men and women with elevated blood pressure in Kenya.Methods: Data from 1447 participants enrolled in the LARK Hypertension study in western Kenya were analyzed. Latent class analysis based on nine dependent variables was performed to describe patterns of healthcare utilization and costs in the study population. Regression analysis was then performed to describe the relationship between different demographics and each outcome. Results: Women in our study had higher rates of unemployment (28% vs 12%), were more likely to report lower monthly earnings (72% vs 51%), and had more outpatient visits (39% vs 28%) and pharmacy prescriptions (42% vs 30%). Three patterns of healthcare utilization were described: (1) individuals with low healthcare utilization, (2) individuals who utilized care but paid low out-of-pocket costs, and (3) individuals who utilized care but had higher out-of-pocket costs. Women and those with health insurance were more likely to be in the high-cost utilizer group. Women were also more likely to report lower quality-of-life and functional health status, including pain, mobility, self-care, and ability to perform usual activities. Conclusions: Men and women with elevated blood pressure in Kenya have different health care utilization behaviors, cost and economic burdens, and health outcomes. Awareness of these sex differences can help inform targeted interventions in these populations. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01844596, Date of registration: May 1, 2013. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01844596

scholarly journals Role of oxidative stress in elevated blood pressure induced by high free fatty acids

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Hongliang Li ◽  
Zhiqiang Hou ◽  
Lin Pan ◽  
Xiaoxia Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Elevated Blood

ROLE OF THE THYROID GLAND IN DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF RENAL HYPERTENSION IN RATS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (III) ◽  
pp. 411-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melvin J. Fregly ◽  
Kenneth M. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Rate Increase ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
The Other ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Testicular Size

ABSTRACT The anti-thyroid drugs, thiouracil, propylthiouracil, and methimazole, prevented both development of elevated blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy usually accompanying kidney encapsulation with latex envelopes. These drugs also reduced elevated blood pressure of rats with hypertension of 13 to 40 weeks' duration prior to drug administration. Addition of desiccated thyroid powder to diet containing an anti-thyroid drug overcame the anti-hypertensive effect of the latter. Withdrawal of thyroid powder only was followed by return of blood pressure to previous low level within 3 weeks. The results suggest that the anti-hypertensive effect of these drugs is related directly to the hypothyroidism produced rather than to extrathyroidal effects of the drugs. Comparison of potencies of the 3 drugs in terms of anti-hypertensive effect, inhibition of growth rate, increase in testicular size, and increase in thyroid size suggests that propylthiouracil and methimazole are equally potent per unit weight of drug. Thiouracil has approximately half the potency of the other two.

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