scholarly journals Gene expression differences in Longissimus muscle of Nelore steers genetically divergent for residual feed intake

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Polyana C. Tizioto ◽  
Luiz L. Coutinho ◽  
Priscila S. N. Oliveira ◽  
Aline S. M. Cesar ◽  
Wellison J. S. Diniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Stress Genes ◽  
New Genes ◽  
Differential Gene ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Metabolism Of Xenobiotics ◽  
Antioxidant Mechanisms

Abstract Residual feed intake (RFI), a measure of feed efficiency (FE), is defined as the difference between the observed and the predictable feed intake considering size and growth of the animal. It is extremely important to beef production systems due to its impact on the allocation of land areas to alternative agricultural production, animal methane emissions, food demand and cost of production. Global differential gene expression analysis between high and low RFI groups (HRFI and LRFI: less and more efficient, respectively) revealed 73 differentially expressed (DE) annotated genes in Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle of Nelore steers. These genes are involved in the overrepresented pathways Metabolism of Xenobiotics by Cytochrome P450 and Butanoate and Tryptophan Metabolism. Among the DE transcripts were several proteins related to mitochondrial function and the metabolism of lipids. Our findings indicate that observed gene expression differences are primarily related to metabolic processes underlying oxidative stress. Genes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and antioxidant mechanisms were primarily down-regulated, while genes responsible for lipid oxidation and ketogenesis were up-regulated in HRFI group. By using LT muscle, this study reinforces our previous findings using liver tissue and reveals new genes and likely tissue-specific regulators playing key-roles in these processes.

PSIV-6 Differential gene expression of fibro/adipogenic progenitors between Wagyu and Brahman cattle: A possible contribution to their different meat quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 301-301
Author(s):  
Chaoyang Li ◽  
Qianglin Liu ◽  
Matt Welborn ◽  
Leshan Wang ◽  
Yuxia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Brahman Cattle ◽  
Differential Gene ◽  
The Difference

Abstract The amount of intramuscular fat directly influences the meat quality. However, significant differences in the ability to accumulate intramuscular fat are present among different beef cattle breeds. While Wagyu, a cattle breed that originated from Japan, is renowned for abundant intramuscular fat, Brahman cattle generally have very little intramuscular fat accumulation and produce tougher meat. We identified that bovine intramuscular fat is derived from a group of bipotent progenitor cells named fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) which also give rise to fibroblasts. Thus, the variation in intramuscular fat development between Wagyu and Brahman is likely attributed to the difference in FAPs between these two breeds. In order to understand the gene expression difference between FAPs of the two breeds, single-cell RNA-seq was performed using total single-nucleated cells isolated from the longissimus muscle of young purebred Wagyu, purebred Brahman, and Wagyu-Brahman cross cattle. FAPs constitute the largest single-nucleated cell population in both Wagyu and Brahman skeletal muscle. Multiple subpopulations of FAPs with different gene expression profiles were identified, suggesting that FAP is a heterogeneous population. A unique FAP cluster expressing lower levels of fibrillar collagen and extracellular remodeling enzyme genes but higher levels of select proadipogenic genes was identified exclusively in Wagyu skeletal muscle, which likely contributes to the robust intramuscular adipogenic efficiency of Wagyu FAPs. In conclusion, the difference in the cellular composition and gene expression of FAPs between Wagyu and Brahman cattle likely contribute to their distinct meat quality.

scholarly journals Body composition and implications for heat production of Angus steer progeny of parents selected for and against residual feed intake

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Richardson ◽  
R. M. Herd ◽  
V. H. Oddy ◽  
J. M. Thompson ◽  
J. A. Archer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Efficiency

Yearling Angus steer progeny of parents selected for low residual feed intake (RFI; high efficiency) or high RFI (low efficiency) were evaluated for feed intake, growth and differences in body composition. RFI is the difference between actual feed intake and expected feed intake based on an animal’s size and growth over a test period. Individual intakes of a high grain content ration and growth rates were recorded for 140 days and then the steers were slaughtered for measurement of body composition. All internal organs and non-carcass fat depots were removed, weighed and ground for chemical analysis. Carcasses were kept overnight in the chiller and the left half of every carcass physically dissected into retail cuts, and then into total fat, lean and bone. Carcass fat and lean were then combined and ground for chemical analysis. Steers from low RFI parents ate less (P<0.05) than the steers from high RFI parents, for similar rates of growth. Improvement in RFI was accompanied by small changes in body composition towards greater lean and less fat in the progeny of low RFI parents. Correlations of sire estimated breeding values for RFI with end of test whole body chemical protein, chemical fat and a principal component that condensed information on fat and lean body composition at the end of the test, were statistically significant. These confirmed there was a genetic association between body composition and RFI, with fatness being associated with higher RFI (i.e. lower efficiency). However, the correlations were small and suggested that less than 5% of the variation in sire RFI was explained by variation in body composition of their steer progeny. There was no evidence that a difference in the chemical composition of gain over the test explained the greater intake of metabolisable energy (ME) by the high RFI steers. The results suggest that the difference in ME intake following a single generation of divergent selection for RFI was due to metabolic processes rather than to changes in body composition.

443 Residual feed intake in beef cattle and its association with ruminal epithelium gene expression

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. 217-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Elolimy ◽  
J. C. McCann ◽  
D. W. Shike ◽  
J. J. Loor
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Ruminal Epithelium

scholarly journals Analysis of meat quality traits and gene expression profiling of pigs divergent in residual feed intake

Meat Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Horodyska ◽  
Michael Oster ◽  
Henry Reyer ◽  
Anne Maria Mullen ◽  
Peadar G. Lawlor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Meat Quality Traits

Divergent breeding values for fatness or residual feed intake in Angus cattle. 4. Fat EBVs’ influence on fatness fluctuation and supplementary feeding requirements

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
J. M. Accioly ◽  
K. J. Copping ◽  
M. P. B. Deland ◽  
M. L. Hebart ◽  
R. M. Herd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Supplementary Feeding ◽  
Genetic Line ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Supplementary Feed

The productivity of 500 Angus cows, divergently selected for either rib fat or residual feed intake (RFI) based on BREEDPLAN estimated breeding values (EBVs) and managed under two levels of nutrition (stocking rates), was evaluated. The study examined the effects of genetic line, nutrition and weaning history on profiles for weight, rib fat depth, fatness (rib fat depth adjusted for weight) and supplementary feed requirements from just before the first joining as heifers through to the weaning of their third calf. Cows gained both weight and fat as they grew older. Observed fluctuations in weight and rib fat depth, within each year, were associated with pasture availability and physiological demands. Cows that did not wean a calf in a given year became heavier and fatter than cows that did; and they remained so when they calved the following year. High-fat and High-RFI were always fatter and lighter than Low-fat and Low-RFI cows, respectively. The difference in rib fat and fatness between High- and Low-RFI lines (P < 0.001) was similar to, although slightly greater than, the difference between High- and Low-fat lines (P = 0.048) reflecting differences in rib fat EBVs between High-RFI (3.2 ± 1.47) and Low-RFI (–0.7 ± 1.3) compared with High-fat (1.1 ± 0.78) and Low-fat (–1.4 ± 0.67). Cows on High-Nutrition were heavier and fatter than those on Low-Nutrition (P < 0.001) but there were no significant interactions between genetic line and nutrition (P > 0.05). Supplementary feeding threshold was reached earlier by Low-fat and Low-RFI cows than their counterparts. Calculations based on the data in the present paper estimate that if cows lose condition at a rapid rate (1 condition score/month), then a cow with an extra 1 mm rib fat EBV would take 7.5 days longer to reach the same supplementary feeding threshold. Fat EBVs can, therefore, be a useful tool in assisting beef producers to match genotype to their production system.

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