Geochemical variability of heavy metals in soil after land use conversions in Northeast China and its environmental applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 924-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jiao ◽  
Wei Ouyang ◽  
Fanghua Hao ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Fangli Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Environmental Applications ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Soil P ◽  
The World

Unlike most other areas in the world, the long-term agricultural reclamation in Northeast China has significantly decreased some metal concentrations in soil.

scholarly journals Lead, zinc, and chromium concentrations in acidic headwater streams in Sweden explained by chemical, climatic, and land-use variations

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 4323-4335 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Huser ◽  
J. Fölster ◽  
S. J. Köhler
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Headwater Streams ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Lead Zinc ◽  
Term Data

Abstract. Long-term data series (1996–2009) for eleven acidic headwater streams (< 10 km2) in Sweden were analyzed to determine factors controlling concentrations of trace metals. In-stream chemical data as well climatic, flow, and deposition chemistry data were used to develop models predicting concentrations of chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). Data were initially analyzed using partial least squares to determine a set of variables that could predict metal concentrations across all sites. Organic matter (as absorbance) and iron related positively to Pb and Cr, while pH related negatively to Pb and Zn. Other variables such as conductivity, manganese, and temperature were important as well. Multiple linear regression was then used to determine minimally adequate prediction models which explained an average of 35% (Cr), 52% (Zn), and 72% (Pb) of metal variation across all sites. While models explained at least 50% of variation in the majority of sites for Pb (10) and Zn (8), only three sites met this criterion for Cr. Investigation of variation between site models for each metal revealed geographical (altitude), chemical (sulfate), and land-use (silvaculture) influences on predictive power of the models. Residual analysis revealed seasonal differences in the ability of the models to predict metal concentrations as well. Expected future changes in model variables were applied and results showed the potential for long-term increases (Pb) or decreases (Zn) for trace metal concentrations at these sites.

scholarly journals Do soil bacterial communities respond differently to abrupt or gradual additions of copper?

2018 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McTee ◽  
Lorinda Bullington ◽  
Matthias C Rillig ◽  
Philip W Ramsey
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Richness

ABSTRACTMany experiments that measure the response of microbial communities to heavy metals increase metal concentrations abruptly in the soil. However, it is unclear whether abrupt additions mimic the gradual and often long-term accumulation of these metals in the environment where microbial populations may adapt. In a greenhouse experiment that lasted 26 months, we tested whether bacterial communities and soil respiration differed between soils that received an abrupt or a gradual addition of copper or no copper at all. Bacterial richness and other diversity indices were consistently lower in the abrupt treatment compared to the ambient treatment that received no copper. The abrupt addition of copper yielded different initial bacterial communities than the gradual addition; however, these communities appeared to converge once copper concentrations were approximately equal. Soil respiration in the abrupt treatment was initially suppressed but recovered after four months. Afterwards, respiration in both the gradual and abrupt treatments wavered between being below or equal to the ambient treatment. Overall, our study indicates that gradual and abrupt additions of copper can yield similar bacterial communities and respiration, but these responses may drastically vary until copper concentrations are equal.

Threats to the running water ecosystems of the world

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Malmqvist ◽  
Simon Rundle
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Running Waters ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Lotic Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Water Ecosystems

Running waters are perhaps the most impacted ecosystem on the planet as they have been the focus for human settlement and are heavily exploited for water supplies, irrigation, electricity generation, and waste disposal. Lotic systems also have an intimate contact with their catchments and so land-use alterations affect them directly. Here long-term trends in the factors that currently impact running waters are reviewed with the aim of predicting what the main threats to rivers will be in the year 2025. The main ultimate factors forcing change in running waters (ecosystem destruction, physical habitat and water chemistry alteration, and the direct addition or removal of species) stem from proximate influences from urbanization, industry, land-use change and water-course alterations. Any one river is likely to be subjected to several types of impact, and the management of impacts on lotic systems is complicated by numerous links between different forms of anthropogenic effect. Long-term trends for different impacts vary. Concentrations of chemical pollutants such as toxins and nutrients have increased in rivers in developed countries over the past century, with recent reductions for some pollutants (e.g. metals, organic toxicants, acidification), and continued increases in others (e.g. nutrients); there are no long-term chemical data for developing countries. Dam construction increased rapidly during the twentieth century, peaking in the 1970s, and the number of reservoirs has stabilized since this time, whereas the transfer of exotic species between lotic systems continues to increase. Hence, there have been some success stories in the attempts to reduce the impacts from anthropogenic impacts in developed nations. Improvements in the pH status of running waters should continue with lower sulphurous emissions, although emissions of nitrous oxides are set to continue under current legislation and will continue to contribute to acidification and nutrient loadings. Climate change also will impact running waters through alterations in hydrology and thermal regimes, although precise predictions are problematic; effects are likely to vary between regions and to operate alongside rather than override those from other impacts. Effects from climate change may be more extreme over longer time scales (>50 years). The overriding pressure on running water ecosystems up to 2025 will stem from the predicted increase in the human population, with concomitant increases in urban development, industry, agricultural activities and water abstraction, diversion and damming. Future degradation could be substantial and rapid (c. 10 years) and will be concentrated in those areas of the world where resources for conservation are most limited and knowledge of lotic ecosystems most incomplete; damage will centre on lowland rivers, which are also relatively poorly studied. Changes in management practices and public awareness do appear to be benefiting running water ecosystems in developed countries, and could underpin conservation strategies in developing countries if they were implemented in a relevant way.

scholarly journals VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS OF UNDERGROUND AQUIFERS TO CONTAMINATION USING THE DRASTIC METHOD AND RISK DETERMINATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (84) ◽  
pp. 227-245
Author(s):  
Berenice de Paula Amaral ◽  
Renato Farias Do Valle junior ◽  
Emerson Ribeiro Machado ◽  
Hygor Evangelista Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Management ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Industrial Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Drastic Method ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Sandstone Formation

Groundwater represents an important component in the supply of freshwater in several regions around the world. The contamination of these waters is a worrisome problem in the management of water resources. Since underground aquifers are vulnerable to contamination by human and industrial activities, including land use, the diagnosis associated with land use is critical for environmental management. The present study was carried out in the Uberaba sandstone formation, in which the vulnerability of the subterranean aquifers was determined using the DRASTIC method, by evaluating the interaction between the use and occupation of the land using a geographic information system. Thus, the risk of contamination of the underground aquifer was determined by evaluating the land use with the water quality and fertility. The tool applied in the present study proved effective for the diagnosis, management and action planning in the short and long term, with the intention of preserving these natural resources.

scholarly journals Accumulation of heavy metals in soil and maize after 17-year pig manure application in Northeast China

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changrui Zhou ◽  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Wantai Yu ◽  
Zhuqing Xia ◽  
Chuanchuan Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Total N ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Term Field

Application of composted pig manure (PM) is a traditional practice to improve soil fertility, whereas generally leads to some environmental questions. The effects of PM application on Cd, Cu and Zn accumulation in soil and maize were investigated based on a long-term field trial in Northeast China, including control (CK), PM<sub>L</sub>, PM<sub>M</sub>, and PM<sub>H</sub>, receiving 0, 100, 250 and 500 kg total N/ha/year from 2002 to 2008 and 0, 10, 25 and 50 t fresh weight/ha/year from 2009 to 2018, respectively. Results showed that long-term soil application of PM increased maize grain yield, soil organic carbon (SOC) contents, coupled with significant accumulation and availability of Cd, Cu, and Zn in soil (0–15 cm). Compared with CK, the soil total Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations significantly increased by 105, 287 and 108% at high PM rate, respectively. Notably, the increments enhanced these heavy metals storage in maize roots rather than in grains. Moreover, the application of PM confirmed vertical transport of heavy metals in the tested soil, particularly for Cd and Cu in PM<sub>H</sub> treatment. Overall, the repeated application of PM can cause the accumulation and leaching of Cd, Cu and Zn in soil.

Effects of long-term land use change on dissolved carbon characteristics in the permafrost streams of northeast China

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2496-2506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuedong Guo ◽  
Changchun Song ◽  
Zhongmei Wan ◽  
Wenwen Tan ◽  
Yongzheng Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Permafrost Soils

Permafrost soils act as large sinks of organic carbon but are highly sensitive to interference such as changes in land use, which can greatly influence dissolved carbon loads in streams.

Assessment of Heavy Metals in Grain Fields with Long-term Treatment of Agrochemicals and Organic Manure in Hailun City of Northeast China

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahidanasreen ZAKIR ◽  
Zhanjiang SHANG ◽  
Yanli XU ◽  
Lili ZHAN ◽  
Chunjie LI
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Long Term Treatment

A sustainable plan for conserving forest biodiversity in far East Russia and northeast China

1997 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce G. Marcot ◽  
Sergei S. Ganzei ◽  
Tiefu Zhang ◽  
Boris A. Voronov
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Far East ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Forest Biodiversity ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
East Russia ◽  
Land Use Plan

An ongoing, trinational project is providing the first environmentally sustainable economic development plan for the Ussuri River watershed (URW) in Far East Russia and northeast China. The URW is host to a unique mix of northern taiga and southern subtropical biota, and contains many endemic, relict, and highly threatened species of plants and animals. In Russia, severe monetary inflation and a shift to a market economy have left some aspects of forest biodiversity in jeopardy, particularly policing for wildlife poachers, regulating CITES (international wildlife trafficking) violations, ensuring long-term sustained production of timber and non-timber forest products, protecting unique habitats, and adequately staffing scientific reserves and funding needed research. In China, broad scale conversion of remaining wetlands to agriculture and rice paddies, and of diverse native forests to intensively managed, monocultural plantations, is helping to sustain the economy but is sacrificing biodiversity. A proposed sustainable land use plan has (1) mapped resource use areas, including both proposed and existing transborder nature areas, (2) encouraged foreign investment in both countries, and (3) encouraged sustainable development of natural resource markets that will be compatible with long-term conservation of biodiversity. A hallmark of this plan is integrating the needs of the people with the capacity of the land through both environmental protection and wise resource use. Key words: Russia, China, Far East, Ussuri River watershed, biodiversity, sustainable, land use plan, wildlife

scholarly journals Trace metal concentrations in acidic, headwater streams in Sweden explained by chemical, climatic, and land use variations

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1793-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Huser ◽  
J. Fölster ◽  
S. Köhler
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Headwater Streams ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Term Data

Abstract. Long term data series (1996–2009) for eleven acidic, headwater streams (<10 km2) in Sweden were analyzed to determine factors controlling concentrations of trace metals. In-stream chemical data as well climatic, flow, and deposition chemistry data were used to develop models predicting concentrations of chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). Data were initially analyzed using partial least squares to determine a set of variables that could predict metal concentrations across all sites. Organic matter (as absorbance) and iron related positively to Pb and Cr while pH related negatively to Pb and Zn. Other variables such as conductivity, manganese, and temperature were important as well. Multiple linear regression was then used to determine minimally adequate prediction models which explained an average of 35% (Cr), 52% (Zn), and 72% (Pb) of metal variation across all sites. While models explained at least 50% of variation in the majority of sites for Pb (10) and Zn (8), only three sites met this criterion for Cr. Investigation of variation between site models for each metal revealed geographical (altitude), chemical (sulfate), and land use (silvaculture) influences on predictive power of the models. Residual analysis revealed seasonal differences in the ability of the models to predict metal concentrations as well. Expected future changes in model variables were applied and results showed the potential for long term increases (Pb) or decreases (Zn) for trace metal concentrations at these sites.

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